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Yosephine Emilia Regina; Pembimbing: Putri Bungsu; Penguji: Trisari Anggondowati, Gertrudis Tandy
Abstrak:
Latar belakang: Pneumonia adalah salah satu penyebab terbesar kematian balita di Indonesia dengan angka kematian 2.200 balita tiap harinya. Imunisasi Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) merupakan upaya pencegahan paling efektif terhadap pneumonia pada anak. Sejak diperkenalkan pada 2017 di Lombok dan 2019 di Bangka Belitung, imunisasi PCV telah diperluas secara bertahap ke beberapa provinsi dan resmi dimasukkan ke program imunisasi rutin nasional pada September 2022. Akan tetapi, hingga akhir 2023, cakupan imunisasi PCV lengkap pada anak di Indonesia baru mencapai 62,7%, jauh di bawah target nasional (100%). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara faktor pendukung, pendorong, dan pemungkin dengan status kelengkapan imunisasi PCV pada anak usia 12-23 bulan di Indonesia. Metode: Studi ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan total sampling diperoleh 9.675 anak usia 12–23 bulan yang menjadi responden SKI 2023. Analisis dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-square dan regresi logistik sederhana. Hasil: Cakupan imunisasi PCV lengkap nasional pada anak usia 12-23 bulan adalah 32,1%. Faktor yang signifikan berasosiasi dengan kelengkapan imunisasi PCV meliputi memiliki akses ke fasilitas kesehatan yang mudah (OR = 7,71; 95% CI = 5,54-10,73), berstatus imunisasi dasar lengkap (OR = 5,87; 95% CI = 5,29-6,51), tinggal di Kep. Sunda Kecil (OR = 2,69; 95% CI = 2,03-3,56), lahir ditolong oleh tenaga kesehatan (OR = 2,62; 95% CI = 1,23-5,58), memiliki catatan imunisasi (OR = 2,18; 95% CI = 1,92-2,47), dan dilahirkan di fasilitas kesehatan (OR = 2,13; 95% CI: 1,76–2,60). Kesimpulan: Besarnya nilai odds pada anak yang memiliki akses ke fasilitas kesehatan yang mudah menyiratkan bahwa pemerintah masing-masing daerah perlu mengurangi kesenjangan akses ke layanan kesehatan seperti menambah infrastruktur kesehatan di daerah dengan akses sulit dan menyediakan subsidi transportasi atau layanan imunisasi keliling bagi masyarakat dari daerah yang sulit dijangkau.
Background: Pneumonia is one of the biggest causes of under-five deaths in Indonesia with 2,200 under-five deaths per day. Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) immunization is the most effective preventive measure against childhood pneumonia. Since its introduction in 2017 in Lombok and 2019 in Bangka Belitung, PCV immunization has been gradually expanded to several provinces and was officially included in the national routine immunization program in September 2022. However, by the end of 2023, complete PCV immunization coverage among children in Indonesia will only reach 62.7%, far below the national target (100%). This study aimed to analyze the association between predisposing, reinforcing, and enabling factors with PCV immunization completeness among children aged 12-23 months in Indonesia. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design with total sampling obtained 9,675 children aged 12-23 months who were respondents of SKI 2023. Univariate and bivariate analyses were conducted using the Chi-square test and simple logistic regression. Results: The national complete PCV immunization coverage in children aged 12-23 months was 32.1%. Factors significantly associated with PCV immunization completeness are having easy access to health facilities (OR = 7.71; 95% CI = 5.54-10.73), having complete basic immunization status (OR = 5.87; 95% CI = 5.29-6.51), living in Lesser Sunda Island (OR = 2.69; 95% CI = 2.03-3.56), was born assisted by a health worker (OR = 2.62; 95% CI = 1.23-5.58), had an immunization record (OR = 2.18; 95% CI = 1.92-2.47), and was born in a health facility (OR = 2.13; 95% CI: 1.76-2.60). Conclusion: The large odds ratio for children with easy access to health facilities implies that each local government needs to reduce disparities in access to health services such as adding health infrastructure in areas with difficult access and providing transportation subsidies or mobile immunization services for people from hard-to-reach areas.
