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The prevalence of illicit drug use among adolescents in Indonesia still needs to be reduced. Previous studies have suggested that family is a protective factor against illicit drug use. This study examined the role of family social capital against illicit drug use. The study analyzed secondary data. A total of 31,439 adolescents aged 10 24 years old and not yet married were involved in the present study. This study created an index of family social capital that was grouped in four dimensions from 14 variables. The cumulative explained of Principle Component Analysis was 61.8%. The findings showed that family social capital plays a protective factor against illicit drug use. However, when controlled by two permissive behaviors, it was shown that the older the adolescents, the stronger and more consistent the effect of family social capital. Other findings, family social capital did not directly affect illicit drug use, but the pathway was through two permissive behaviors. This study encourages illicit drug use prevention programs that involve the dimensions of family social capital and accommodate the development age of adolescents. In addition, the program should synergize with other risk behavior prevention programs
Latar belakang: Keberhasilan ASI eksklusif di Indonesia masih rendah. Self-efficacy ayah dan ibu berperan penting dalam praktik menyusui. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan model prediksi penghentian ASI eksklusif pada 0-12 postpartum menggunakan Paternal dan Maternal BSE framework.
Metode: Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Studi kualitatif menggunakan FGD terhadap 5 informan ayah secara purposive dengan tujuan menggali infomasi mengenai paternal BSE. Desain studi kuantitatif longitudinal bertujuan mengevaluasi model penelitian. Sebanyak 201 pasangan yang bersalin di rumah sakit ibu dan anak di Kota Tangerang Selatan berhasil diikuti sampai 12 minggu postpartum. Data kuantitatif dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan dianalisis menggunakan SEM-PLS untuk menguji pengaruh antar variabel dan mendapatkan nilai prediktif model.
Hasil: Instrumen Paternal BSE dan sumber self-efficacy ayah valid dan reliabel. Faktor signifikan yang berpengaruh terhadap penghentian ASI eksklusif meliputi paternal BSE, maternal BSE, pengalaman ayah, pengalaman ibu, persuasi verbal bagi ibu, kondisi fisik emosi ibu, usia ibu, frekuensi ANC, dan tipe keluarga. Secara tidak langsung, ada pengaruh pengalaman ayah terhadap penghentian ASI eksklusif melalui paternal dan maternal BSE.
Simpulan: Model paternal-maternal BSE dapat memprediksi penghentian ASI eksklusif dengan baik.
Saran: Penghentian ASI eksklusif dapat dicegah dengan melibatkan ayah secara aktif melalui edukasi, pendampingan, dan penguatan paternal BSE sejak masa kehamilan.
Background: The rate of exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia remains low. Both paternal and maternal self-efficacy play a crucial role in supporting breastfeeding practices. This study aims to develop a predictive model for exclusive breastfeeding cessation during the first 0–12 months postpartum using the Paternal and Maternal Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy (BSE) framework.
Methods: This study employed both qualitative and quantitative methods. The qualitative phase involved focus group discussions (FGDs) with five purposively selected fathers to explore aspects of paternal BSE. The quantitative phase used a longitudinal design to evaluate the proposed model. A total of 201 couples who delivered at a maternal and child hospital in South Tangerang City were followed up to 12 weeks postpartum. Quantitative data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed with Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to examine relationships between variables and assess model predictive.
Results: The Paternal BSE instrument and sources of paternal self-efficacy were found to be valid and reliable. Significant factors influencing exclusive breastfeeding cessation included paternal BSE, maternal BSE, fathers’ experience, mothers’ experience, verbal persuasion for mothers, mothers’ physical and emotional condition, maternal age, antenatal care (ANC) frequency, and family type. Indirectly, there was a relationship between fathers’ experience and exclusive breastfeeding cessation through paternal and maternal BSE.
Conclusion: The paternal-maternal BSE model effectively predicts exclusive breastfeeding cessation.
Recommendation: Exclusive breastfeeding cessation can be prevented by actively involving fathers through education, support, and strengthening paternal BSE starting from pregnancy.
Hipertensi merupakan salah satu kondisi medis yang cukup serius karena dapat meningkatkan risiko penyakit jantung, otak, ginjal dan penyakit lainnya. Wilayah di DKI Jakarta dengan prevalensi hipertensi tertinggi berdasarkan diagnosis dokter yaitu Kota Jakarta Pusat sebesar 12,16%. Partikulat meter organik dan komponen partikulat meter dapat memicu proinflammatory effects pada paru-paru karena kemampuannya mengakibatkan stress oksidatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyusun model pengaruh pajanan PM2,5 di udara ambien terhadap kejadian hipertensi melalui stress oksidatif dan sitokin inflamasi pada penduduk di Jakarta Pusat. Penelitian dilakukan pada penduduk dewasa (18-65 tahun) di Kota Jakarta Pusat dengan disain studi hybrid cross sectional ecology. Pengumpulan data secara cluster random sampling dengan analisis data dilakukan melalui pemodelan regresi logistik multilevel dan cox regresi proporsional hazard.
Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat asosiasi antara PM2,5 di udara ambien dengan biomarker stress oksidatif (IOR PM2,5: 2,185173-2,185176) dan dengan biomarker sitokin inflamasi (IOR PM2,5: 1,21-1,91). Pemodelan multivariat dengan cox regresi proporsional hazard menunjukkan bahwa variabel umur dan indeks massa tubuh merupakan confounder hubungan antara stress oksidatif dengan hipertensi dan antara sitokin inflamasi dengan hipertensi dengan nilai Rasio Prevalens adjusted (95% CI) masing-masing sebesar 1,19 (0,69-2,03) dan 0,99 (0,58-1,72). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa variabel konsentrasi PM2,5 di udara ambien memiliki peran terhadap terjadinya hipertensi, stress oksidatif dan sitokin inflamasi pada penduduk di Jakarta Pusat.
Hypertension is a serious medical condition that can increase the risk of heart, brain, kidney and other diseases. The area in DKI Jakarta with the highest prevalence of hypertension based on doctor diagnosis is Central Jakarta city about 12.16%. Organic particulate matters and particulate matter components can trigger proinflammatory efects in the lung due to their ability to cause oxidative stress. This study aims to develop a model of the Influence of PM2,5 Exposure in Ambient Air on Hypertension Occurrence through Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Cytokines among residents in Central Jakarta. The study was conducted among adult residents (age 18-65 years) in Central Jakarta with hybrid cross sectional study design. Data collected using cluster random sampling with data analysis carried out through multilevel logistic regression modeling and cox proportional hazard regression. Results show there is an association between PM2.5 in ambient air with oxidative stress biomarkers (IOR PM2.5: 2.185173-2.185176) and with inflammatory cytokine biomarkers (IOR PM2.5: 1.21-1.91). Multivariate modeling with Cox regression proportional hazard shows that age and body mass index are confounders of the relationship between oxidative stress with hypertension and between inflammatory cytokines with hypertension with an adjusted prevalence ratio (95% CI) value of 1.19 (0.69-2.03) and 0.99 (0.58-1.72). It can conclude that concentration of PM2.5 in ambient air has a role on hypertension, oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokine among residents in Central Jakarta.
