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Enzelika Rahel Sininta; Pembiming: Atik Nurwahyuni; Penguji: Vetty Yulianty Permanasari, Erfan Chandra Nugraha
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Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis penggunaan persalinan sectio caesarea di fasilitas rujukan tingkat lanjut di Provinsi DKI Jakarta pada tahun 2023, menggunakan desain penelitian non-eksperimental analitikal dengan pendekatan cross-sectional data sampel BPJS Kesehatan 2024. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa sebesar 77,6% peserta melahirkan dengan tindakan sectio caesarea. Beberapa faktor ditemukan memiliki hubungan signifikan terhadap pemilihan metode persalinan ini, antara lain: usia >35 tahun (OR: 1,93; 95% CI: 1,68–2,21), domisili di Jakarta Timur (OR: 4,68; 95% CI: 4,18–5,25), status kepesertaan PBPU (OR: 2,50; 95% CI: 2,23–2,79), hak kelas rawat Kelas I, kepemilikan fasilitas swasta (OR: 3,19; 95% CI: 3,08–3,32), tipe FKRTL kelas C (OR: 1,50; 95% CI: 1,47–1,75), serta lokasi FKRTL di Jakarta Timur (OR: 3,75; 95% CI: 3,53–3,98). Faktor riwayat sectio caesarea merupakan prediktor terkuat (OR: 77,2; 95% CI: 61,42–97,2), yang menunjukkan adanya kecenderungan tinggi untuk menjalani sectio berulang. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya perhatian terhadap keputusan medis pada persalinan pertama yang berpotensi memengaruhi pola persalinan berikutnya. Intervensi perlu dilakukan secara menyeluruh, baik pada sisi ibu melalui intervensi preventif dan penguatan kesiapan sejak di layanan primer, maupun pada sisi pelayanan melalui audit medis dan penerapan panduan klinis yang ketat.
This study aims to analyze the use of caesarean section deliveries in advanced referral health facilities in DKI Jakarta Province in 2023, using an non-experimental analytical cross-sectional design based on BPJS Health sample data from 2024. Results showed that 77.6% of participants gave birth via caesarean section. Several factors were significantly associated with caesarean delivery, including age over 35 years (OR: 1.93; 95% CI: 1.68–2.21), residence in East Jakarta (OR: 4.68; 95% CI: 4.18–5.25), PBPU insurance status (OR: 2.50; 95% CI: 2.23–2.79), Class I inpatient entitlement, private hospital ownership (OR: 3.19; 95% CI: 3.08–3.32), Class C hospital type (OR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.47–1.75), and facility location in East Jakarta (OR: 3.75; 95% CI: 3.53–3.98). History of caesarean section was the strongest predictor (OR: 77.2; 95% CI: 61.42–97.2), indicating a high likelihood of reccuring procedures. These findings highlight the importance of careful medical decision-making during the first delivery, as it can significantly influence subsequent delivery patterns. Comprehensive interventions are needed, both on the maternal side through preventive measures and strengthened readiness starting at the primary care level, and on the service side through medical audits and strict implementation of clinical guidelines.
This study aims to analyze the use of caesarean section deliveries in advanced referral health facilities in DKI Jakarta Province in 2023, using an non-experimental analytical cross-sectional design based on BPJS Health sample data from 2024. Results showed that 77.6% of participants gave birth via caesarean section. Several factors were significantly associated with caesarean delivery, including age over 35 years (OR: 1.93; 95% CI: 1.68–2.21), residence in East Jakarta (OR: 4.68; 95% CI: 4.18–5.25), PBPU insurance status (OR: 2.50; 95% CI: 2.23–2.79), Class I inpatient entitlement, private hospital ownership (OR: 3.19; 95% CI: 3.08–3.32), Class C hospital type (OR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.47–1.75), and facility location in East Jakarta (OR: 3.75; 95% CI: 3.53–3.98). History of caesarean section was the strongest predictor (OR: 77.2; 95% CI: 61.42–97.2), indicating a high likelihood of reccuring procedures. These findings highlight the importance of careful medical decision-making during the first delivery, as it can significantly influence subsequent delivery patterns. Comprehensive interventions are needed, both on the maternal side through preventive measures and strengthened readiness starting at the primary care level, and on the service side through medical audits and strict implementation of clinical guidelines.
