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Annisa Ristya Haridiani; Pembimbing: Ella Nurlaela Hadi; Penguji: Triyanti, Rizki Nurrahmawati
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WHO dan UNICEF merekomendasikan agar bayi diberi ASI eksklusif selama enam bulan pertama kehidupannya karena ASI mengandung berbagai nutrisi lengkap dan dapat menyesuaikan dengan kebutuhan gizi bayi. Namun, cakupan ASI eksklusif di Puskesmas Jombang belum mencapai target nasional dan mengalami penurunan pada tahun 2024, sebesar 67,97%. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui determinan perilaku pemberian ASI eksklusif di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Jombang Kota Cilegon tahun 2025. Metode penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan desain studi cross-sectional. Sebanyak 88 ibu diambil sebagai sampel dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara primer dengan wawancara menggunakan instrumen kuesioner. Uji statistik menggunakan SPSS versi 25 dengan analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan sebesar 70,5% ibu memberikan ASI eksklusif. Berdasarkan uji statistik, diketahui pendidikan (p= 0,002), sikap (p< 0,001), IMD (0,014), dan dukungan suami (p= 0,034) memiliki hubungan dengan perilaku pemberian ASI eksklusif. Namun, usia (p= 0,337), pekerjaan (p= 0,875), paritas (p= 1,000), pengetahuan (p= 0,573), promosi susu formula (p= 0,709), dan dukungan tenaga kesehatan (p= 0,516) tidak memiliki hubungan dengan perilaku pemberian ASI eksklusif. Diperlukan berbagai upaya yang dapat mendukung peningkatan cakupan ASI eksklusif di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Jombang, seperti penguatan edukasi sesuai dengan kebutuhan ibu dengan metode yang menyesuaikan tren saat ini, pelibatan suami dalam program kesehatan ibu, peningkatan kapasitas tenaga kesehatan, dan optimalisasi koordinasi serta pemantauan program ASI eksklusif.
WHO and UNICEF recommend exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life, as breast milk contains complete nutriens and adapts to the baby’s needs. However, the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding at Jombang Health Center declined in 2024 to 67,97%, below the national target. This study aimed to identify determinants of exclusive breastfeeding behavior in the working area of Jombang Health Center, Cilegon City, in 2025. This research used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional study design. A total of 88 mothers were selected as samples using purposive sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data collection was conducted primarily through interviews using a questionnaire instrument. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25 with bivariate analysis through the Chi-Square test. The results showed that 70,5% of mothers exclusively breastfed. Based on statistical tests, education (p= 0,002), attitude (p< 0,001), early initation of breastfeeding (p= 0,014), and husband support (p= 0,034) were found to have a relationship with exclusive breastfeeding behavior. However, age (p= 0,337), occupation (p= 0,875), parity (p= 1,000), knowledge (p= 0,573), formula milk promotion (p= 0,709), and health worker support (p= 0,516) had no significant relationship with exclusive breastfeeding behavior. To improve exclusive breastfeeding coverage in the working area of Jombang Health Center, efforts such as strengthening education tailored to the needs of mothers using methods aligned with current trends, involving husbands in maternal health programs, increasing the capacity of health workers, and optimizing coordination and monitoring of exclusive breastfeeding programs are recommended.
WHO and UNICEF recommend exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life, as breast milk contains complete nutriens and adapts to the baby’s needs. However, the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding at Jombang Health Center declined in 2024 to 67,97%, below the national target. This study aimed to identify determinants of exclusive breastfeeding behavior in the working area of Jombang Health Center, Cilegon City, in 2025. This research used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional study design. A total of 88 mothers were selected as samples using purposive sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data collection was conducted primarily through interviews using a questionnaire instrument. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25 with bivariate analysis through the Chi-Square test. The results showed that 70,5% of mothers exclusively breastfed. Based on statistical tests, education (p= 0,002), attitude (p< 0,001), early initation of breastfeeding (p= 0,014), and husband support (p= 0,034) were found to have a relationship with exclusive breastfeeding behavior. However, age (p= 0,337), occupation (p= 0,875), parity (p= 1,000), knowledge (p= 0,573), formula milk promotion (p= 0,709), and health worker support (p= 0,516) had no significant relationship with exclusive breastfeeding behavior. To improve exclusive breastfeeding coverage in the working area of Jombang Health Center, efforts such as strengthening education tailored to the needs of mothers using methods aligned with current trends, involving husbands in maternal health programs, increasing the capacity of health workers, and optimizing coordination and monitoring of exclusive breastfeeding programs are recommended.