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Background: Pneumonia is one of the biggest causes of under-five deaths in Indonesia with 2,200 under-five deaths per day. Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) immunization is the most effective preventive measure against childhood pneumonia. Since its introduction in 2017 in Lombok and 2019 in Bangka Belitung, PCV immunization has been gradually expanded to several provinces and was officially included in the national routine immunization program in September 2022. However, by the end of 2023, complete PCV immunization coverage among children in Indonesia will only reach 62.7%, far below the national target (100%). This study aimed to analyze the association between predisposing, reinforcing, and enabling factors with PCV immunization completeness among children aged 12-23 months in Indonesia. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design with total sampling obtained 9,675 children aged 12-23 months who were respondents of SKI 2023. Univariate and bivariate analyses were conducted using the Chi-square test and simple logistic regression. Results: The national complete PCV immunization coverage in children aged 12-23 months was 32.1%. Factors significantly associated with PCV immunization completeness are having easy access to health facilities (OR = 7.71; 95% CI = 5.54-10.73), having complete basic immunization status (OR = 5.87; 95% CI = 5.29-6.51), living in Lesser Sunda Island (OR = 2.69; 95% CI = 2.03-3.56), was born assisted by a health worker (OR = 2.62; 95% CI = 1.23-5.58), had an immunization record (OR = 2.18; 95% CI = 1.92-2.47), and was born in a health facility (OR = 2.13; 95% CI: 1.76-2.60). Conclusion: The large odds ratio for children with easy access to health facilities implies that each local government needs to reduce disparities in access to health services such as adding health infrastructure in areas with difficult access and providing transportation subsidies or mobile immunization services for people from hard-to-reach areas.
S-11824
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Khadijah Qurrata Ayun; Pembimbing: Asri C. Adisasmita; Penguji: Nurhayati Adnan, Antony Azarsyah
Abstrak:
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Gangguan kesehatan gigi dan mulut memiliki angka yang cukup tinggi di Indonesia menjadi faktor risiko penyakit tidak menular sehingga dapat meningkatkan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas di Indonesia. Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara dengan penduduk usia produktif yang tinggi sehingga gangguan kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang dapat mempengaruhi produktivitas perlu untuk ditangani. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui proporsi dan determinan yang mempengaruhi kejadian gangguan kesehatan gigi dan mulut pada masyarakat usia produktif di Indonesia berdasarkan hasil SKI 2023. Penelitian ini berdesain studi cross-sectional menggunakan data Survei Kesehatan Indonesia 2018. Sebanyak 486.994 subjek memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil analisis multivariat model prediksi dengan regresi cox menunjukkan bahwa usia, jenis kelamin laki-laki, pendidikan rendah, sering konsumsi makanan manis, sering konsumsi minuman manis, merokok, konsumsi minuman beralkohol, dan frekuensi sikat gigi <2x/hari merupakan prediktor gangguan kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Modifikasi gaya hidup dan menerapkan perilaku kebersihan gigi sejak dini dapat dilakukan untuk mencegah tingkat keparahan. Perlunya peran pemerintah dalam memperkuat regulasi dengan koordinasi lintas sektor untuk menurunkan angka gangguan kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang dimulai pada tahap promotif dan preventif.