S-12060
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Monica Tara Chrishanti; Pembimbing: Pujiyanto; Penguji: Sabarinah, Mardiati Nadjib
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Penyakit kardiovaskular merupakan penyebab utama kematian di Indonesia dan menimbulkan beban pembiayaan yang besar dalam Program Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN). Meskipun pelayanan Rawat Inap Tingkat Lanjut (RITL) menyerap proporsi pembiayaan JKN yang tinggi, hasil penelitian menunjukkan hanya sebagian kecil peserta JKN dengan penyakit kardiovaskular di Provinsi DKI Jakarta yang memanfaatkan RITL. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui gambaran dan hubungan karakteristik peserta JKN dengan utilisasi RITL kasus penyakit kardiovaskular di Provinsi DKI Jakarta tahun 2023. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional dan sumber data berupa Data Sampel BPJS Kesehatan Tahun 2024. Sampel penelitian terdiri atas 915 peserta sebelum pembobotan yang setelah dilakukan pembobotan merepresentasikan 142.621 peserta JKN yang memperoleh pelayanan di Fasilitas Kesehatan Rujukan Tingkat Lanjut di Provinsi DKI Jakarta dengan diagnosis primer penyakit kardiovaskular kode ICD-10 I05–I09, I11, I20–I25, dan I30–I50. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-Square dan regresi logistik sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebesar 9,0% peserta memanfaatkan RITL, sedangkan 91,0% tidak memanfaatkan RITL. Median lama rawat peserta RITL adalah empat hari. Usia, jenis kelamin, status perkawinan, hak kelas rawat, segmentasi kepesertaan, dan hubungan keluarga memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan utilisasi RITL (p-value <0,05). Proporsi RITL tertinggi ditemukan pada peserta usia 15 – 64 tahun sebesar 9,9%, perempuan sebesar 10,8%, belum menikah sebesar 10,5%, kelas II sebesar 14,9%, PBI APBN sebesar 14,5%, dan kelompok hubungan keluarga sebagai anak sebesar 33,8%. Kelompok tambahan pada variabel hubungan keluarga tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan dibandingkan peserta utama. Utilisasi RITL yang relatif rendah tidak dapat langsung dimaknai sebagai hambatan akses karena sebagian peserta dimungkinkan memperoleh pengelolaan melalui pelayanan primer dan rawat jalan tingkat lanjut. BPJS Kesehatan, Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi DKI Jakarta, dan fasilitas kesehatan disarankan mempertahankan kesinambungan pengelolaan penyakit kronis serta memanfaatkan data klaim untuk memantau kelompok peserta dengan proporsi RITL relatif tinggi tanpa membatasi akses pelayanan sesuai kebutuhan medis.
Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of death in Indonesia and causes a large financing burden in the Program Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN). Although the Advanced Inpatient Service (RITL) absorbs a high proportion of JKN financing, research results show that only a small percentage of JKN participants with cardiovascular disease in DKI Jakarta Province take advantage of RITL. This study aims to find out the characteristics and relationship of JKN participants with the RITL utilization of cardiovascular disease cases in DKI Jakarta Province in 2023. Research uses a quantitative approach with cross-sectional design and data sources in the form of BPJS Health Sample Data for 2024. The study sample consisted of 915 participants before the weighting, who after the weighting represented 142,621 participants of JKN who received services at Advanced Reference Health Facilities in DKI Jakarta Province with primary diagnosis of cardiovascular disease code ICD-10 I05–I09, I11, I20–I25, and I30–I50. Data are analyzed univariate and bivariate using Chi-Square tests and simple logistic regression. Research results showed that 9.0% of participants used RITL, while 91.0% did not use RITL. The median length of care for RITL participants is four days. Age, sex, marital status, nursing class rights, participation segmentation, and family relationships have a significant relationship with RITL utilization (p-value <0.05). The highest proportion of RITLs was found in participants aged 15–64 at 9.9%, women at 10.8%, unmarried at 10.5%, class II at 14.9%, PBI APBN at 14.5%, and family relations groups as children at 33.8%. Additional groups on the family relationship variable showed no significant relationship compared to the main participants. The relatively low utilization of RITL cannot be immediately interpreted as an access barrier because some participants may obtain management through advanced primary and outpatient services. BPJS Health, the DKI Jakarta Provincial Health Office, and health facilities are advised to maintain continuous management of chronic diseases and utilize claim data to monitor groups of participants with relatively high proportions of RITL without limiting service access according to medical needs.