S-12075
Depok : FKM-UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Yolanda Safitri; Pembimbing: Tri Krianto; Penguji: Besral, Diah Mulyawati Utari, Frima Elda, Elfa Syoeib
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Latar Belakang: Distorsi citra tubuh adalah persepsi negatif terhadap bentuk dan ukuran tubuh sendiri, yang sering dialami oleh remaja putri dan dapat berdampak pada kesehatan mental dan perilaku makan. Masa remaja merupakan periode rentan terhadap pengaruh sosial dan media yang dapat memperkuat ketidakpuasan terhadap tubuh.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi determinan yang memengaruhi distorsi citra tubuh pada remaja putri di SMA Negeri 3 dan SMA Negeri 14 Kota Padang tahun. 2025. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sampel diambil secara purposif sebanyak 457 responden dari dua sekolah tersebut. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner yang telah divalidasi, meliputi variabel body image, status gizi, pengetahuan gizi, perilaku makan, percaya diri, sosial ekonomi, pengaruh media sosial, orang tua, teman sebaya dan peranan sosial. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji chi-square dan regresi logistik. Hasil: Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden tidak memiliki distorsi citra tubuh (68,7%), terdapat hubungan antrara status gizi, percaya diri dan teman sebaya dengan distorsi citra tubuh. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan p-value dan nilai OR, status gizi menjadi variabel yang paling signifikan berhubungan dalam memengaruhi distorsi citra tubuh. Artinya, remaja putri yang memiliki status gizi kurang berpeluang 3.40 kali lebih tinggi untuk mengalami distorsi citra tubuh dibandingkan dengan remaja dengan status gizi baik, begitu juga remaja putri yang memiliki status gizi lebih berpeluang 39,19 kali lebih tinggi untuk mengalami distorsi citra tubuh dibandingkan dengan remaja putri yang memiliki status gizi baik. Nilai R-Square (41,6%) menunjukkan bahwa variasi dalam variabel distorsi citra tubuh dapat dijelaskan oleh variabel status gizi dan kepercayaan diri.
Background: Body image distortion is a negative perception of one's own body shape and size, which is often experienced by adolescent girls and can have an impact on mental health and eating behavior. Adolescence is a period of vulnerability to social and media influences that can reinforce body dissatisfaction. Objective: This study aims to identify the determinants influencing body image distortion among adolescent girls at State High School 3 and State High School 14 in Padang City in 2025. Method: This study used an analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. A purposive sample of 457 respondents was selected from the two schools. Data were collected through a validated questionnaire, including variables such as body image, nutritional status, nutritional knowledge, eating behavior, self-confidence, socioeconomic status, social media influence, parental influence, peer influence, and social role. Data analysis was performed using chi-square tests and logistic regression. Results: The results showed that the majority of respondents did not have body image distortion (68.7%), and there was a relationship between nutritional status, self-confidence, and peers with body image distortion. Conclusion: Based on p-values and odds ratios (OR), nutritional status was the most significant variable associated with body image distortion. This means that adolescent girls with poor nutritional status are 3.40 times more likely to experience body image distortion than those with good nutritional status, and adolescent girls with overweight nutritional status are 39.19 times more likely to experience body image distortion than those with good nutritional status. The R-Square value (41.6%) indicates that variations in the body image distortion variable can be explained by the nutritional status and self-confidence variables.
T-7334
Depok : FKM-UI, 2025
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Alfian Wahyu Utama; Pembimbing: Dadan Erwandi; Penguji: Baiduri Widanarko, Mufti Wirawan, Muthia Ashifa, Bimo Prasetyo
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Sektor industri konstruksi merupakan salah satu sektor yang memiliki risiko tertinggi terkait keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja. Tingkat kematangan budaya keselamatan dari suatu proyek dan lokasi kerja memiliki peran penting untuk terciptanya budaya kerja yang aman sehingga risiko kecelakaan kerja dapat diminimalisir dan dicegah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil kematangan budaya keselamatan di salah satu proyek PT. T yang merupakan proyek ekspansi pabrik pembuatan pelumas desesuaikan dengan konsep safety culture , serta menganalis bagaimana budaya keselamatan diterapkan antara karyawan direct dan indirect, karyawan Main contractor dan karyawan subcontractor, antara karyawan dengan rentan usia dibawah 25 tahun dan karyawan dengan rentan usia diatas 25 tahun dan karyawan dengan masa kerja kurang dari 1 tahun dan karyawan dengan masa kerja lebih dari 1 tahun spesifik di proyek. Penelitian dilakukan secara kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional, menggunakan kuisioner, terhadap sampel 273 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Profil tingkat penerapan budaya keselamatan kerja yang diukur menunjukkan bahwa secara umum, budaya keselamatan di proyek PT. T berada pada tingkat baik dengan level generative. Tingkat kematangan budaya keselamatan antara karyawan direct dan indirect yang berlokasi di lapangan menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan, sedangkan hasil Analisis terhadap golongan kerja (main contractor dan subcontractor), usia, dan masa kerja tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan secara statistik. Meskipun dari hasil analisis menyebutkan lokasi kerja sudah di level budaya keselamatan yang generative, dan kategori tersebut menjelaskan bahwa lingkungan kerja positif, pekerja harus selalu aktif mendukung program-program keselamatan yang sudah diatur oleh organisasi. Selanjutnya, pekerja perlu proaktif dalam mengimplementasi program-program safety culture yang sudah di tetapkan agar angka pencapaian program dapat terlihat dalam statistik. Statistik dan tren keselamatan inilah yang nantinya penting sebagai indikator terhadap penentuan budaya keselamatan yang lebih baik.