Dental and oral health disorders have a fairly high rate in Indonesia, becoming a risk factor for non-communicable diseases that can increase morbidity and mortality rates in Indonesia. Indonesia is one of the countries with an abundant productive age population, so dental and oral health disorders that can affect productivity need to be addressed. This study aims to determine the proportion and determinants that influence the incidence of dental and oral health disorders in productive age people in Indonesia based on the results of the 2023 SKI. This study was a cross-sectional study design using data from the 2018 Indonesian Health Survey. A total of 486,994 subjects met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results of the multivariate analysis of the prediction model with cox regression showed that age, male gender, low education, frequent consumption of sweet foods, frequent consumption of sweet drinks, smoking, consumption of alcoholic beverages, and frequency of toothbrushing
Dental and oral health disorders have a fairly high rate in Indonesia, becoming a risk factor for non-communicable diseases that can increase morbidity and mortality rates in Indonesia. Indonesia is one of the countries with an abundant productive age population, so dental and oral health disorders that can affect productivity need to be addressed. This study aims to determine the proportion and determinants that influence the incidence of dental and oral health disorders in productive age people in Indonesia based on the results of the 2023 SKI. This study was a cross-sectional study design using data from the 2018 Indonesian Health Survey. A total of 486,994 subjects met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results of the multivariate analysis of the prediction model with cox regression showed that age, male gender, low education, frequent consumption of sweet foods, frequent consumption of sweet drinks, smoking, consumption of alcoholic beverages, and frequency of toothbrushing
T-7427
Depok : FKM-UI, 2025
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Hanna Audila; Pembimbing: Helda; Penguji: Sudarto Ronoatmodjo, Ratna Djuwita, Sugiharti
Abstrak:
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Latar belakang: Masalah gizi stunting masih menjadi isu kesehatan masyarakat yang utama. Prevalensi stunting di Indonesia khususnya, pada bayi di bawah dua tahun (baduta) masih tergolong tinggi yakni 18.50%. Angka laju penurunan stunting pada baduta cenderung lamban dalam periode 10 tahun terakhir. Diperlukannya optimalisasi intervensi stunting terutama pada 1000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan (HPK) salah satunya, melalui pemeriksaan kehamilan (antenatal care).
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara kualitas pemeriksaan kehamilan terhadap kejadian stunting pada anak usia 6-23 bulan di Indonesia setelah di kontrol oleh variable lainnya pada ibu yakni; faktor sosiodemografi, kesehatan kehamilan dan kesehatan anak.
Metode: Studi ini berdesain cross-sectional, dimana faktor paparan dan outcome diukur pada satu waktu. Data yang digunakan adalah data Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) tahun 2023. Mengikutsertakan sebanyak 18.898 anak berusia 6-23 bulan yang ibunya sedang tidak hamil dan memiliki data pemeriksaan kehamilan lengkap pada instrumen SKI tahun 2023. Analisis hubungan menggunakan cog regression sedangkan, pada pengontrolan hubungan variable menggunakan metode time-dependent dan backward-elimination.
Hasil: Anak berusia 6-23 bulan di Indonesia yang ibunya tidak melakukan pemeriksaan kehamilan berkualitas berisiko 1.23 kali (aPR = 1.230, 95%CI: 1.111-1.361, p-value = 0,000) mengalami stunting setelah di kontrol oleh variabel kovariat lainnya.
Kesimpulan: Melakukan ANC minimal 4 kali dan menerima pelayanan ANC yang berkualitas dapat menurunkan resiko stunting pada baduta di Indoensia.
Background: Child stunting is still be a major public health issue in Indonesia, expecially in toddlers (child aged 6-23 months). The prevalence of stunting among toddlers remains relatively high, 18.50%. The annual average rate of reduction (AARR) of stunting has been steadily slow over the last past 10 years. Therefore, it is crucial to optimize the stunting interventions, predominantly during the first 1000 days of life, one of the ways is through the antenatal care. Objectives: This study aims to analyze the relationship between the quality of antenatal care and the incidence of stunting in children aged 6-23 monts in Indonesia, after being controlled by the other variable, such are; sociodemographic factors, pregnANCy health and child health. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, in which both of the exposures and the outcome are being measured at the same point of time. The data used are from the Indonesi Health Survey in 2023. There are 18.898 children aged 6-23 months were included, whose mothers were not pregnant and had a fulfilled of antenatal care data, in the SKI 2023 instrument. The association analysis was conducted by cog regression while the time-dependent methods and backward elimination were conducted to to control those variables. Findings: Child aged 6-23 monthss old in Indonesia, whose mothers did not receive four visit of antenatal care have a 1.23 times higher risk (aPR = 1.230, 95%CI: 1.111-1.361, p-value 0.000) of experiencing stunting, after controlling for the other covariate variables. Conclusions: Receiving at least four antenatal care (ANC) visits, and accessing quality ANC services can reduce the risk of stunting among children aged 6-23 months- old in Indonesia.