S-12434
Depok : FKM-UI, 2026
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Hana Zakiyah; Pembimbing: Kurnia Sari; Penguji: Pujiyanto, Laksmi Damaryanti
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Latar Belakang: Gangguan kesehatan mental memberikan beban ekonomi signifikan secara global, dengan proyeksi kerugian mencapai USD 6 triliun pada tahun 2030. Di Indonesia, estimasi biaya langsung tahunan mencapai Rp87,5 triliun apabila seluruh invidiu dengan gangguan mental menjalani pengobatan rutin. Tujuan: Mengetahui besaran biaya dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan biaya layanan kesehatan mental pada rawat jalan FKRTL Peserta JKN. Metode: Desain studi dengan potong lintang menggunakan Data Sampel BPJS Kesehatan 2024. Analisis dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat terhadap 785.150 peserta aktif layanan kesehatan mental. Hasil: BPJS Kesehatan menanggung total biaya layanan kesehatan mental sebesar Rp3,4 triliun dalam satu tahun. Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara biaya layanan dengan usia, segmentasi peserta, jumlah diagnosis, frekuensi kunjungan RJTL, regional FKRTL, kepemilikan FKRTL, dan kondisi penyakit kronis. Kesimpulan: Biaya tertinggi ditemukan pada kelompok usia lanjut dan wilayah Regional 1, yang mencerminkan konsentrasi layanan serta akses yang lebih optimal. Temuan ini menyoroti pentingnya pemerataan dan pendekatan berbasis kebutuhan layanan kesehatan mental.
Background: Mental health disorders present a significant global economic burden, with projected losses reaching USD 6 trillion by 2030. In Indonesia, the estimated annual direct cost may reach IDR 87.5 trillion if all individuals with mental disorders undergo routine treatment. Objective: To identify the total cost and factors associated with mental health service expenditures in outpatient care at advanced referral health facilities (FKRTL) for JKN participants. Methods: This study uses cross-sectional design using the 2024 BPJS Kesehatan Sample Data. Univariate and bivariate analyses were conducted on 785,150 active mental health service users. Results: BPJS Kesehatan covered a total of IDR 3.4 trillion in mental health outpatient services within one year. There was a significant relationship between service costs and age, participant segmentation, number of diagnoses, outpatient visits frequency, advanced health facilities regional, advanced referral health facilities ownership, and chronic disease conditions. Conclusions: The highest costs were observed among the elderly and in Regional 1, reflecting a concentration of services and better access. These findings highlight the importance of equitable distribution and need-based approaches in mental health service financing.
Background: Mental health disorders present a significant global economic burden, with projected losses reaching USD 6 trillion by 2030. In Indonesia, the estimated annual direct cost may reach IDR 87.5 trillion if all individuals with mental disorders undergo routine treatment. Objective: To identify the total cost and factors associated with mental health service expenditures in outpatient care at advanced referral health facilities (FKRTL) for JKN participants. Methods: This study uses cross-sectional design using the 2024 BPJS Kesehatan Sample Data. Univariate and bivariate analyses were conducted on 785,150 active mental health service users. Results: BPJS Kesehatan covered a total of IDR 3.4 trillion in mental health outpatient services within one year. There was a significant relationship between service costs and age, participant segmentation, number of diagnoses, outpatient visits frequency, advanced health facilities regional, advanced referral health facilities ownership, and chronic disease conditions. Conclusions: The highest costs were observed among the elderly and in Regional 1, reflecting a concentration of services and better access. These findings highlight the importance of equitable distribution and need-based approaches in mental health service financing.