The construction industry is one of the sectors with the highest risks related to occupational safety and health. The maturity level of safety culture at a project and worksite plays a crucial role in establishing a safe working environment, thereby minimizing and preventing work-related accidents. This study aims to assess the safety culture maturity profile at one of PT. T’s projects (specifically the expansion of a lubricant manufacturing plant) based on the safety culture concept. Additionally, the study analyzes how safety culture is implemented among direct and indirect workers, main contractor and subcontractor employees, employees aged under 25 and those over 25, as well as those with less than one year of service and those with more than one year of service at the project site. A quantitative research approach was employed using a cross-sectional design and questionnaire distributed to 273 respondents. The results show that the overall safety culture maturity profile at PT. T’s project is classified as good, falling into the generative level. A significant difference was found in the safety culture maturity level between direct and indirect employees working on site, while analysis of employee group (main contractor vs. subcontractor), age, and length of service showed no statistically significant differences. Although the project was classified as having a generative level of safety culture—indicating a positive work environment—workers are expected to actively support safety programs established by the organization. Furthermore, workers need to be proactive in implementing safety culture initiatives so that program achievements are reflected in safety statistics. These safety statistics and trends will be essential indicators in shaping and improving future safety culture development.
T-7323
Depok : FKM-UI, 2025
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Silma Farhana; Pembimbing: Caroline Endah Wuryaningsih; Penguji: Tiara Amelia, Dwi Sulistyo Watiningsih
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku deteksi dini kanker serviks metode IVA pada wanita usia subur di Kelurahan Kebon Melati tahun 2025. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain studi cross-sectional. Data primer pada penelitian ini diperoleh melalui penyebaran kuesioner kepada 100 wanita usia subur. Perilaku deteksi dini kanker serviks metode IVA merupakan variabel dependen. Sedangkan variabel independen meliputi pendidikan, pengetahuan, sikap, keterpaparan informasi, dan dukungan suami. Pengisian kuesioner secara langsung oleh peneliti sesuai jawaban dari responden dan hasilnya dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-square dengan aplikasi SPSS 22. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa 16 responden (16%) sudah melakukan deteksi dini kanker serviks metode IVA. Secara statistik, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan, keterpaparan informasi, dan dukungan suami dengan perilaku deteksi dini kanker serviks metode IVA pada wanita usia subur di kelurahan Kebon Melati tahun 2025. Hasil dari penelitian ini menyarankan kepada pihak Puskesmas untuk meningkatkan kegiatan promosi kesehatan melalui penyuluhan atau penyebaran pamflet mengenai kanker serviks dan deteksi dini IVA, serta mengadakan deteksi dini kanker serviks di tempat-tempat yang mudah dijangkau oleh wanita usia subur.
This study aims to determine the factors associated with early detection behavior of cervical cancer using the IVA method in women of childbearing age in Kebon Melati Village in 2025. This research method uses quantitative research with a cross-sectional study design. Primary data in this study were obtained through distributing questionnaires to 100 women of childbearing age. The behavior of early detection of cervical cancer using the IVA method is the dependent variable. While, the independent variables include education, knowledge, attitude, exposure to information, and husband's support. The questionnaire was filled out directly by the researcher according to the respondents' answers and the results were analyzed using the Chi-square test with the SPSS 22 application. The results of the analysis showed that 16 respondents (16%) had carried out early detection of cervical cancer using the IVA method. Statistically, there is a significant relationship between knowledge, exposure to information, and husband's support with the behavior of early detection of cervical cancer using the IVA method in women of childbearing age in Kebon Melati sub-district in 2025. The results of this study suggest that the Community Health Centers increase health promotion activities through counseling or distribution of pamphlets regarding cervical cancer and early detection of IVA, as well as conducting early detection of cervical cancer in places that are easily accessible to women of childbearing age.