B-2530
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Sekar Astrika Fardani; Pembimbing: Tri Yunis Miko Wahyono; Penguji: Renti Mahkota, Yovsyah, Eksi Wijayanti
Abstrak:
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Penyakit infeksi merupakan ancaman yang signifikan dan menyebabkan kematian pada anak-anak dalam jumlah besar. Penyakit infeksi berkontribusi terhadap 47,6% penyebab kematian pada balita tahun 2019 di dunia dan lebih dari 22% penyebab kematian pada balita di Indonesia tahun 2021. Riwayat imunisasi dasar dan stunting memiliki peranan penting terhadap risiko terjadinya penyakit infeksi pada anak usia di bawah dua tahun. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat hubungan riwayat imunisasi dasar dan stunting dengan risiko penyakit infeksi pada anak usia 12 – 23 bulan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan desain studi cross-sectional menggunakan data sekunder SSGI-2022. Terdapat 53.585 responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi-eksklusi penelitian dan dijadikan sebagai sampel penelitian. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji cox regression constant time dengan ukuran asosiasi prevalence ratio (PR) dan interval kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan proporsi anak usia 12 – 23 bulan yang menderita penyakit infeksi sebesar 12,67%, proporsi riwayat imunisasi dasar lengkap sebesar 71,63% dan proporsi stunting sebesar 21,28%. Pada analisis multivariat didapatkan riwayat imunisasi dasar berhubungan signifikan dengan penyakit infeksi setelah dikontrol oleh variabel interaksi riwayat imunisasi dasar dan ASI eksklusif. Anak usia 12 – 23 bulan dengan riwayat imunisasi dasar tidak lengkap dan tidak mendapatkan ASI eksklusif memiliki risiko 1,34 kali lebih besar untuk menderita penyakit infeksi dibandingkan anak usia 12 – 23 bulan dengan riwayat imunisasi dasar lengkap dan mendapatkan ASI eksklusif (adjusted PR 1,34; 95% CI 1,24 – 1,43). Anak usia 12 – 23 bulan yang memiliki riwayat imunisasi dasar tidak lengkap tetapi mendapatkan ASI eksklusif berisiko 1,47 kali lebih tinggi untuk menderita penyakit infeksi dibandingkan anak yang memiliki riwayat imunisasi dasar lengkap dan mendapatkan ASI eksklusif (adjusted PR 1,47; 95% CI 1,37 – 1,58). Sedangkan untuk variabel stunting didapatkan tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara stunting dan penyakit infeksi setelah dikontrol oleh variabel wasting (adjusted PR 1,05; 95% CI 0,99 – 1,11). Diperlukan upaya untuk melengkapi riwayat imunisasi anak serta pemenuhan asupan gizi dan pemantauan tumbuh kembang anak secara optimal.