S-12051
Depok : FKM-UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Imma Nadya Simarmata; Pembimbing: Kurnia Sari; Penguji: Puput Oktamianti, Erfan Chandra Nugraha
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Latar Belakang: Pemanfaatan pelayanan KB di Indonesia masih belum optimaal ditandai dengan unmet need yang stagnan di angka 11% dan rendahnya kesertaan Metode Kontrasepsi Jangka Panjang (MKJP). Meskipun pelayanan KB dijamin dalam skema JKN dan dapat diakses melalui 23.639 FKTP, gambaran pemanfaatan pelayanan KB dalam konteks kepesertaan JKN secara nasional masih sangat terbatas. Tujuan: Menganalisis gambaran pemanfaatan pelayanan KB dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemanfaatan jenis pelayanan KB MKJP dan Non-MKJP. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan data sekunder dari Data Sampel BPJS Kesehatan Reguler Edisi 2025 menggunakan sampel berjumlah 13.660 peserta. Analisis data meliputi univariat (distribusi frekuensi) dan bivariat menggunakan regresi logistik complex samples yang memperhitungkan desain sampel kompleks (strata, cluster, dan pembobotan). Hasil: Non-MKJP mendominasi sebesar 70,6% dengan jenis terbanyak adalah pemberian kontrasepsi suntik/pil dan pemantauan (36,6%). Dari 8 variabel yang diteliti, 4 variabel berhubungan bermakna dengan jenis pemanfaatan pelayanan KB, yaitu jenis kelamin (p=0,024), jenis FKTP (p=0,001), wilayah regional FKTP (p=0,001), dan wilayah tempat tinggal (p<0,001), sedangkan usia, status perkawinan, hubungan keluarga, dan segmentasi kepesertaan tidak berhubungan bermakna. Kesimpulan: Pemanfaatan MKJP di FKTP masih belum optimal dan terdapat disparitas signifikan berdasarkan karakteristik peserta dan wilayah.
Background: Family planning (FP) service utilization in Indonesia remains suboptimal, characterized by an unmet need that has stagnated at 11% and persistently low uptake of Long-Acting Contraceptive Methods (LACMs). Although FP services are covered under the National Health Insurance (JKN) scheme and accessible through 23,639 primary health care facilities (FKTP), a comprehensive national picture of FP service utilization among JKN participants remains largely unavailable. Objective: To analyze the profile of FP service utilization and the factors associated with the type of FP service utilized, namely LACMs and Non-LACMs. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was employed using secondary data from the BPJS Kesehatan Regular Sample Data 2025 Edition, with a sample of 13,660 participants. Data analysis included univariate (frequency distribution) and bivariate analyses using complex samples logistic regression. Results: Non-LACMs dominated at 70.7%, with contraceptive injection/pill provision being the most common service type (36.6%). Of the 8 variables examined, 4 were significantly associated with the type of FP service utilized, namely sex (p=0.024), type of FKTP (p=0.001), regional FKTP zone (p=0.001), and area of residence (p<0.001), whereas age, marital status, family relationship, and membership segmentation were not significantly associated. Conclusion: LACMs utilization at FKTP remains suboptimal, with significant disparities observed across participant characteristics and geographic regions.
S-12429
Depok : FKM-UI, 2026
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Resa Lisardi Dwiranti; Pembimbing: Atik Nurwahyuni; Penguji: Pujiyanto, Khaterina Kristina Manurung
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Low Back Pain merupakan salah satu penyebab utama disabilitas yang membutuhkan penanganan rehabilitasi medik jangka panjang. Namun, frekuensi kunjungan rehabilitasi medik pada pasien LBP peserta Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) masih belum optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran frekuensi kunjungan dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan frekuensi kunjungan rehabilitasi medik pada pasien Low Back Pain peserta JKN di Fasilitas Kesehatan Rujukan Tingkat Lanjut (FKRTL). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif non-eksperimental dengan desain cross sectional yang dilakukan pada Februari–Juni 2025 menggunakan data sekunder dari Data Sampel BPJS Kesehatan tahun 2024. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar pasien Low Back Pain (65,1%) melakukan kunjungan rehabilitasi medik dengan frekuensi rendah, yang mencerminkan ketidakpatuhan terhadap terapi. Variabel usia, jenis kelamin, status perkawinan, wilayah dan jenis wilayah tempat tinggal peserta, kelas hak rawat, segmentasi peserta, tipe FKRTL, dan status kepemilikan FKRTL memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap frekuensi kunjungan rehabilitasi medik (p < 0,05). Temuan ini menunjukkan perlunya penguatan sistem pemantauan terhadap utilisasi layanan rehabilitasi medik, baik untuk menangani ketidakpatuhan maupun mengidentifikasi potensi overutilization pada fasilitas atau segmen pasien tertentu.
