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Yudha Joniyan Syahputra; Pembimbing: Sutanto Priyo Hastono; Penguji: Popy Yuniar, Ely Setyawati
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Latar belakang: Diare masih menjadi permasalahan Kesehatan secara global maupun nasional. Di Indonesia, Jawa Barat memiliki persentase kejadian diare pada balita sebesar 11%. Angka ini tertinggi ke-5 secara nasional dan paling tinggi di pulau Jawa. Berbagai intervensi sudah dilakukan guna mengurangi angka diare pada balita. Namun, masih tingginya kejadian diare pada balita di Jawa Barat membuat penelitian ini diperlukan untuk mengidentifikasi determinan kejadian diare pada balita di Jawa Barat. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan data SKI 2023 dengan total sampel sebanyak 913 balita. Desain studi yang digunakan yaitu cross-sectional. Data dianalisis berdasarkan complex sample secara univariat, bivariat dengan uji chi-square, dan multivariat dengan uji regresi logistic berganda. Hasil: Faktor yang berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian diare pada balita di Jawa Barat adalah drainase limbah (p-value 0,004; OR 2,188; CI 1,283-3,733) dan fasilitas cuci tangan (p-value 0,044; OR 1,808; CI 1,017-3,213), sedangkan untuk sumber air minum dan pengolahan air minum menjadi variabel confounding. Kesimpulan: Upaya optimalisasi sanitasi di masyarakat masih perlu ditingkatkan, di samping itu upaya pencegahan masih perlu dimasifkan untuk meningkatkan keberhasilan penurunan prevalensi kejadian diare pada balita di Jawa Barat.
Background: Diarrhea remains a significant health problem globally and nationally. In Indonesia, West Java has a diarrhea prevalence of 11% among under-five children. This figure is the 5th highest nationally and the highest on Java Island. Various interventions have been implemented to reduce diarrhea rates in under-five children. However, the persistently high incidence of diarrhea in under-five children in West Java necessitates this research to identify the determinants of diarrhea incidence in under-five children in West Java. Methods: This study utilized SKI 2023 data with a total sample of 913 under-five children. A cross-sectional study design was employed. Data were analyzed using complex sample analysis, including univariate, bivariate with chi-square test, and multivariate with multiple logistic regression. Results: Factors significantly associated with diarrhea incidence in under-five children in West Java were wastewater drainage (p-value 0.004; OR 2.188; CI 1.283-3.733) and handwashing facilities (p-value 0.044; OR 1.808; CI 1.017-3.213), while drinking water source and drinking water treatment were identified as confounding variables. Conclusion: Efforts to optimize community sanitation still need to be improved. Furthermore, prevention efforts need to be intensified to enhance the successful reduction of diarrhea prevalence in under-five children in West Java.
Background: Diarrhea remains a significant health problem globally and nationally. In Indonesia, West Java has a diarrhea prevalence of 11% among under-five children. This figure is the 5th highest nationally and the highest on Java Island. Various interventions have been implemented to reduce diarrhea rates in under-five children. However, the persistently high incidence of diarrhea in under-five children in West Java necessitates this research to identify the determinants of diarrhea incidence in under-five children in West Java. Methods: This study utilized SKI 2023 data with a total sample of 913 under-five children. A cross-sectional study design was employed. Data were analyzed using complex sample analysis, including univariate, bivariate with chi-square test, and multivariate with multiple logistic regression. Results: Factors significantly associated with diarrhea incidence in under-five children in West Java were wastewater drainage (p-value 0.004; OR 2.188; CI 1.283-3.733) and handwashing facilities (p-value 0.044; OR 1.808; CI 1.017-3.213), while drinking water source and drinking water treatment were identified as confounding variables. Conclusion: Efforts to optimize community sanitation still need to be improved. Furthermore, prevention efforts need to be intensified to enhance the successful reduction of diarrhea prevalence in under-five children in West Java.