Infectious diseases are a significant threat and the leading cause of death in many children. Infectious diseases contributed for 47.6% of the causes of under-five deaths in 2019 globally and more than 22% of the causes of under-five deaths in Indonesia in 2021. History of basic immunization and stunting play an important role in the risk of infectious diseases in children. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between history of basic immunization and stunting with the risk of infectious diseases among toddlers aged 12 – 23 months in Indonesia. This study was conducted with a cross-sectional study design using SSGI-2022 data. There were 53,585 respondents who met the research inclusion-exclusion criteria used as samples. Data analysis was performed using cox regression constant time to obtain a prevalence ratio (PR) with 95% confidence interval. The results of this study show that the proportion of infectious diseases among toddlers aged 12 - 23 months is 12.67%, the proportion of complete basic immunization history is 71.63% and the proportion of stunting is 21.28%. Multivariate analysis was found that history of basic immunization had significantly association with infectious diseases after being controlled by the interaction variable history of basic immunization and exclusive breastfeeding. Toddlers aged 12 – 23 months with incomplete basic immunization and were not receive exclusive breastfeding have 1.34 times higher risk of suffering from infectious diseases compared to toddlers with complete basic immunization and receive exclusive breasfeeding (adjusted PR 1.34; 95% CI 1.24 – 1.43). Toddlers aged 12 – 23 months with incomplete basic immunization but were exclusively breastfed have 1.47 times higher risk of suffering from infectious diseases compared to toddlers with complete basic immunization and receive exclusive breasfeeding (adjusted PR 1.47; 95% CI 1.37 – 1.58). Meanwhile, for stunting variable, it was found that there was no significant asscociation between stunting and infectious diseases after being controlled for the wasting variable (adjusted PR 1.05; 95% CI 0.99 – 1.11). Efforts are needed to complete the child's immunization history as well as fulfill the child's nutritional intake and monitor the child's growth and development optimally.
T-6930
Depok : FKM-UI, 2024
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Melinda Ariyanti; Pembimbing: Syahrizal Syarif; Penguji: Putri Bungsu, Mugia Bayu Rahardja
S-9940
Depok : FKM-UI, 2019
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Atikah Salsabila; Pembimbing: Sudarto Ronoatmodjo; Penguji: Tri Yunis Miko Wahyono, Soewarta Kosen, Meilina Farikha
Abstrak:
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Tuberkulosis Paru merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia, dengan insidens yang meningkat. Merokok diketahui menjadi faktor risiko signifikan dalam perkembangan TB Paru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara status merokok dengan kejadian TB Paru pada laki-laki usia > 18 tahun di Indonesia menggunakan data Survei Kesehatan Indonesia tahun 2023. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross-sectional dengan pendekatan analisis multivariat untuk mengontrol variabel kovariat seperti usia, pendidikan, pekerjaan, status ekonomi, status gizi, tempat tinggal, dan diabetes mellitus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara status merokok dan TB paru, individu yang merokok memiliki hubungan protektif terhadap TB dibandingkan yang tidak merokok dengan POR sebesar 0,68 (95% CI: 0,58–0,75). Konsumsi rokok 1–11 batang per hari memiliki POR sebesar 0,92 (95% CI: 0,76–1,12), sedangkan konsumsi lebih dari 11 batang per hari memiliki POR sebesar 0,70 (95% CI: 0,53–0,93). Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa laki-laki yang merokok selama 1–25 tahun memiliki POR sebesar 0,49 (95% CI: 0,39–0,61) dengan p-value = 0,000. Pada perokok dengan durasi lebih dari 25 tahun, hubungan tidak signifikan secara statistik (p-value = 0,593) dengan POR sebesar 1,07 (95% CI: 0,82–1,40), yang menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna dalam peluang kejadian TB Paru dibandingkan yang tidak merokok. Analisis menunjukkan hubungan tidak biasa antara merokok dan TB paru, berbeda dari literatur yang umumnya melaporkan peningkatan risiko pada perokok. Hasil ini dapat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor seperti populasi, kualitas data, dan bias informasi, sehingga perlu kehati-hatian dalam interpretasi. Merokok tetap diketahui meningkatkan risiko dan memperburuk progresi TB.
Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) remains a public health concern in Indonesia, with an increasing incidence rate. Smoking is recognized as a significant risk factor in the development of pulmonary TB. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between smoking status and the incidence of pulmonary TB among males aged >18 years in Indonesia, using data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey. The study employed a cross-sectional design with multivariate analysis to control for covariates such as age, education, occupation, socioeconomic status, nutritional status, residence, and diabetes mellitus. The findings revealed a significant association between smoking status and pulmonary TB. Smokers exhibited a protective relationship against TB compared to non-smokers, with an Adjusted Prevalence Odds Ratio (POR) of 0.68 (95% CI: 0.58–0.75). Smoking 1–11 cigarettes per day had a POR of 0.92 (95% CI: 0.76–1.12), while smoking more than 11 cigarettes per day showed a POR of 0.70 (95% CI: 0.53–0.93). The study also found that males who had smoked for 1–25 years had a POR of 0.49 (95% CI: 0.39–0.61) with a p-value of 0.000. However, for smokers with a duration of more than 25 years, the association was not statistically significant (p-value = 0.593), with a POR of 1.07 (95% CI: 0.82–1.40), indicating no meaningful difference in the likelihood of developing pulmonary TB compared to non-smokers.The analysis revealed an unusual relationship between smoking and pulmonary TB, differing from existing literature, which generally reports an increased risk among smokers. These findings may be influenced by factors such as the study population, data quality, and information bias, warranting caution in interpretation. Despite this, smoking remains a known factor that increases the risk and worsens the progression of TB.
T-7169
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Diraya Adani Kiasatina; Pembimbing: Trisari Anggondowati; Penguji: Helda, Misti, Kamaluddin Latief
Abstrak:
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Sebanyak 26%-50% orang dengan prediabetes berkembang menjadi diabetes melitus (DM) tipe 2 dalam waktu 5 tahun, namun kondisinya reversibel sehingga dianggap golden period untuk melakukan intervensi agar tidak berkembang menjadi DM tipe 2. Hipertensi merupakan salah satu faktor risiko signifikan dari prediabetes. Sebesar 81,1% penderita hipertensi memiliki tekanan darah tidak terkendali. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara status kendali hipertensi dengan kejadian prediabetes pada penduduk usia ≥ 18 tahun di Indonesia dengan data Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) 2023. Kriteria inklusi dalam penelitian ini adalah hipertensi berdasarkan diagnosis dokter dan memiliki data yang lengkap untuk minimal dua kali pengukuran tekanan darah, glukosa darah puasa (GDP), dan glukosa darah 2 jam setelah pembebanan/postprandial (G2PP). Sedangkan kriteria eksklusinya adalah diabetes berdasarkan diagnosis dokter dan pemeriksaan kadar gula darah (GDP dan G2PP) serta sedang hamil. Sampel sebanyak 1.384 responden dianalisis dalam penelitian ini. Prevalensi prediabetes pada penduduk usia ≥ 18 tahun yang hipertensi di Indonesia sebesar 67,3% dan proporsi hipertensi tidak terkendali sebesar 80,8%. Analisis menggunakan Poisson regression menunjukkan prevalence ratio (PR) = 1,16 (95% CI: 1,04−1,29) setelah mengontrol usia, jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, pengobatan hipertensi, dan obesitas sentral. Sebesar 14% kasus prediabetes terjadi karena tekanan darah yang tidak terkendali dan 11,5% kasus prediabetes dapat dicegah apabila tekanan darah sepenuhnya dikendalikan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya pengendalian tekanan darah pada penderita hipertensi untuk mencegah prediabetes atau perkembangan prediabetes menjadi DM tipe 2.