Low Back Pain is one of the leading causes of disability that often requires long-term medical rehabilitation. However, the frequency of rehabilitation visits among Low Back Pain patients enrolled in the National Health Insurance (JKN) program remains suboptimal. This study aims to describe the visit frequency and analyze the factors associated with the frequency of medical rehabilitation visits among JKN participants with Low Back Pain at referral health facilities (FKRTL). This is a non-experimental quantitative study with a cross-sectional design conducted from February to June 2025, using secondary data from the 2024 BPJS Kesehatan Sample Data. The results showed that the majority of LBP patients (65,1%) had a low frequency of rehabilitation visits, indicating poor adherence to therapy. Variables such as age, gender, marital status, residential region and area type, class of care entitlement, participant segmentation, type of FKRTL, and ownership status of FKRTL were significantly associated with the frequency of rehabilitation visits (p < 0.05). These findings highlight the need to strengthen monitoring systems for the utilization of medical rehabilitation services, both to address non-adherence and to identify potential overutilization in specific facilities or patient segments.
Low Back Pain is one of the leading causes of disability that often requires long-term medical rehabilitation. However, the frequency of rehabilitation visits among Low Back Pain patients enrolled in the National Health Insurance (JKN) program remains suboptimal. This study aims to describe the visit frequency and analyze the factors associated with the frequency of medical rehabilitation visits among JKN participants with Low Back Pain at referral health facilities (FKRTL). This is a non-experimental quantitative study with a cross-sectional design conducted from February to June 2025, using secondary data from the 2024 BPJS Kesehatan Sample Data. The results showed that the majority of LBP patients (65,1%) had a low frequency of rehabilitation visits, indicating poor adherence to therapy. Variables such as age, gender, marital status, residential region and area type, class of care entitlement, participant segmentation, type of FKRTL, and ownership status of FKRTL were significantly associated with the frequency of rehabilitation visits (p < 0.05). These findings highlight the need to strengthen monitoring systems for the utilization of medical rehabilitation services, both to address non-adherence and to identify potential overutilization in specific facilities or patient segments.
S-12092
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Nanda Alvina Imron; Pembimbing: Atik Nurwahyuni; Penguji: Budi Hidayat, Febriansyah Budi Pratama
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis rujukan kasus tuberkulosis peserta Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) di Fasilitas Kesehatan Tingkat Pertama (FKTP). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif non-eksperimental dengan pendekatan cross sectional yang dilakukan pada Februari-Juni 2026 menggunakan data sekunder dari Data Sampel BPJS Kesehatan Tahun 2025. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kunjungan kasus TBC di FKTP yang kemudian dirujuk sebesar 24,3%. Hal tersebut lebih menjadi masalah karena lebih tinggi dari standar yang seharusnya. Faktor-faktor yang menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan yaitu umur, jenis kelamin, status perkawinan, komorbiditas, segmentasi peserta, hak kelas rawat, jenis FKTP, wilayah FKTP, serta regional FKTP. Determinan utama dalam hal ini yaitu komorbiditas (aOR 12,017; 95% CI: 11,819 – 12,218; p < 0,001). Temuan ini menunjukkan perlunya optimalisasi penanggulangan TBC di FKTP dan juga penguatan tata laksana serta pemantauan faktor risiko penyakit tidak menular, salah satunya dengan program Cek Kesehatan Gratis (CKG).
This study aimed to analyze case referrals for tuberculosis among National Health Insurance (JKN) participants at Primary Health Care Facilities. It was a non-experimental quantitative study with a cross-sectional design, conducted between February and June 2026 using secondary data from the BPJS Kesehatan sample dataset 2025. The results showed that 24.3% of tuberculosis cases presenting at FKTPs were subsequently referred. This rate is concerning as it exceeds the established standard. Factors demonstrating a significant association included age, gender, marital status, comorbidities, participant segment, inpatient care class entitlement, FKTP type, FKTP area, and FKTP region. The primary determinant identified was the presence of comorbidities (aOR 12.017; 95% CI: 11.819–12.218; p < 0.001). These findings highlight the need to optimize tuberculosis management at primary healthcare facilities and to strengthen the management and monitoring of non-communicable disease risk factors, for instance through the CKG program.