This study aims to determine the factors associated with early detection behavior of cervical cancer using the IVA method in women of childbearing age in Kebon Melati Village in 2025. This research method uses quantitative research with a cross-sectional study design. Primary data in this study were obtained through distributing questionnaires to 100 women of childbearing age. The behavior of early detection of cervical cancer using the IVA method is the dependent variable. While, the independent variables include education, knowledge, attitude, exposure to information, and husband's support. The questionnaire was filled out directly by the researcher according to the respondents' answers and the results were analyzed using the Chi-square test with the SPSS 22 application. The results of the analysis showed that 16 respondents (16%) had carried out early detection of cervical cancer using the IVA method. Statistically, there is a significant relationship between knowledge, exposure to information, and husband's support with the behavior of early detection of cervical cancer using the IVA method in women of childbearing age in Kebon Melati sub-district in 2025. The results of this study suggest that the Community Health Centers increase health promotion activities through counseling or distribution of pamphlets regarding cervical cancer and early detection of IVA, as well as conducting early detection of cervical cancer in places that are easily accessible to women of childbearing age.
S-12144
Depok : FKM-UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Gita Maharani; PembimbingL: Milla Herdayati; Penguji: Martya Rahmaniati Makful, Dion Zein Nuridzin
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Latar Belakang. Kabupaten Bogor merupakan salah satu daerah di Jawa Barat dengan beban kasus TB tertinggi yang dilaporkan pada Tahun 2022 yaitu berjumlah 15.433 kasus serta prevalensi yang mencapai 413/100.000 penduduk. Hal ini menunjukan upaya penurunan prevalensi TB di daerah Jawa Barat masih kurang baik. Metode. Metode yang digunakan meliputi uji korelasi Spearman dan analisis spasial overlay terhadap data sekunder tahun 2022 dari 40 kecamatan di Kabupaten Bogor. Variabel yang dianalisis meliputi proporsi tenaga kesehatan, rasio puskesmas cakupan imunisasi BCG, proporsi penduduk miskin, pendidikan rendah, PHBS, balita gizi buruk, kepadatan penduduk, pengelolaan air dan makanan, pengelolaan sampah, serta kualitas udara dalam rumah tangga. Kesimpulan. Variabel yang memiliki hubungan signifikan secara statistik dengan kasus TB adalah penduduk miskin (R = 0.492) (P = 0.001). Sementara variabel lain menunjukkan korelasi lemah dan tidak signifikan. Analisis spasial overlay mengungkapkan pola sebaran TB yang cenderung tinggi di wilayah dengan kombinasi kerentanan sosial dan lingkungan yang juga tinggi, seperti Jonggol, Sukaraja, dan Parung.
Background. Bogor regency is one of the regions in West Java with the highest reported TB burden in 2022, totaling 15,433 cases with a prevalence of 413 per 100,000 population. Indicating that TB prevalence reduction efforts in West Java remain suboptimal. Methods. This study employed Spearman correlation test and spatial overlay analysis on secondary data from 2022, covering 40 sub-districts in Bogor Regency. The analyzed variables included the proportion of healthcare workers, ratio of health facilities, BCG immunization coverage, proportion of poor population, low education levels, PHBS, malnourished children, population density, hygienic management of water and food, household waste management, and indoor air quality. Conclusion. The variable significantly associated with TB cases was the proportion of poor population (R = 0.492; P = 0.001) The spatial overlay analysis revealed that TB distribution tended to be higher in areas with a combination of high social and environmental vulnerability, such as Jonggol, Sukaraja, and Parung.
Background. Bogor regency is one of the regions in West Java with the highest reported TB burden in 2022, totaling 15,433 cases with a prevalence of 413 per 100,000 population. Indicating that TB prevalence reduction efforts in West Java remain suboptimal. Methods. This study employed Spearman correlation test and spatial overlay analysis on secondary data from 2022, covering 40 sub-districts in Bogor Regency. The analyzed variables included the proportion of healthcare workers, ratio of health facilities, BCG immunization coverage, proportion of poor population, low education levels, PHBS, malnourished children, population density, hygienic management of water and food, household waste management, and indoor air quality. Conclusion. The variable significantly associated with TB cases was the proportion of poor population (R = 0.492; P = 0.001) The spatial overlay analysis revealed that TB distribution tended to be higher in areas with a combination of high social and environmental vulnerability, such as Jonggol, Sukaraja, and Parung.
