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Kata Kunci : Lean Six Sigma, pemulangan pasien, rawat inap
This study discusses the analysis of the process of inpatient discharge process with lean six sigma method in RSUP Fatmawati. The purpose of this research is to know the process of inpatient discharge until the patient left the inpatient room at RSUP Fatmawati. This type of research is quantitative and qualitative by using time motion studies and using operational research with the method of observation and in-depth interview. The result of the research shows that the average return time of patient is 230 minutes with non value added activity 212 minutes and value added activity 18 minutes. The longest process took place in an inpatient room with a duration of 143 minutes, due to the patient's family waiting to take care of the administration home. The results of the study suggest that the patient discharge administration officer, the associated workload analysis, conduct a review of the patient's return policy, and optimize SIMRS by enforcing the electronic system for time and human resource efficiency.
Keywords: Lean Six Sigma, discharge process, inpatient
Latar Belakang : Waktu tunggu sering kali dijadikan indikator untuk menilai kualitas pelayanan rumah sakit oleh pasien. Salah satu aspek yang menjadi perhatian adalah waktu tunggu untuk pemulangan pasien. Data RS Mitra Keluarga Bintaro tahun 2023 menunjukkan rata-rata waktu tunggu pasien adalah 87 menit dengan perbedaan yang cukup signifikan antara pasien dengan penjaminan pribadi (66 menit) dan penjaminan asuransi (121 menit). Data rata-rata waktu tunggu tersebut terhitung sejak dokter memberikan instruksi pulang hingga pasien melakukan billing akhir. Data tersebut belum terhitung hingga pasien meninggalkan ruang rawat inap. Standar pelayanan minimal waktu tunggu pemulangan pasien rawat inap yang ditetapkan oleh Kemenkes yaitu kurang dari 120 menit. Pencapaian waktu tunggu pasien yang keluar dalam waktu ≤ 2 jam tercatat sebesar 88%, meskipun masih belum memenuhi target korporat yang ditetapkan sebesar 100%.
Metode : Penelitian ini mengadopsi desain operational research yang mengintegrasikan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah simple random sampling, dengan total sampel sebanyak 38 pasien yang pulang setelah menjalani rawat inap. Pemilihan sampel didasarkan pada distribusi hari, jam kepulangan, dan jenis metode penjaminan yang telah ditetapkan.
Hasil : Hasil penelitian dengan pendekatan lean six sigma berhasil mengidentifikasi lead time pemulangan pasien rawat inap di RS Mitra Keluarga Bintaro sebesar 5 jam 10 menit 54 detik dimana 69% merupakan kegiatan non value added yang didominasi oleh waste tipe waiting sebesar 3 jam 14 menit 23 detik. Akar masalah dari memanjangnya waktu tunggu pemulangan pasien rawat inap berada di fase III pada kegiatan menunggu pasien meninggalkan ruang rawat inap. Penerapan lean six sigma dalam proses pemulangan pasien rawat inap di RS Mitra Keluarga Bintaro berhasil mengurangi lead time sebesar 16%, dari 5 jam 10 menit 54 detik menjadi 4 jam 21 menit 25 detik. Pengurangan lead time ini diikuti dengan penurunan waste di seluruh tahapan pemulangan pasien, dengan penurunan waste terbesar terjadi pada fase I, yaitu sebesar 44%, dari 1 jam 3 menit 27 detik menjadi 35 menit 46 detik.
Kesimpulan : Terdapat penurunan waktu tunggu pemulangan pasien rawat inap di RS Mitra Keluarga Bintaro setelah penerapan lean six sigma. Penurunan waktu tunggu pemulangan pasien rawat inap masih diatas target standar pelayanan minimal yang ditetapkan oleh Kemenkes.