S-12377
Depok : FKM-UI, 2026
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Annisa Shakia Az Zahra; Pembimbing: Atik Nurwahyuni; Penguji: Budi Hidayat, Khaterina Kristina Manurung
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Secara global kanker paru merupakan tiga terbesar kasus penyakit kanker di dunia dan menempati urutan pertama sebagai penyebab kematian akibat penyakit kanker pada laki laki dan perempuan (Globocan, 2022) Di Indonesia, kanker paru menjadi penyebab utama kematian akibat kanker di samping kanker payudara dan kanker kolorektal (WHO, 2022). Kanker paru ditempatkan sebagai beban utama biaya pengobatan yang bersifat katastropik dengan menyerap anggaran besar dari total belanja kesehatan negara dalam Diasease Account 2023. Besaran biaya klaim penyakit kanker paru sangat ditentukan oleh berbagai faktor yang memengaruhi tingkat keparahan dan intensitas pemanfaatan layanan. Oleh karena itu diperlukan analisis untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan biaya kanker paru. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan Data Sampel BPJS Kesehatan dengan desain cross sectional. Hasil: Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara usia, jenis kelamin, segmen kepesertaan, hak kelas rawat, metastasis, kunjungan rawat inap, kunjungan rawat jalan, kepemilikan rumah sakit, tipe rumah sakit, dan wilayah regional FKRTL dengan biaya klaim. Faktor yang paling berhubungan yaitu metastasis (p value <0,001; AOR 11,045). Kesimpulan: Diperlukan peningkatan deteksi dini melalui skrining nasional, pemerataan akses, dan peninjauan tarif INA CBGs
Lung cancer is among the three most common cancers worldwide and remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in both men and women (GLOBOCAN, 2022). In Indonesia, lung cancer is one of the primary causes of cancer deaths, alongside breast and colorectal cancer (WHO, 2022). It also represents a major catastrophic health expenditure, accounting for a substantial proportion of national healthcare spending as reported in the Disease Account 2023. The magnitude of lung cancer treatment costs is influenced by various factors related to disease severity and healthcare utilization. Therefore, an analysis is needed to identify factors associated with lung cancer treatment costs. Methods: This study used secondary data from the BPJS Kesehatan Sample Data and employed a cross-sectional study design. Data were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to identify factors associated with lung cancer claim costs. Results: Significant associations were found between age, sex, membership segment, inpatient class entitlement, metastasis status, inpatient visits, outpatient visits, hospital ownership, hospital type, and regional referral healthcare facility (FKRTL) location with lung cancer claim costs. Metastasis was identified as the factor most strongly associated with high claim costs (p-value < 0.001; AOR = 11.045). Conclusion: Strengthening early detection through a national lung cancer screening program, improving equitable access to healthcare services, and reviewing INA-CBGs tariffs are recommended to reduce the economic burden of lung cancer and improve the efficiency of healthcare financing under the National Health Insurance (JKN) system.
S-12403
Depok : FKM-UI, 2026
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Savira Zain Laeli; Pembimbing: Pujiyanto; Penguji: Wachyu Sulistiadi, Laksmi Damaryanti
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Gagal Ginjal Kronik merupakan penyakit katastropik yang progresif dan irreversible dengan beban biaya tinggi dalam program Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran biaya serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi biaya pelayanan kesehatan penyakit GGK di Provinsi DKI Jakarta Tahun 2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi non-eksperimental kuantitatif yang dengan data sekunder dari data sampel BPJS Kesehatan tahun 2024. Analisis dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat non-parametrik menggunakan uji Spearman, Mann-Whitney, dan Kruskal wallis dengan total sampel sebanyak 22.619 peserta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa total beban biaya pelayanan GGK di DKI Jakarta tahun 2023 sebesar Rp555.265.832.525 dengan biaya per peserta sebesar Rp3.250.400. Variabel jenis kelamin laki-laki, usia 15-59 tahun, status perkawinan belum kawin, segmentasi kepesertaan PBI APBN, hak kelas rawat II, frekuensi RJTL, frekuensi RITL, dan lama hari rawat memiliki hubungan atau perbedaan median yang signifikan terhadap biaya pelayanan kesehatan (p-value<0,001). Kesimpulannya, seluruh variabel yang diteliti menunjukkan hubungan atau perbedaan median yang signifikan terhadap biaya pelayanan kesehatan penyakit GGK pada peserta JKN di Provinsi DKI Jakarta tahun 2023.