S-12142
Depok : FKM-UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Ferriandra Henry Wicaksono; Pembimbing: Tri Krianto; Penguji: Wahyu Kurnia Yusrin Putra, Linawati
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Fase remaja merupakan periode penting dalam membentuk pola hidup sehat jangka panjang. Permasalahan akibat pola hidup tidak sehat, seperti pola makan berlebihan hingga kurangnya aktivitas fisik, berkontribusi terhadap meningkatnya kejadian berat badan berlebih (overweight dan obesitas), yang dapat memicu penyakit tidak menular seperti hipertensi, diabetes melitus tipe 2, penyakit kardiovaskular, sindrom metabolik, dll. Menurut Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) tahun 2023, Provinsi Jawa Barat merupakan salah satu provinsi dengan angka prevalensi overweight dan obesitas pada kelompok usia remaja 13-15 tahun tertinggi di Indonesia, yaitu sebesar 11,8% untuk kategori overweight dan 5,2% untuk obesitas. Berdasarkan Riskesdas tahun 2018, Kota Depok adalah salah satu kabupaten/kota dengan prevalensi overweight dan obesitas tertinggi, yaitu 11,27% untuk overweight dan 4,86% untuk obesitas. Desain penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross-sectional yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian berat badan berlebih pada SMP Negeri 3 Kota Depok tahun 2025. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa SMP Negeri 3 Kota Depok dengan pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tidak ada hubungan signifikan antara aktivitas fisik, screen on time, dan night eating syndrome dengan kejadian berat badan berlebih. Tetapi, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara asupan kalori dengan kejadian berat badan berlebih. Dengan demikian, kegiatan edukasi serta implementasi pola hidup sehat perlu dilakukan di lingkungan sekolah sebagai tindakan preventif terhadap kejadian berat badan berlebih pada siswa usia remaja.
The adolescent phase is an it mportanperiod in shaping a long-term healthy lifestyle. Problems due to unhealthy lifestyles, such as overeating and physical inactivity, contribute to the increasing incidence of overweight and obesity, which can lead to non-communicable diseases such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, etc. According to the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (IHS), West Java Province is one of the provinces with the highest prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in the adolescent age group of 13-15 years in Indonesia, which amounted to 11.8% for the overweight category and 5.2% for obesity. Based on the 2018 Riskesdas, Depok City is one of the districts/cities with the highest prevalence of overweight and obesity, which is 11.27% for overweight and 4.86% for obesity. This research design is quantitative using a cross-sectional approach that aims to determine the faktors associated with the incidence of overweight at SMP Negeri 3 Depok City in 2025. The population of this study were all students of SMP Negeri 3 Depok City with purposive sampling. The results showed that there was no significant relationship between physical activity, screen on time, and night eating syndrome with the incidence of excess weight. However, there is a significant relationship between calorie intake and the incidence of overweight. Thus, educational activities and implementation of a healthy lifestyle need to be carried out in the school environment as a preventive measure against the incidence of overweight in adolescent students.
S-11945
Depok : FKM-UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Aulia Afifah Asmin Sandagang; Pembimbing: Evi Martha; Penguji: Besral, Ujang Lukman
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Berdasarkan Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS), prevalensi perokok elektronik di Indonesia meningkat hingga 10 kali lipat dalam kurun waktu 10 tahun. Hasil Riskesdas tahun 2018 juga menunjukkan bahwa remaja adalah kelompok umur tertinggi pada angka perokok elektronik dengan SMA menjadi penyumbang kedua teratas dalam penggunaan rokok elektronik. Provinsi Jawa Barat menunjukkan proporsi konsumen rokok elektronik terbesar kedua di Indonesia. Tingginya penggunaan rokok elektronik di kalangan remaja SMA dan juga menjadi masalah bagi Provinsi Jawa Barat, serta Kota Depok dengan pelaporan tingginya remaja yang merokok. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan, sikap remaja SMA “X” Kota Depok dengan Praktik Merokok Elektronik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan studi cross-sectional. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik stratified random sampling yang diikuti sebanyak 154 responden. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji chi square untuk mengetahui hubungan antara variabel kategorik. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa gambaran pengetahuan responden mengenai rokok elektronik termasuk kategori kurang sebesar 82.5%, sikap positif terhadap rokok elektronik sebesar 62.3% dan sebesar 39% responden menggunakan rokok elektronik. Selain itu, tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan (p-value 1.000) dengan praktik merokok elektronik. Namun, ada hubungan yang signifikan antara sikap (p-value 0.0001) dengan praktik merokok elektronik. Oleh karena itu diperlukan kerjasama antara pihak sekolah, Bidang Pembinaan SMA Dinas Pendidikan, dan puskesmas untuk memperkuat kegiatan penyuluhan terkait bahaya rokok elektronik secara intensif sehingga timbul kesadaran terutama kepada remaja agar memandang bahwa rokok elektronik sama berbahayanya dengan rokok konvensional. Disarankan juga bagi SMA “X” Kota Depok mengadakan program peer educator dalam upaya pencegahan penggunaan rokok elektronik.