Background : Waiting time is often used as an indicator to assess the quality of hospital services by patients. One aspect of concern is the waiting time for patient discharge. Data from Mitra Keluarga Bintaro Hospital in 2023 showed that the average patient waiting time was 87 minutes with a significant difference between patients with personal guarantees (66 minutes) and insurance guarantees (121 minutes). The average waiting time data is calculated from when the doctor gives instructions to go home until the patient makes the final billing. The data does not include until the patient leaves the inpatient room. The minimum service standard for inpatient discharge waiting time set by the Ministry of Health is less than 120 minutes. The achievement of waiting time for patients who leave within ≤ 2 hours was recorded at 88%, although it still does not meet the corporate target set at 100%. Method : This study adopted an operational research design that integrates quantitative and qualitative methods. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling, with a total sample of 38 patients who returned home after undergoing inpatient care. Sample selection was based on the distribution of days, hours of discharge, and types of guarantee methods that had been determined. Hasil : The results of the study using the lean six sigma approach successfully identified the lead time for inpatient discharge at Mitra Keluarga Bintaro Hospital of 5 hours 10 minutes 54 seconds, where 69% were non-value added activities dominated by waiting type waste of 3 hours 14 minutes 23 seconds. The root of the problem of the long waiting time for inpatient discharge is in phase III in the activity of waiting for the patient to leave the inpatient room. The application of lean six sigma in the inpatient discharge process at Mitra Keluarga Bintaro Hospital successfully reduced the lead time by 16%, from 5 hours 10 minutes 54 seconds to 4 hours 21 minutes 25 seconds. This reduction in lead time was followed by a decrease in waste in all stages of patient discharge, with the largest decrease in waste occurring in phase I, which was 44%, from 1 hour 3 minutes 27 seconds to 35 minutes 46 seconds. Kesimpulan : There is a decrease in the waiting time for discharge of inpatients at Mitra Keluarga Bintaro Hospital after the implementation of lean six sigma. The decrease in the waiting time for discharge of inpatients is still above the minimum service standard target set by the Ministry of Health.
Latar Belakang : Length of stay (LOS) atau ideal time merupakan salah satu indikator penilaian key performance indicator (KPI) patient experience untuk menilai pelayanan IGD. Pencapaian LOS di IGD Mayapada Hospital Bogor baru tercapai 91% di bulan September dari target 100% dengan angka variasi waktu pelayanan yang cukup tinggi.
Metodologi : Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian operational research dengan menggabungkan metode penelitian kuantitatif dan kualitatif (mix methode) dan teknik stratified random sampling untuk metode pengambilan sampel dengan jumlah sebanyak 240 pasien IGD. Penentuan sampel menggunakan rumus Slovin.
Hasil Pembahasan : Pada penelitian ini ditemukan waste waiting sebagai penyebab masalah berdasarkan analisa pareto adalah pada kegiatan menunggu hasil laboratorium sebesar 28% (00:36:20), menunggu hasil radiologi sebesar 21% (00:27:38), persiapan obat, alkes dan oplos obat sebesar 19% (00:24:42) dan menunggu keputusan rawat inap sebesar 23% (00:30:11) dengan total keseluruhan sebesar 91%. Intervensi dengan implementasi lean six sigma yang dilakukan mampu menurunkan angka lead time sebesar (↓ 27,7%) dari 3 jam 59 menit 20 detik menjadi 2 jam 53 menit 2 detik dengan menghilangkan kegiatan non value added sebesar (↓ 37%) dari 2 jam 7 menit 4 detik menjadi 1 jam 20 menit 23 detik. Pada fase kontrol LOS pasien IGD menunjukan penurunan angka lead time sebesar 18% yaitu 2 jam 21 menit 23 detik dan penurunan kegiatan non value added menjadi 51 menit 7 detik
Kesimpulan : Intervensi lean six sigma dengan menggunakan tools standardize work, heijunka, 5S dan brainstorming terbukti mampu menurunkan waktu length of stay pelayanan pasien IGD.
Background : Length of stay (LOS) or ideal time, is one of the key performance indicators (KPIs) used to assess patient experience in emergency department (ED) services. LOS achievement in the ED reached only 91% of the target 100% in September at Mayapada Hospital Bogor, with a high variation in service time. Methodology : This study uses an operational research design, combining quantitative and qualitative research methods (mixed methods), and employs stratified random sampling techniques. The sampel size consisted of 240 ED patients, determined using the Slovin formula. Results and Discussion: In this study, the identified cause of the problem based on pareto analysis was waste due to waiting, with the following breakdown : waiting for laboratory results accounted for 28% (00:36:20), waiting for radiology results 21% (00:27:38), preparation of medications, medical devices, and drug mixing 19% (00:24:42), and waiting for inpatient admission decisions 23% (00:30:11), comprising a total of 91%. The intervention through the implementation of lean six sigma successfully reduced lead time by 27.7%, from 3 hours 59 minutes 20 seconds to 2 hours 53 minutes 2 seconds, by eliminating non–value-added activities by 37%, from 2 hours 7 minutes 4 seconds to 1 hour 20 minutes 23 seconds. In the control phase, the Emergency Department patient length of stay (LOS) showed a lead time reduction of 18%, equivalent to 2 hours, 21 minutes, and 23 seconds, and a decrease in non-value-added activities to 51 minutes and 7 seconds. During the control phase, the length of stay (LOS) for emergency department (ED) patients showed a further lead time reduction of 18%, reaching 2 hours 21 minutes 23 seconds, with a reduction in non–value-added activities to 51 minutes 7 seconds. Conclusion : Lean Six Sigma interventions, utilizing tools such as standardized work, heijunka, 5S, and brainstorming, effectively reduced the length of stay for ED patients.