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a progressive and irreversible catastrophic illness with a high financial burden in the National Health Insurance (JKN) program. This study aims to describe the cost and identify factors affecting healthcare costs for CKD services among JKN participants in DKI Jakarta Province in 2023. This research employed a non-experimental quantitative design using secondary data from the 2024 BPJS Kesehatan sample dataset. Data were analyzed using univariate and non-parametric bivariate tests, including Spearman, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis tests, with a total sample of 22,619 participants. The results showed that the total healthcare expenditure for CKD in DKI Jakarta in 2023 was IDR 555,265,832,525, with an average cost per participant of IDR 3,250,400. The variables of male gender, age 15–59 years, unmarried status, PBI APBN membership segment, class II inpatient rights, frequency of outpatient and inpatient visits, and length of stay were significantly associated with differences in healthcare costs (p-value < 0.001). In conclusion, all studied variables showed a statistically significant relationship or difference in median costs for CKD healthcare services among JKN participants in DKI Jakarta in 2023.
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a progressive and irreversible catastrophic illness with a high financial burden in the National Health Insurance (JKN) program. This study aims to describe the cost and identify factors affecting healthcare costs for CKD services among JKN participants in DKI Jakarta Province in 2023. This research employed a non-experimental quantitative design using secondary data from the 2024 BPJS Kesehatan sample dataset. Data were analyzed using univariate and non-parametric bivariate tests, including Spearman, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis tests, with a total sample of 22,619 participants. The results showed that the total healthcare expenditure for CKD in DKI Jakarta in 2023 was IDR 555,265,832,525, with an average cost per participant of IDR 3,250,400. The variables of male gender, age 15–59 years, unmarried status, PBI APBN membership segment, class II inpatient rights, frequency of outpatient and inpatient visits, and length of stay were significantly associated with differences in healthcare costs (p-value < 0.001). In conclusion, all studied variables showed a statistically significant relationship or difference in median costs for CKD healthcare services among JKN participants in DKI Jakarta in 2023.
S-12034
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Savira Zain Laeli; Pembimbing: Pujiyanto; Penguji: Wachyu Sulistiadi, Laksmi Damaryanti
Abstrak:
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Gagal Ginjal Kronik merupakan penyakit katastropik yang progresif dan irreversible dengan beban biaya tinggi dalam program Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran biaya serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi biaya pelayanan kesehatan penyakit GGK di Provinsi DKI Jakarta Tahun 2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi non-eksperimental kuantitatif yang dengan data sekunder dari data sampel BPJS Kesehatan tahun 2024. Analisis dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat non-parametrik menggunakan uji Spearman, Mann-Whitney, dan Kruskal wallis dengan total sampel sebanyak 22.619 peserta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa total beban biaya pelayanan GGK di DKI Jakarta tahun 2023 sebesar Rp555.265.832.525 dengan biaya per peserta sebesar Rp3.250.400. Variabel jenis kelamin laki-laki, usia 15-59 tahun, status perkawinan belum kawin, segmentasi kepesertaan PBI APBN, hak kelas rawat II, frekuensi RJTL, frekuensi RITL, dan lama hari rawat memiliki hubungan atau perbedaan median yang signifikan terhadap biaya pelayanan kesehatan (p-value<0,001). Kesimpulannya, seluruh variabel yang diteliti menunjukkan hubungan atau perbedaan median yang signifikan terhadap biaya pelayanan kesehatan penyakit GGK pada peserta JKN di Provinsi DKI Jakarta tahun 2023.
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a progressive and irreversible catastrophic illness with a high financial burden in the National Health Insurance (JKN) program. This study aims to describe the cost and identify factors affecting healthcare costs for CKD services among JKN participants in DKI Jakarta Province in 2023. This research employed a non-experimental quantitative design using secondary data from the 2024 BPJS Kesehatan sample dataset. Data were analyzed using univariate and non-parametric bivariate tests, including Spearman, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis tests, with a total sample of 22,619 participants. The results showed that the total healthcare expenditure for CKD in DKI Jakarta in 2023 was IDR 555,265,832,525, with an average cost per participant of IDR 3,250,400. The variables of male gender, age 15–59 years, unmarried status, PBI APBN membership segment, class II inpatient rights, frequency of outpatient and inpatient visits, and length of stay were significantly associated with differences in healthcare costs (p-value < 0.001). In conclusion, all studied variables showed a statistically significant relationship or difference in median costs for CKD healthcare services among JKN participants in DKI Jakarta in 2023.