According to Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS), the prevalence of electronic smoking (e-smoking) in Indonesia had escalated tenfold in the past 10 years. The 2018 Riskesdas results also show that adolescents are among the highest age group in the number of e-cigarette smokers, with high school seniors being the second highest contributor of e-cigarette smoking. Research shows that West Java Province itself had contributed as the second-largest proportion of electronic cigarette consumers in Indonesia. The high use of e-cigarettes among high school adolescents is also a problem for West Java Province and Depok City, with reports of high levels of adolescent smoking. The main reason of this study consists of determining the relationship between the knowledge and attitudes of adolescents at SMA "X" in Depok City in the practice of e-smoking. This research uses quantitative methods with a cross-sectional study. Sampling was carried out using a stratified random sampling technique involving 154 respondents. The data analysis used a chi-square test to determine the relationship between categorical variables. Research results showed that the majority of respondents' knowledge regarding e-cigarettes lies in the poor category at 82.5%, proving that many still possess minimum knowledge on this part. Other results include positive attitudes towards e-cigarettes with a number of 62.3%, where around 39% of them smoked e-cigarettes. Apart from that, there was no significant relationship between knowledge (p-value 1.000) and the practice of e-smoking. However, there is a significant relationship between attitude (p-value 0.0001) and the practice of e-smoking. Therefore, cooperation is needed between schools, the Education Department's High School Development Division, and community health centers to intensively strengthen outreach activities related to the dangers of electronic cigarettes in order to raise awareness; especially among adolescents. Electronic cigarettes brings perils just as much as conventional cigarettes do, and it is highly recommended that SMA "X" Depok City hold a peer educator program to prevent the use of e-cigarettes.
S-11605
Depok : FKM-UI, 2024
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Tiska Lozikania Mawardani; Pembimbing: Ella Nurlaella Hadi; Penguji: Indang Trihandini, Ririn Arminsih Wulandari, Sukaris, Anik Luthfiyah
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Karies gigi masih menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan utama pada anak sekolah dasar di Indonesia. Orang tua khususnya ibu, memiliki peran penting dalam pencegahan karies gigi anaknya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui determinan perilaku ibu dalam pencegahan karies gigi anak di SD Muhammadiyah Kompleks Gresik Jawa Timur berdasarkan teori Health Belief Model (HBM). Desain cross sectional digunakan pada 135 ibu yang diambil melalui multistage random sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara menggunakan kuesioner tervalidasi. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square, dan regresi logistik ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 51,1% ibu berperilaku kurang baik dalam pencegahan karies gigi pada anaknya. Variabel yang berhubungan dengan perilaku ibu adalah pengetahuan (p = < 0,001), efikasi diri (p = < 0,001) dan persepsi manfaat (p = 0,013) sedangkan persepsi hambatan dan isyarat merupakan konfonding pada hubungan tersebut. Efikasi diri merupakan faktor yang dominan berhubungan dengan perilaku ibu dalam pencegahan karies gigi anak, ibu yang memiliki efikasi diri tinggi berpeluang untuk berperilaku baik hampir 14 kali dibanding yang efikasi dirinya rendah setelah dikontrol oleh pengetahuan, persepsi manfaat, persepsi hambatan dan isyarat bertindak. Untuk itu, disarankan agar pihak sekolah bersama puskesmas meningkatkan pelaksanaan program UKGS dengan melibatkan orang tua, khususnya ibu dalam kegiatan edukasi berkala setiap 6 bulan sekali terkait pencegahan karies gigi. Selain itu, diperlukan penyediaan media edukasi seperti poster atau leaflet di sekolah, serta kegiatan simulasi menyikat gigi bersama ibu dan anak secara rutin untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan efikasi diri ibu dalam menjaga kesehatan gigi anak.