Between 26% and 50% of people with prediabetes develop type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) within 5 years, but the condition is reversible, making it a golden period for intervention to prevent progression to T2DM. Hypertension is a significant risk factor for prediabetes. As many as 81.1% of hypertensive patients have uncontrolled blood pressure. This study aims to analyze the relationship between hypertension control status and the incidence of prediabetes among individuals aged ≥18 years in Indonesia using data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI 2023). The inclusion criteria for this study were hypertension based on a doctor's diagnosis and having complete data for at least two blood pressure measurements, fasting blood glucose (FBG), and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2hPPG). Exclusion criteria included diabetes diagnosed by a doctor and blood glucose level tests (FBG and 2hPPG), as well as being pregnant. A sample of 1,384 respondents was analyzed in this study. The prevalence of prediabetes among hypertensive individuals aged ≥ 18 years in Indonesia was 67.3%, and the proportion of uncontrolled hypertension was 80.8%. Analysis using Poisson regression showed a prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.16 (95% CI: 1.04–1.29) after controlling for age, gender, education level, hypertension treatment, and central obesity. Approximately 14% of prediabetes cases occur due to uncontrolled blood pressure, and 11.5% of prediabetes cases could be prevented if blood pressure were fully controlled. Therefore, efforts to control blood pressure in hypertensive patients are necessary to prevent prediabetes or the progression of prediabetes to T2DM.
T-7453
Depok : FKM-UI, 2025
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Novita Rizka Wardhani; Pembimbing: Putri Bungsu; Penguji: Trisari Anggondowati, Gertrudis Tandy
Abstrak:
Background: Depok City experienced an increase of 110 cervical cancer cases in 2021-2022. Most cases of cervical cancer are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. The HPV immunization program in Indonesia is integrated with school immunization. The national HPV coverage in 2021 is 78.5% at dose 1 and 60.6% at dose 2 and the latest coverage data for Depok City in 2023 is 85.3% (below the 90% target). Immunization coverage depends on the role of parents as decision makers for child immunization. This study aims to find the determinants of children's HPV immunization status, especially from the parents' aspect and get information on the reasons why children do not receive the vaccine. Methods: The study design used was cross sectional with cluster random sampling technique. This study conducted univariate analysis using frequency distribution and bivariate analysis using logistic regression. Results: HPV immunization coverage in the sample population was 79.2%. The top two reasons for not vaccinating children were lack of information from the school (41.5%) and sickness or absence from school (26.8%). Bivariate analysis showed that low perceived parental barriers (OR 3.57; 95% CI: 1.69-7.51) and parents who received enough information support from providers (OR 2.86; 95% CI 1.14-7.22) had greater odds of HPV immunization. Conclusions: The high number of uninformed parents/guardians from schools and missed immunizations implies the need to evaluate information delivery procedures and proactively contact parents/guardians of recurrent missed immunizations.
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Latar belakang: Kota Depok mengalami kenaikan 110 kasus kanker serviks pada 2021-2022. Sebagian besar kasus kanker serviks disebabkan oleh infeksi human papillomavirus (HPV). Program imunisasi HPV di Indonesia terintegrasi dengan imunisasi sekolah. Cakupan HPV nasional pada 2021 adalah 78,5% pada dosis 1 dan 60,6% pada dosis 2 dan data cakupan terakhir Kota Depok tahun 2023 adalah 85,3% (di bawah target 90%). Cakupan imunisasi bergantung pada peran orang tua sebagai pemegang keputusan imunisasi anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari determinan status imunisasi HPV anak terutama dari aspek orang tua dan mendapatkan informasi alasan anak tidak menerima vaksin. Metode: Desain studi yang digunakan adalah cross sectional dengan teknik cluster random sampling. Studi ini melakukan analisis univariat dengan menggunakan distribusi frekuensi dan analisis bivariat menggunakan regresi logistik. Hasil: Cakupan imunisasi HPV pada populasi sampel 79,2%. Dua alasan terbanyak mengapa anak tidak vaksin adalah tidak mendapatkan informasi dari sekolah (41,5%) serta anak sakit atau tidak masuk sekolah (26,8%). Analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa persepsi hambatan orang tua yang rendah (OR 3,57; 95% CI: 1,69-7,51) dan orang tua yang mendapatkan cukup dukungan informasi dari penyedia layanan (OR 2,86; 95% CI 1,14-7,22) memiliki odds yang lebih besar untuk mendapatkan imunisasi HPV. Kesimpulan: Banyaknya orang tua/wali yang tidak mendapatkan informasi dari sekolah dan anak tidak hadir saat jadwal imunisasi, menyiratkan perlu adanya evaluasi prosedur penyampaian informasi serta tindakan proaktif dalam menghubungi orang tua/wali dari anak yang melewatkan imunisasi secara berulang.
