Pneumonia is the major causes of death due to infection in children under five around the

world, especially in developing countries including Indonesia. Indoor air pollution is one

of the risk factors that increased the incidence of pneumonia besides individual factors

and infections. This study aimed to determine the relationship between indoor PM2,5 with

the incidence of pneumonia in children under five. This was an analytic observational

study with case control design. The sample study was 78 children under five selected

from working area of Puskesmas Citeureup consisted of 26 cases and 52 controls. The

data were collected by mini particle counter and a set of questionnaire, analyzed by chi

square and multiple logistic regression. The results showed that nutritional status

(OR=12.14; 95% CI: 1.33 to 110.29), immunization status (OR=5.51; 95% CI: 1.82 to

16.69), exclusive breastfeeding (OR=3.89; 95% CI: 1.27 to 11.88), ventilation (OR=4.09;

95% CI: 1.43 to 11.75), and smoking habits at home (OR=4.09; 95% CI: 1.51 to 11.12)

associated with the incidence of pneumonia. Indoor PM2.5 were associated with

pneumonia in children under five (aOR=4,092; 95%CI: 1.08 to 15.45) after being

controlled by immunization status, exclusive breastfeeding, ventilation and smoking

habits at home.

Puskesmas Haurpanggung Keeamatan Tarogong Kidul adalah salah satu puskcsmas dari 63 puskesmas yang berada di Kabupaten Garut dengan cakupan penemuan pneumonia selama tahun 2006 menunjukkan angka yang tinggi dibandingkan dengan puskesmas lainnya yaitu 68,4%. Insifien pneumonia di Kabupaten Garut pada tahun 2006 sebesar 30,8% dan berada pada urutan pertama dari kasus penyakit dan penyebab kematian bayi dan balita dan berada pada 10 besar penyakit. Penelitian ini adalah bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor xisiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita. Pcnclitian mcnggunakan jcnis penelitian kasus kontrol dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 124 responden yang terdiri atas kasus sebanyak 62 orang dan kontrol sebanyak 62 oxang. Subyek penelitian adalah balita berumur 2 - 59 bulan yang bertempat tinggal di wilayah kelja Puskesmas I-Iaurpanggung Kecamatan Tarogong Kidul Kabupaten Garut selama bulan Juni sampai dengan Desembcr 2007. Sebagai variabel terikat kejadian pneumonia pada balita dan variabel bebas terdiri atas ventilasi, kcpadatan hunian, jenis lantai, letak dapur, jenis bahan bakar, kelembaban, pcncahayaan alami, kebiasaan merokok, dan penggunaan obat nyamuk bakar. Analisis data menggunakan metode deskriptif untuk menggambarkan distribusi frekuensi. Analisis analitik untuk mcnggambarkan hubungan antar variabel dan analisis logistik untuk menetukan prcdiksi. Faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian pnenunonia pada balita yaitu luas ventilasi, kepadatan hunian, letak dapur, pencahyaan alami, kebiasaan merokok., dan pcnggunaan obat nyamuk bakar. Faktor yang paling dominan mempengamhi kejadian Pneumonia pada balita adalah variabel kebiasaan merokok Oleh karena itu pcrlu ada upaya promosi dan sosialisasi kepada masyarakat tentang penyakit pneumonia, rumah sehat, dan bahaya asap rokok.

Haurpanggung Public Health Center in Tarogong Kidul District is ones public health center between 63 public health center at Kabupaten Gantt with coverage pneumonia evidence along 2006 indicated the high evidance number compared to another Puskemas which is 68,4%. The pneumonia evidence occurred in Garut on 2006 at about 30.8% and existed the first rank of disease evidence and coursed mortality on infant and baby under tive years old. This research purposed to know risk factor which is related to pneumonia evidence on baby under five years old. The observational utilized case control observational type with total sample are [24 respondent there are on case evidence 62 respondent and control case are 62 respondent. The observational subject was baby with 2-59 months age which is live at working area of l-laurpanggung Public Health Center in Tarogong Kidul District, Garut along June until December 2007. As dependent variable on pneumonia evidence on baby under tive years old and independent variable are on ventilation. population density. floor type, kitchen position, fuel type, humidity. natural lighting. smoking habitual and utilize anti mosquitoes bums type. The analysis data performed by descriptivcmethod to presented frequently distribution schemas. The analytic analysis pertbrmcd to presented the relation between variable and logistic analysis to make a prediction. The risk factor which is related to the pneumonia evidence on baby under five years old are wide ventilation. population density, kitchen position, natural lighting smoking habit. and using anti mosquitoes bums type. The most dominant factor was influence pneumonia evidence on baby under five years old is smoking habit variable. Therefore it is necessary to implementate the promotion to socialize program to the community about pneumonia disease. healthy house, and cigarettes smokes danger.