Dental caries remains a major health problem among elementary school children in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the determinants of maternal behavior in preventing dental caries in children at SD Muhammadiyah Complex Gresik, East Java, based on the Health Belief Model (HBM). A cross-sectional design was applied to 135 mothers selected by multistage random sampling. Data were collected through interviews using validated questionnaires and analyzed using chi-square and logistic regression tests. The results showed that 51.1% of mothers exhibited poor behavior in preventing dental caries in their children. Factors significantly associated with maternal behavior were knowledge (p < 0.001), self-efficacy (p < 0.001), and perceived benefits (p = 0.013). Self-efficacy was identified as the dominant factor, with mothers who had high self-efficacy being nearly 14 times more likely to engage in positive preventive behavior compared to those with low self-efficacy, after adjusting for other variables. Therefore, it is recommended that schools collaborate with health centers to strengthen the implementation of the School Dental Health Program (UKGS) by involving parents, especially mothers, in educational activities held every six months related to dental caries prevention. Additionally, providing educational media such as posters or leaflets at school and organizing tooth brushing simulations with mothers and children are needed to improve mothers' knowledge and self-efficacy in maintaining their children's oral health.
T-7335
Depok : FKM-UI, 2025
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Ilmah Yanuarti Barmawi; Pembimbing: Ede Surya Darmawan; Penguji: Anhari Achadi, Helen Andriani, Sri Juniyanti, Viorentina Yofiani
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Latar belakang : Stres kerja ini dilaporkan terjadi secara global dan menempati posisi utama sebagai penyebab stres yang paling sering terjadi di antara penyebab stres lainnya. Pekerjaan sebagai terapis anak autis menurut Akanaeme et al (2021) adalah salah satu pekerjaan paling sering meningkatkan stres, karena menghadapi anak autis dengan gangguan tumbuh kembang yang kadang bersifat agresif dan impulsif. Hal ini dapat terjadi juga pada terapis anak autis di Yayasan Tumbuh Kembang Anak Shine Kids Ministry Indonesia Kota Jakarta Selatan . Tujuan : Mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan stres kerja pada terapis anak autisme di Yayasan Tumbuh Kembang Anak Shine Kids Ministry Indonesia Kota Jakarta Selatan Tahun 2024. Metode : penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan rancangan cross. Hasil : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 51,7% terapis anak autis di di Yayasan Tumbuh Kembang Anak Shine Kids Ministry Indonesia mengalami stres kerja berat, sedangkan 48,3% terapis mengalami stres kerja ringan. Berdasarkan hasil uji chi square faktor beban kerja, konflik peran, faktor komunikasi efektif dan faktor konflik keluarga berhubungan secara signifikan dengan stres kerja. Berdasarkan uji regresi logistik multivariat didapatkan hasil faktor yang paling dominan berhubungan terhadap stres kerja adalah faktor konflik keluarga (p-value 0,003) dan faktor konflik peran (p-value 0,012). Kesimpulan : Faktor konflik keluarga dan faktor konflik peran merupakan faktor yang paling dominan berhubungan terhadap stres kerja pada penelitian ini. Diperlukan mitigasi stres kerja dengan meningkatkan pemahaman mekanisme koping stres sebagai strategi pengeloaan stres kerja pada terapis anak autis di Yayasan Tumbuh Kembang Anak Shine Kids Ministry Indonesia Kota Jakarta Selatan .
Background: Occupational stress is reported occur globally and occupies a leading position as the most frequent stressor among other stressors. According to Akanaeme et al (2021), work as a therapist for autistic children is one of the most common jobs that increase stress, because they face autistic children with developmental disorders who are sometimes aggressive and impulsive. This can also happen to autistic child therapists at the Shine Kids Ministry Indonesia Child Development Foundation, South Jakarta City. Objective: To determine the factors associated with work stress in autistic children therapists at the Shine Kids Ministry Indonesia Children's Growth and Development Foundation, South Jakarta City in 2024. Method: quantitative research using cross design. Results: The results showed 51.7% of autistic children therapists at the Shine Kids Ministry Indonesia Foundation experienced severe work stress, while 48.3% of therapists experienced mild work stress. Based on the results of the chi square test, workload factors, role conflict, effective communication factors and family conflict factors are significantly related to work stress. Based on the multivariate logistic regression test, the most dominant factors related to work stress are family conflict factors (p-value 0.003) and role conflict factors (p-value 0.012). Conclusion: Family conflict factors and role conflict factors are the most dominant factors related to work stress in this study. It is necessary to mitigate work stress by increasing understanding of stress coping mechanisms as a strategy for managing work stress in autistic child therapists at the Shine Kids Ministry Indonesia Child Growth and Development Foundation, South Jakarta City.
