Obesity is a global health problem with a steadily increasing prevalence, including in Indonesia. Among children and adolescents, obesity is influenced by various factors such as genetics, environment, dietary patterns, and socioeconomic status. However, research specifically focusing on obesity within this age group remains limited. This study aims to examine the prevalence and determinants of obesity among children and adolescents in Indonesia using data from the 2023 Indonesia Health Survey (SKI). A cross-sectional study design was employed, with a total sample of 115,053 household members aged 5–19 years who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results showed an obesity prevalence of 7.9% (95% CI: 7.6–8.1). Factors significantly associated with increased obesity risk included: male gender [AOR 1.56; 95% CI: 1.451–1.678], higher maternal education [AOR 1.197; 95% CI: 1.106–1.296], working mothers [AOR 1.14; 95% CI: 1.063–1.223], urban residence [AOR 1.27; 95% CI: 1.176–1.370], highest socioeconomic status [AOR 1.791; 95% CI: 1.548–2.032], low physical activity [AOR 1.534; 95% CI: 1.230–1.913], consumption of processed food more than once a day [AOR 1.27; 95% CI: 1.009–1.242], and fruit and vegetable intake of at least one portion per day [AOR 1.142; 95% CI: 1.060–1.227]. These findings underscore the importance of targeted health promotion interventions addressing these factors to prevent and control obesity among children and adolescents in Indonesia.  

Penelitian ini membahas begaimana pengaruh pemberian payanan KB terhadap unmet need pada wanita menikah usia 15-49 tahun di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan analisis lanjutan SDKI 2017 dengan menggunakan desain penelitian potongl lintang pada wanita menikah atau tinggal bersama usia 15-49 tahun sebanyak 35.681 wanita yang dianalisis menggunakan uji chi square dan regresi logistik ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian layanan KB yang kurang terakses memiliki kejadian unmet need (11,5%) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pemberian layanan KB yang terakses (6,9%). Kurang teraksesnya pemberian layanan KB dalam memberikan informasi tentang KB kepada wanita menikah usia 15-49 tahun memiliki peluang 2,269 lebih tinggi untuk mengalami unmet need setelah di kontrol oleh variabel status pekerjaan, wilayah tempat tinggal dan jumlah anak hidup (IK 95%= 1,948-2,642). Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan peningkatan pemberian layanan KB dalam pemberian informasi KB agar masyarakat sebagai klien dapat dengan mudah mengakses informasi mengenani KB terutama bagi wanita yang bekerja, tinggal diperkotaan dan memiliki beberapa anak, sehingga dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran untuk menggunakan KB dengan pilihan KB yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan.

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This study was conducted to assess the extent of the effect of family planning services delivery on unmet needs in married women aged 15-49 years in Indonesia. Unmet need is a phenomenon in the area of ​​population that requires serious and immediate handling because it can hamper the increase in CPR and decrease TFR, population growth rate, MMR, and IMR. The provision of family planning services delivery is important in meeting one's needs for using family planning by selecting the right family planning tool according to their needs, to overcome unmet need. This study is an advanced analysis of the 2017 IDHS by using a cross-sectional study design of married or living women aged 15-49 as many as 35,681 women analyzed using the chi-square test and multiple logistic regression, with unmet need as the dependent variable and KB service delivery as a variable independent, as well as several confounding variables. The results showed that the provision of family planning services delivery that were less accessible by respondents had a risk of 2.269 to experience unmet needs compared to those accessed (95% CI = 1.948- 2,642). Therefore, it is necessary to increase the provision of family planning services in providing family planning information so that clients can easily access information about family planning, especially for women who work, live in urban areas and have several children, to increase knowledge and awareness to use family planning according to needs.

Pada tahun 2023, lebih dari 50% kasus baru HIV di Indonesia berada di pulau jawa. Berdasarkan faktor risiko yang teridentifikasi, penyebaran terbesar berasal dari homoseksual 31% yang terdiri atas 30% kelompok LSL dan 1% Waria. Studi ini bertujuan untuk dapat mengetahui apa determinan sosial perilaku yang berhubungan dengan kejadian HIV pada kelompok LSL dan Waria di Pulau Jawa berdasarkan data STBP 2018. Desain Studi yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan pendekatan studi cross-sectional pada 2555 responden LSL dan 1967 responden Waria. Hasil studi ini menunjukkan prevalensi HIV pada kelompok LSL di Pulau Jawa sebesar 19%, dan pada kelompok Waria sebesar 13,6%. Pada kelompok LSL, Usia ≥ 26 Tahun, status perkawinan yang belum kawin, status sifilis positif, dan status TBC positif merupakan faktor risiko pada kejadian HIV pada kelompok LSL di Pulau Jawa. Positif TBC menjadi faktor risiko paling dominan dengan peluang sebesar 3x meningkatkan terinfeksi HIV. Sementara itu, pada kelompok Waria, pengetahuan HIV yang rendah, penggunaan NAPZA suntik, status sifilis positif dan status TBC positif merupakan faktor risiko pada kejadian HIV pada kelompok Waria di Pulau Jawa. Positif sifilis menjadi faktor risiko paling dominan dengan peluang sebesar 3,8x meningkatkan terinfeksi HIV. Kementerian kesehatan dapat meningkatkan layanan berupa petunjuk teknis (Juknis) layanan terpadu HIV-Sifilis-TBC khusus populasi kunci atau pedoman peran layanan berbasis komunitas. Selain itu peningkatakan integrasi layanan pengobatan baik IMS maupun TB dengan HIV dapat dilakukan untuk memudahkan LSL dan Waria. LSM dapat meningkatkan layanan skrining "Jemput Bola" di ruang aman, serta meningkatkan pengetahuan HIV yang komprehensif pada Waria seperti pertemuan berkala dan juga penentuan community leader. Memperkuat upaya pendampingan untuk meningkatkan akses dan retensi layanan HIV, IMS, dan TB bagi LSL dan Waria

Java Island, as the most populous region in Indonesia, has become the epicenter of HIV/AIDS transmission. In 2023, it was reported that more than 50% of newly identified HIV cases in Indonesia occurred in Java. Based on identified risk factors, the largest proportion of cases (31%) was attributed to homosexual transmission, comprising 30% among men who have sex with men (MSM) and 1% among transgender women. This study aims to identify the social and behavioral determinants associated with HIV infection among MSM and transgender women in Java, using data from the 2018 Integrated Biological and Behavioral Survey (IBBS). The study employed a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach involving 2,555 MSM and 1,967 transgender women respondents. The findings showed that HIV prevalence among MSM in Java was 19%, while among transgender women it was 13.6%. Among MSM, the significant risk factors for HIV infection were age ≥ 26 years, being unmarried, positive syphilis status, and positive tuberculosis (TB) status. TB was the most dominant risk factor, increasing the likelihood of HIV infection by threefold. Among transgender women, risk factors included low HIV knowledge, injecting drug use, positive syphilis status, and positive TB status. Syphilis was identified as the most dominant risk factor, increasing the risk of HIV infection by 3.8 times. The Ministry of Health needs encouraged to enhance services through the development of integrated technical guidelines for HIV–Syphilis–TB services tailored to key populations, as well as community-based service frameworks. Detection and treatment services for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and TB should be integrated and made specifically accessible to MSM and transgender women. Civil society organizations can strengthen community-based screening services through mobile outreach strategies in safe spaces and increase comprehensive HIV knowledge among transgender women through regular meetings and the empowerment of community leaders. Strengthening peer support and outreach programs is also crucial to improve access to and retention in HIV, STI, and TB services for MSM and transgender populations.