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Prelacteal is foods given to newborns before breastfeeding is established or before breast milk comes out, one of the effects of prelacteal feeding practice is to increase mortality in infants. Efforts to reduce the behavior of prelacteal feeding practice is by implementing Early Initiation of Breastfeeding. Where one of the benefits of implementing EIB is stimulate the release of breast milk. This study uses data from the Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey on 2017 which aims to determine the correlation between the implementation of EIB with prelacteal feeding practice among newborns after being controlled by covariate variables (age, education, occupation, economic status, region of residence, frequency of Antenatal Care visits, birth attendants, type of delivery, and birthweight). The study design used was cross sectional with a total sample of 1,728 respondents. Data analysis used multiple logistic regression. The results showed that there was a correlation between the implementation of IMD with prelacteal feeding practice among newborns in Indonesia on 2017 (ρ-value = 0.0001) with an OR value of 5.20, which means that respondents who did not implement EIB had a 5.20 times more likely to do prelacteal feeding practice among newborns after being controlled by variables the region of residence and type of delivery. The recommendations of this research are technical guidelines and implementation guidelines of existing policies so that these regulations can be implemented by the regions.
Kata kunci: kehamilan tidak diinginkan, kematian neonatal, faktor risiko, perdesaan, perkotaan
This study discusses the effect of unwanted pregnancies towards neonatal mortality. The purpose of this study is to determine how unwanted pregnancy affecting the risk of neonatal mortality and the dominant risk factors for neonatal death among women at risk of childbirth considering their residence, rural and urban areas. The study design of this research is a cross sectional with multivariable logistic regression analysis using IDHS 2017. The number of research subject used in this study were 1618 live births in urban areas and 1645 live births in rural areas among women at risk of childbirth population. The results showed that unwanted pregnancy was not statistically associated to neonatal mortality both in urban and rural area. The results of the bivariate analysis showed that the variable which statistically associated to neonatal mortality both in urban and rural area is low birth weight (lbw) (purban=0,001; prural=0,002). Even After the unwanted pregnancy variables were being controlled by other variables using regression logistic analysis, it remains unrelated and does not increase the risk of neonatal mortality both in urban and rural areas. In urban area, multivariable analysis results show risk factors for neonatal mortality are lbw (OR = 10.14), low education (OR = 2.67), parity 2-3 (OR = 8.4), and parity> 3 (OR = 32). In rural area, the risk factors for neonatal death are lbw (OR = 11), antenatal care 3 births for urban area and lbw for rural area. It can be concluded that unwanted pregnancy is not directly associated to neonatal mortality. However, previous studies have explained there are changes in maternal behavior towards inappropriate pregnancy care. Risk factors for neonatal death vary according to types of residence, urban and rural area.
Keywords: unwanted pregnancy, neonatal mortality, risk factors, rural, urban