T-7072
Depok : FKM UI, 2024
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Hana Zahidah; Pembimbing: Evi Martha; Penguji: Besral, Ujang Lukman
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Perilaku seksual pranikah adalah aktivitas seksual yang dilakukan sebelum adanya ikatan pernikahan sah yang dapat berupa pegangan tangan, pelukan, ciuman, meraba daerah sensitif tubuh, hingga melakukan hubungan seksual. Data dari Survey Demografi Kesehatan Indonesia pada kelompok usia remaja 15-19 tahun menunjukkan kenaikan dalam persentase melakukan hubungan seksual pertama kali dari tahun 2012 hingga 2017. Tingginya kasus penyimpangan seksual pada remaja membuat hal tersebut menjadi isu strategis yang diangkat Kota Depok dan banyaknya kasus pernikahan dini serta temuan perilaku seks pranikah yang kurang baik pada remaja SMA di Kecamatan Sukmajaya membuat wilayah ini rentan terhadap perilaku seksual pranikah remaja. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui determinan niat pencegahan perilaku seksual pranikah pada siswa-siswi di SMA “X” dan SMA “Y” Kecamatan Sukmajaya Kota Depok tahun 2023 berdasarkan theory of planned behavior. Penelitian ini berupa penelitian kuantitatif dengan studi analitik observasional dan menggunakan rancangan cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan teknik probability sampling dan metode simple random sampling untuk menentukan sampel dari populasi kelas XI di SMA “X” dan SMA “Y” tahun ajaran 2022/2023. Sampel di SMA “X” berjumlah 204 responden dan di SMA “Y” berjumlah 34 responden. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji chi square untuk mengetahui hubungan antara variabel kategorik. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa siswa/i di SMA “X” memiliki niat kuat untuk mencegah perilaku seksual pranikah sebesar 85.5% dan siswa/i di SMA “Y” sebesar 91.2%. Sikap, pengaruh orang tua, dan pengaruh teman sebaya memiliki hubungan dengan niat pencegahan perilaku seksual pranikah di SMA “X”. Artinya, siswa dengan sikap baik, pengaruh orang tua positif, dan pengaruh teman sebaya positif akan memiliki niat kuat untuk mencegah perilaku seksual pranikah. Sedangkan di SMA “Y” pengaruh teman sebaya memiliki hubungan dengan niat pencegahan perilaku seksual pranikah. Artinya, siswa dengan pengaruh teman sebaya positif akan memiliki niat kuat untuk mencegah perilaku seksual pranikah. Oleh karena itu diperlukan kerjasama antara pihak sekolah, Bidang Pembinaan SMA Dinas Pendidikan, dan puskesmas untuk memperkuat kegiatan tentang kesehatan reproduksi remaja yang melibatkan peran orang tua dan siswa secara aktif dalam mencegah perilaku seksual pranikah.
Premarital sexual behavior is sexual activity carried out without legal marriage bond which can take the form of holding hands, hugging, kissing, touching sensitive areas of the body, to having sexual intercourse. Data from the Indonesian Demographic Health Survey in 15-19 year age group of adolescents shows an increase in the percentage of having sexual intercourse for the first time from 2012 to 2017. The high cases of sexual deviation among adolescents has made this a strategic issue raised by Depok City and the high number of cases of early marriage as well as findings of poor premarital sexual behavior among high school adolescents in Sukmajaya District, making this district vulnerable to adolescent premarital sexual behavior. The purpose of this study was to determine the determinants of intention to prevent premarital sexual behavior in students at SMA "X" and SMA "Y" Sukmajaya District, Depok City in 2023 based on the theory of planned behavior. This research is a quantitative research with observational analytic study and uses a cross sectional design. Sampling in this study was carried out using probability sampling techniques and simple random sampling methods to determine samples from the class XI population at SMA “X” and SMA “Y” for the 2022/2023 school year. The sample in SMA "X" is 204 respondents and in SMA "Y" is 34 respondents. The data analysis used chi square test to determine the relationship between categorical variables. The results of the study found that students in SMA "X" had a strong intention to prevent premarital sexual behavior by 85.5% and students in SMA "Y" by 91.2%. Attitude, parental influence, and peer influence was associated with intention to prevent premarital sexual behavior in SMA "X", meaning that students with good attitudes, positive parental influence, and positive peer influence will have a strong intention to prevent premarital sexual behavior. Whereas in SMA "Y" peer influence was associated with the intention to prevent premarital sexual behavior, meaning that students with positive peer influence will have a strong intention to prevent premarital sexual behavior. Therefore, cooperation between school, High School Development Division of the Education Office, and puskesmas is needed to strengthen activities on adolescent reproductive health which involve the active role of parents and students in preventing premarital sexual behavior.
S-11346
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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