Latar Belakang: Proses pre-registrasi pasien rawat inap di RS Mayapada Tangerang terdiri dari tiga fase utama, yaitu penerimaan berkas admission, review asuransi, serta konfirmasi jadwal dan persiapan pasien. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi proses pre-registrasi dan mengidentifikasi area yang perlu diperbaiki guna meningkatkan efisiensi pelayanan dengan.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Lean six sigma dengan metode DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, dan Control). Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi langsung, pencatatan waktu proses, dan diskusi kelompok terfokus (FGD) bersama tim terkait. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan Value Stream Mapping (VSM) untuk mengidentifikasi aktivitas bernilai tambah, serta Pareto Analysis dan Problem Tree Analysis untuk menemukan akar penyebab pemborosan dan keterlambatan.
Hasil: Analisis terhadap alur dan capaian waktu proses menunjukkan adanya ketidakefisienan, dengan total waktu mencapai 26 jam 1 menit 48 detik. Proporsi aktivitas bernilai tambah (Value added) tercatat sebesar 71%, sementara 29% lainnya tergolong Non-Value added, dengan pemborosan terbesar terjadi pada fase review asuransi akibat waktu tunggu yang panjang dan aktivitas berulang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa intervensi berbasis Lean six sigma efektif dalam meningkatkan efisiensi, ditandai dengan penurunan lead time pada fase post-intervensi. Pada fase I dan II terjadi perbaikan signifikan, seperti penyederhanaan proses konfirmasi DPJP, percepatan verifikasi dokumen, serta pengurangan waktu tunggu pada proses review asuransi.
Kesimpulan: Penerapan Lean six sigma mampu memberikan dampak positif terhadap optimalisasi proses pre-registrasi pasien rawat inap di RS Mayapada Tangerang.
Background : The inpatient pre-registration process at Mayapada Hospital Tangerang consists of three main phases: admission document submission, insurance review, and confirmation of schedule and patient preparation. This study aims to evaluate the pre-registration process and identify areas that need improvement to enhance service efficiency. Method : This research uses the Lean six sigma approach with the DMAIC method (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control). Data were collected through direct observation, process time tracking, and focus group discussions (FGDs) with relevant teams. The analysis was conducted using Value Stream Mapping (VSM) to identify value-added activities, along with Pareto Analysis and Problem Tree Analysis to determine the root causes of waste and delays. Results : Analysis of the process flow and time achievements revealed inefficiencies, with a total duration of 26 hours, 1 minute, and 48 seconds. The proportion of Value-Added (VA) activities was recorded at 71%, while the remaining 29% were classified as Non-Value added (NVA), with the most significant waste occurring during the insurance review phase due to long waiting times and repetitive tasks. The results showed that Lean six sigma-based interventions were effective in improving efficiency, as indicated by a reduction in lead time during the post-intervention phase. Significant improvements were observed in Phases I and II, including the simplification of DPJP (attending physician) confirmation, acceleration of document verification, and reduction in waiting time during the insurance review process. Conclusion : The implementation of Lean six sigma has a positive impact on optimizing the inpatient pre-registration process at Mayapada Hospital Tangerang
Penelitian ini bertujuan memperbaiki angka Kejadian Tidak Diharapkan (KTD) di ruang rawat biasa Instalasi Rawat Inap RS Anna Medika dengan metode Six Sigma. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang ditunjang dengan metode kuantitatif.
Hasil penelitian menyarankan pengembangan yang paling tepat adalah pengawasan langsung kepada petugas kesehatan dan penempatan sabun disertai label peringatan di tiap wastafel kamar perawatan, disertai upaya untuk meminimalisir biaya pelatihan berkala, evaluasi hasil pengembangan, modifikasi komponen biaya, dan pemberdayaan seluruh petugas untuk mendukung program tersebut.
This research aims to improve adverse event rate in regular care on inpatient service of Anna Medika Hospital using Six Sigma method. Qualitative approach with quantitative method support is used in this research.
The results suggest hospital to improve adverse event rate by observing of health workers hand higiene and procedures, and providing liquid soap with warning sign hand washing sink in every patient's room.
