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Pharmaceutical supplies must be managed well for the smooth running of hospital services and finances. Management of hospital pharmaceutical supplies starts from the flow of planning and procurement of medicines in the hospital. An appropriate planning system is needed for managing planning and supplies in hospitals so that efficiency in the drug procurement process can be achieved. Hermina Medan Hospital made changes to its medicine planning system from initially using a min-max system to a Pareto system. This research aims to compare the level of efficiency of the two systems. This research was conducted using operational research on drug samples resulting from ABC analysis and combining qualitative methods. The results of ABC analysis based on usage values during August and September 2023 showed that category A drugs represent 80% of the total value of UHC drug supplies in pharmacy installations. The research results show that by comparing calculations for planning the procurement of category A drugs using the Pareto and min-max systems, the total inventory cost is lower using the min-max system. Procurement planning using a min-max system can be better if the calculation of drug use is routinely controlled and the procurement planning process is assisted by a better information system. It is hoped that the research can be continued for a longer period so that inventory cost assessments can be more accurate.
ABSTRAK Nama : Ainurinsan Amaludin Program Studi : Kajian Administrasi Rumah Sakit Judul : Efisiensi Pengadaan dan Penyimpanan Obat dalam Penyusunan Rencana Pengadaan Obat di RSUD Pasar Minggu Masalah terkait pengadaan obat di rumah sakit kerapkali terjadi, tidak terkecuali di RSUD Pasar Minggu. Masalah pengadaan obat yang sering terjadi di RSUD Pasar Minggu adalah peningkatan anggaran obat, seringnya terjadi kekosongan stok obat, dan lead time pengadaan obat yang relatif lama. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya efisiensi pengadaan dan penyimpanan obat dalam penyusunan rencana kebutuhan obat untuk memperlancar kegiatan operasional dan meningkatkan mutu pelayanan kesehatan. Bentuk penelitian ini adalah riset operasional dengan metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif untuk menyusun upaya efisiensi baik dari pendekatan farmasi dan non farmasi. Pendekatan farmasi dilakukan dengan mengelompokkan obat menurut Analisis ABC nilai investasi kemudian membandingkan beberapa model inventori demi mendapatkan model dengan total biaya pengadaan dan penyimpanan obat terkecil, sementara pendekatan non farmasi melalui upaya manajemen formularium. Hasil Analisis ABC nilai investasi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 34 jumlah obat kelompok A yang menjadi fokus utama efisiensi pengendalian biaya obat. Obat kelompok A tersebut kemudian dihitung perencanaan kebutuhannya dengan menggunakan model inventori Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) untuk menghasilkan perhitungan total biaya pengadaan dan penyimpanan obat (TIC) terkecil. Untuk mengantisipasi kejadian kekosongan stok obat dilakukan dengen menentukan nilai safety stock yang mempertimbangkan jumlah pemakaian dan lead time masing – masing obat. Kata kunci: Analisis ABC; Efisiensi; EOQ; TIC.
ABSTRACT Name : Ainurinsan Amaludin Program of Study : Hospital Administration Study Title : Medication Procurement and Inventory Efficiency in Planning Medication Procurement in RSUD Pasar Minggu Problems related to procuring medication often occur in hospital, including in RSUD Pasar Minggu. The problems involved are increased medication budget, the frequent occurrence of out of stock medication, and relatively long medication procurement lead time. Therefore, it is necessary to determine efforts to maximize efficiency in medication procurement and inventory in planning medication needs so that operational activities can be reinforced and the quality of health service can be improved. This is an operational research with qualitative and quantitative method to establish efficiency efforts both from pharmaceutical and nonpharmaceutical approaches. Pharmaceutical approach involves doing ABC Analysis to group the medication based on its investment values. Then, three inventory models will be compared to get the model with the lowest total inventory cost (TIC). Meanwhile, nonpharmaceutical approach is done by formulary management efforts. ABC Analysis of investment value indicates that group A medication consist of 34 items. Those items become the main focus of medication cost containment. The medication needs for group A are then calculated by Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) model to generate the lowest TIC. In addition, safety stock calculation that determines not only the demand of the medication but also the procurement lead time of each drug is vital to anticipate the occurrence of out of stock medication. Keywords: ABC Analysis; Efficiency; EOQ; TIC.
Manajemen farmasi yang efektif berperan krusial bagi operasional rumah sakit, serta memengaruhi statusnya sebagai cost center atau revenue center. Rumah Sakit Utama merupakan rumah sakit di wilayah kepulauan yang sering menghadapi tantangan dalam variabilitas waktu pengiriman obat, sehingga IFRS Utama memerlukan sistem logistik farmasi yang baik untuk menjamin ketersediaan obat secara efisien. Penelitian ini menganalisis sistem perencanaan dan pengendalian obat di RS Utama saat ini, sekaligus mengevaluasi potensi peningkatannya dengan mensimulasikan penerapan metode ABC Indeks Kritis (yang mengklasifikasikan obat menjadi kategori A, B, C berdasarkan data penggunaan periode Oktober 2024 – Maret 2025) yang dikombinasikan dengan perhitungan safety stock, reorder point, dan economic order quantity secara spesifik untuk obat Kategori A. Model perencanaan dan pengendalian perbekalan farmasi usulan ini kemudian disimulasikan dan kinerjanya dibandingkan dengan metode yang saat ini digunakan oleh rumah sakit, dengan evaluasi terfokus pada dampaknya terhadap nilai persediaan dan Inventory Turnover Ratio (ITOR) obat kategori A Indeks Kritis. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa metode yang diusulkan, berpotensi menghasilkan penurunan substansial pada rata-rata nilai persediaan serta peningkatan ITOR . Penelitian ini diharapkan memberikan kontribusi empiris dan landasan strategis bagi RS Utama dalam upaya optimalisasi sistem manajemen logistik farmasi, guna meningkatkan efisiensi operasional dan menjamin ketersediaan obat secara lebih efektif.
Kata kunci : ABC Indeks Kritis, safety stock, reorder point, economic order quantity, nilai persediaan, inventory turn over.
Effective pharmaceutical management is vital, determining whether the pharmacy as a cost or revenue center. For Utama Hospital, operating in an archipelagic region with variable drug delivery times, a highly efficient pharmaceutical logistics system at its Pharmacy Installation is essential for ensuring consistent and efficient drug availability. This study, therefore, analyzes Utama Hospital's current drug planning and control system, exploring potential improvements by simulating a new model that integrates an ABC-Criticality Index classification with calculations for safety stock, reorder point, and economic order quantity (EOQ). To achieve this, the research methodology involved analyzing drug usage data (October 2024 – March 2025), classifying drugs into categories A, B, and C using an ABC-Criticality Index approach, and then calculating key inventory parameters—safety stock, reorder point, and EOQ—specifically for Category A drugs. The proposed pharmaceutical supply planning and control model, incorporating these parameters, was subsequently simulated. Its performance was then benchmarked against the hospital's current methods, with a focused evaluation on changes to inventory value and the Inventory Turnover Ratio (ITOR) for these critical Category A drugs. The simulation revealed that the proposed method holds strong potential for substantially decreasing average inventory value while significantly boosting the ITOR. This research aims to offer an empirical contribution and strategic framework, enabling Utama Hospital to optimize its pharmaceutical logistics for enhanced operational efficiency and more effective, timely drug availability. Keywords: ABC-Criticality Index, safety stock, reorder point, economic order quantity, inventory value, inventory turnover