Ditemukan 31558 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query :: Simpan CSV
Delay in diagnosis can lead to increased severity of the disease, increased the risk of death and the possibility of transmission of tuberculosis in the community. The objective of this study was to determine proportion and the length of delay in diagnosis and factors associated with the delay in diagnosis among pulmonary tuberculosis patient in Tebo Distric. This study design using cross sectional conducted in patients with tuberculosis who was treated at hospitals and health centers at Tebo District in 2018. The sample in this study amounted to 366 respondents. Multivariat analysis using a multivariate cox regression. The results showed that the proportion of diagnosis delay (> 28 days) was 63.93 %. Predisposing factors (age ≥ 45 years), enabling factors (first consulting Non- DOTS health care unit, high stigma and distance to the health care unit DOTS ≥ 30 minutes) and need factors (perception of the disease is not serious) are risk factors associated with the diagnostic delay. Necessary improving the quality of tuberculosis control programs, counseling tuberculosis so that people have the correct perception against tuberculosis and to reduce the negative stigma against tuberculosis, improving access to health care units DOTS and active case finding are vital to reduce diagnostic delay
Tuberkulosis sensitif obat (TB SO) salah satu penyakit infeksius penyebab kematian utama dunia. Terjadi peningkatan kematian pasien TB SO di Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Tujuan : Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh faktor usia, jenis kelamin, status bekerja, klasifikasi lokasi anatomi, klasifikasi riwayat pengobatan, komorbid DM, dan status HIV dengan kematian pasien TB SO selama masa pengobatan di Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Metode : Desain studi penelitian ini adalah kohort retrospektif dengan metode analisis survival Kaplan meier. Hasil : Hasil menunjukkan proporsi kematian pasien sebesar 4,5% dengan probabilitas kesintasan mencapai 90,1%. Faktor yang terbukti berpengaruh terhadap kematian pasien adalah usia >40 tahun (Hazard Ratio (HR) 2,3; 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) 1,925-2,629), jenis kelamin laki-laki (HR 1,2; 95% CI 1,047-1,396), pasien kambuh dan lainnya (HR 2,8; 95% CI 2,351-3,339), memiliki komorbid DM (HR 1,4; 95% CI 1,159-1,598), dan status positif HIV (HR 4,7; 95% CI 3,879-5,623). Kesimpulan : Faktor usia, jenis kelamin, riwayat pengobatan, komorbid DM, dan status HIV merupakan faktor kematian pasien TB SO di Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Saran berupa dilakukan audit penyebab kematian dan peningkatan standar prosedur layanan oleh pihak Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi direkomendasikan.
Drug-sensitive tuberculosis (TB SO) is one of the world's leading causes of death. There has been an increase in the deaths of TB SO patients in DKI Jakarta Province. Objective: This study aimed to determine the influence of age, gender, work status, anatomical location classification, treatment history classification, DM comorbidities, and HIV status on the death of TB SO patients during the treatment period in DKI Jakarta Province. Methods: The study design of this research was a retrospective cohort with the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis method. Results: The results showed that the proportion of patient deaths was 4.5% with survival probability was 90.1%. Factors of death were age >40 years (Hazard Ratio (HR) 2.3; 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) 1.925-2.629), male gender (HR 1.2; 95% CI 1.047-1.396), patient relapse and others ( HR 2.8; 95% CI 2.351-3.339), having comorbid DM (HR 1.4; 95% CI 1.159-1.598), and HIV positive (HR 4.7; 95% CI 3.879-5.623). Conclusion: Age, gender, treatment history, comorbid DM, and HIV status are death factors of TB SO patients in DKI Jakarta Province. Suggestions in the form of an audit of the causes of death and improving standard service procedures by the Provincial Health Service are recommended.
Tuberkulosis (TBC) masih menjadi ancaman kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia
yang merupakan negara dengan kasus TBC tertinggi kedua di dunia. Tahun 2023 di DKI Jakarta terjadi peningkatan insiden TBC sebesar 31,75% dibandingkan tahun sebelumnya dan bahkan melebihi target insiden 2023 yang ditetapkan (>54.175 kasus). Penelitian ini merupakan studi cross-sectional yang memanfaatkan data Sistem Informasi Tuberkulosis Komunitas (SITK), dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian TBC paru di Provinsi DKI Jakarta tahun 2022-2023. Sampel penelitian adalah seluruh kontak terduga TBC di Provinsi DKI Jakarta tahun 2022-2023 yang memiliki hasil pemeriksaan TBC. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan lansia (PR = 1,56; 95% CI: 1,473–1,653), laki-laki (PR = 1,37; 95% CI: 1,314–1,441), perokok (PR = 1,28; 95% CI: 1,206–1,367), penderita DM (PR = 1,85; 95% CI: 1,585–2,171), dan pengobatan TBC tidak tuntas (PR = 2,24; 95% CI: 2,121–2,365) merupakan faktor risiko yang signifikan terhadap kejadian TBC paru. Sementara itu kontak serumah (PR = 0,6; 95% CI: 0,538–0,678) memiliki hubungan signifikan yang bersifat protektif terhadap kejadian TBC paru. Sosialisasi upaya berhenti/mengurangi rokok, penyuluhan pencegahan TBC kepada lansia dan penderita DM serta pendampingan pengobatan pasien TBC merupakan upaya yang dapat mencegah terjadinya insiden TBC paru di DKI Jakarta.
Tuberculosis is a major public health threat in Indonesia, which is the second-highest TB burdened country in the world. In 2023, the incidence of TB in Jakarta increased by 31.75% compared to the previous year and even exceeded the 2023 incidence target (>54,175 cases). This study is a cross-sectional study utilizing data from the Community Tuberculosis Information System (SITK), aimed at identifying risk factors associated with pulmonary TB cases in Jakarta Province from 2022 to 2023. The study sample consisted of all suspected TB contacts in Jakarta Province from 2022 to 2023 who had undergone TB testing. The study results showed that older adults (PR = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.473–1.653), males (PR = 1.37; 95% CI: 1.314–1.441), smokers (PR = 1,28; 95% CI: 1,206–1,367), DM patients (PR = 1.85; 95% CI: 1.585–2.171), and incomplete TB treatment (PR = 2.24; 95% CI: 2.121–2.365) were significant risk factors for pulmonary TB incidence. Meanwhile, household contacts (PR = 0.6; 95% CI: 0.538–0.678) have a significant protective association with the occurrence of pulmonary TB. Efforts to promote smoking cessation/reduction, TB prevention education for the elderly and DM patients, and patient accompaniment during TB treatment are measures that can prevent the occurrence of pulmonary TB in Jakarta.