Background: Depok City experienced an increase of 110 cervical cancer cases in 2021-2022. Most cases of cervical cancer are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. The HPV immunization program in Indonesia is integrated with school immunization. The national HPV coverage in 2021 is 78.5% at dose 1 and 60.6% at dose 2 and the latest coverage data for Depok City in 2023 is 85.3% (below the 90% target). Immunization coverage depends on the role of parents as decision makers for child immunization. This study aims to find the determinants of children's HPV immunization status, especially from the parents' aspect and get information on the reasons why children do not receive the vaccine. Methods: The study design used was cross sectional with cluster random sampling technique. This study conducted univariate analysis using frequency distribution and bivariate analysis using logistic regression. Results: HPV immunization coverage in the sample population was 79.2%. The top two reasons for not vaccinating children were lack of information from the school (41.5%) and sickness or absence from school (26.8%). Bivariate analysis showed that low perceived parental barriers (OR 3.57; 95% CI: 1.69-7.51) and parents who received enough information support from providers (OR 2.86; 95% CI 1.14-7.22) had greater odds of HPV immunization. Conclusions: The high number of uninformed parents/guardians from schools and missed immunizations implies the need to evaluate information delivery procedures and proactively contact parents/guardians of recurrent missed immunizations.
S-11643
Depok : FKM-UI, 2024
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Fitriah Siti Nurjanah; Pembimbing: Krisnawati Bantas; Penguji: Dwi Gayatri, Elvieda Sariawati
Abstrak:
Secara global setiap tahunnya pneumonia menyebabkan kematian hampir sebanyak 1 juta pada anak usia dibawah 5 tahun. Populasi yang rentan terserang pneumonia adalah anak-anak usia kurang dari 2 tahun (Baduta). Period prevalence pneumonia pada anak Baduta berdasarkan data Riskesdas 2013 sebesar 1,7%. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah mengetahui gambaran faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian pneumonia pada anak baduta di Indonesia dengan menggunakan data Riskesdas tahun 2013. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross-sectional. Analisis univariat digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan masingmasing variabel yang diteliti, dan analisis bivariat digunakan untuk melihat hubungan antara variabel independen dengan variabel dependen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan berhubungan secara statistik dengan kejadian pneumonia pada baduta: umur 13-23 bulan berisiko 1,7 dibandingkan umur 0-12 bulan, tidak diberikan kolostrum (OR=1,742; 95% CI= 1,140-2,664), belum diberikan imunisasi campak karena umur anak (OR= 0,548; 95% CI= 0,388-0,773), tinggal di perdesaan (OR=1,448; 95% CI= 1,093-1,919), ada asap hasil pembakaran (OR=1,511; 95% CI= 1,142-1,998), ventilasi ruangan masak/dapur kurang (OR=1,829; 95% CI= 1,279-2,614), dan status sosial ekonomi rendah (OR=1,807). Belum dapat disimpulkan hubungan yang pasti bermakna secara statistik karena analisis dilakukan sampai bivariat, perlu dilakukan analisis multivariat.
Kata kunci: Pneumonia, Baduta, Indonesia, Riskesdas 2013
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Kata kunci: Pneumonia, Baduta, Indonesia, Riskesdas 2013
S-8688
Depok : FKM UI, 2015
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Miftakhuddiniyah; Pembimbing: Syahrizal Syarif; Penguji: Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika, Anies Irawati, Sudiharto
T-3999
Depok : FKM UI, 2013
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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