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a progressive and irreversible catastrophic illness with a high financial burden in the National Health Insurance (JKN) program. This study aims to describe the cost and identify factors affecting healthcare costs for CKD services among JKN participants in DKI Jakarta Province in 2023. This research employed a non-experimental quantitative design using secondary data from the 2024 BPJS Kesehatan sample dataset. Data were analyzed using univariate and non-parametric bivariate tests, including Spearman, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis tests, with a total sample of 22,619 participants. The results showed that the total healthcare expenditure for CKD in DKI Jakarta in 2023 was IDR 555,265,832,525, with an average cost per participant of IDR 3,250,400. The variables of male gender, age 15–59 years, unmarried status, PBI APBN membership segment, class II inpatient rights, frequency of outpatient and inpatient visits, and length of stay were significantly associated with differences in healthcare costs (p-value < 0.001). In conclusion, all studied variables showed a statistically significant relationship or difference in median costs for CKD healthcare services among JKN participants in DKI Jakarta in 2023.
S-12087
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Putri Maharani Zhafirah Khotib; ;Pembimbing: Kurnia Sari; Penguji: Puput Oktamianti, Erfan Chandra Nugraha
Abstrak:
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Diabetes melitus (DM) merupakan penyakit kronis yang memerlukan pemantauan berkelanjutan melalui pelayanan kesehatan primer. Pola keteraturan kunjungan Rawat Jalan Tingkat Pertama (RJTP) menjadi salah satu indikator pemanfaatan layanan yang penting dalam mendukung pengendalian penyakit dan pencegahan komplikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis gambaran pola keteraturan kunjungan RJTP serta hubungan faktor predisposisi dan faktor pemungkin dengan pola keteraturan kunjungan tersebut pada peserta Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) penderita DM usia produktif di DKI Jakarta tahun 2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan memanfaatkan data sekunder Data Sampel BPJS Kesehatan Tahun 2025 yang mencakup periode pelayanan Januari–Desember 2024. Sampel penelitian terdiri atas 2.074 peserta aktual yang merepresentasikan estimasi sampel terbobot sebanyak 25.470 peserta usia 15–64 tahun dengan diagnosis DMT1 maupun DMT2. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan regresi logistik sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas peserta (90,5%) termasuk dalam kategori tidak rutin melakukan kunjungan RJTP berdasarkan definisi operasional penelitian. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa seluruh variabel independen, yaitu usia, jenis kelamin, status perkawinan, segmen kepesertaan, jenis FKTP, dan kepemilikan FKTP, tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan secara statistik dengan pola keteraturan kunjungan RJTP (p-value > 0,05). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ketidakteraturan kunjungan RJTP yang tercatat dalam data klaim ditemukan pada sebagian besar peserta JKN usia produktif dengan DM di DKI Jakarta, dan belum dapat dijelaskan oleh variabel predisposisi maupun pemungkin yang dianalisis dalam penelitian ini. Diperlukan penguatan peran FKTP dalam pemantauan peserta DM, optimalisasi sistem pengingat kunjungan, serta evaluasi hambatan layanan untuk meningkatkan kesinambungan pengelolaan DM di pelayanan primer.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that requires continuous monitoring through primary healthcare services. The pattern of regularity of Primary Outpatient Care (POC) visits is an important indicator of service utilization in supporting disease control and preventing complications. This study aimed to analyze the pattern of regularity of POC visits and the association between predisposing and enabling factors and visit regularity among productive-age National Health Insurance (JKN) participants with DM in DKI Jakarta in 2024. This study employed a cross-sectional design using secondary data from the 2025 BPJS Kesehatan Sample Data, covering services from January to December 2024. The study sample consisted of 2,074 actual participants, representing a weighted estimate of 25,470 participants aged 15–64 years diagnosed with T1DM or T2DM. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with simple logistic regression. The results showed that the majority of participants (90.5%) were classified as having irregular POC visits based on the study’s operational definition. Bivariate analysis revealed that all independent variables, namely age, sex, marital status, membership segment, type of primary healthcare facility, and facility ownership, were not significantly associated with the pattern of regularity of POC visits (p-value > 0.05). These findings indicate that irregular POC visits recorded in claims data were observed among most productive-age JKN participants with DM in DKI Jakarta and were not explained by the predisposing and enabling variables analyzed in this study. Strengthening the role of primary healthcare facilities in monitoring DM patients, optimizing appointment reminder systems, and evaluating service barriers are needed to support sustainable DM management in primary care.
S-12441
Depok : FKM-UI, 2026
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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