S-12090
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Laila Salsabila; Pembimbing: Sabarinah; Penguji: Popy Yuniar, Teti Tejayanti
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Kelahiran prematur merupakan penyebab kematian neonatal ketiga terbanyak di Indonesia. Kelahiran prematur dapat meningkatkan morbiditas dan mortalitas neonatal/bayi sehingga dapat berdampak pada indikator kesehatan Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi determinan kelahiran prematur di wilayah perkotaan dan perdesaan Indonesia. Data berasal dari Survei Kesehatan Indonesia 2023 dengan menggunakan desain studi potong lintang. Sampel penelitian ini adalah perempuan umur 10-54 tahun yang pernah kawin, mempunyai pengalaman reproduksi dalam kurun waktu lima tahun terakhir untuk anak terakhir dengan total sampel 32.288 responden. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji Chi Square dan regresi logistik ganda dalam analisisnya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa determinan kelahiran prematur di wilayah perkotaan dan pedesaan yaitu, kunjungan ANC, kehamilan kembar, hipertensi, dan perdarahan antepartum. Usia, ibu, ketuban pecah dini, dan metode persalinan hanya berhubungan di wilayah perkotaan, sedangkan plasenta previa hanya berhubungan di wilayah perdesaan. Kehamilan kembar menjadi variabel yang berhubungan paling dominan dengan kelahiran prematur di wilayah perkotaan dan perdesaan Indonesia
Preterm birth is the third leading cause of neonatal mortality in Indonesia. It significantly contributes to neonatal morbidity and mortality, thereby affecting the overall health indicators of the country. This study aims to identify the determinants of preterm birth in urban and rural areas of Indonesia. The data were obtained from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey using a cross-sectional study design. The study sample consisted of 32,288 ever-married women aged 10–54 years who had given birth in the last five years. Data were analyzed using chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression. The results showed that antenatal care (ANC) visits, multiple pregnancies, hypertension, and antepartum hemorrhage were significant determinants of preterm birth in both urban and rural areas. Maternal age, premature rupture of membranes, and mode of delivery were only associated with preterm birth in urban areas, while placenta previa was only significant in rural areas. Multiple pregnancies were the most dominant factor associated with preterm birth in both settings.
Preterm birth is the third leading cause of neonatal mortality in Indonesia. It significantly contributes to neonatal morbidity and mortality, thereby affecting the overall health indicators of the country. This study aims to identify the determinants of preterm birth in urban and rural areas of Indonesia. The data were obtained from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey using a cross-sectional study design. The study sample consisted of 32,288 ever-married women aged 10–54 years who had given birth in the last five years. Data were analyzed using chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression. The results showed that antenatal care (ANC) visits, multiple pregnancies, hypertension, and antepartum hemorrhage were significant determinants of preterm birth in both urban and rural areas. Maternal age, premature rupture of membranes, and mode of delivery were only associated with preterm birth in urban areas, while placenta previa was only significant in rural areas. Multiple pregnancies were the most dominant factor associated with preterm birth in both settings.
S-12016
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Salsabilla Tiara; Pembimbiing: Rico Kurniawan; Penguji: Besral, Ananda
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Latar belakang: Obesitas sentral adalah penumpukan lemak di daerah abdomen yang dapat meningkatkan berbagai risiko penyakit tidak menular lainnya. Prevalensi obesitas sentral di Indonesia juga meningkat setiap tahunnya. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara faktor sosiodemografi, faktor perilaku, faktor gangguan mental emosional, dan faktor riwayat penyakit dengan kejadian obesitas sentral pada usia dewasa di Indonesia pada tahun 2023. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan data sekunder SKI 2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional dan analisis regresi logistik berganda. Besar sampel yang didapatkan sebesar 455.036 dengan rincian sampel perempuan sebesar 253.055 dan sampel laki-laki sebesar 202.251. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa prevalensi obesitas sentral pada perempuan mencapai (65,4%), sementara pada laki-laki mencapai (25,1%). Penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa riwayat penyakit berhubungan signifikan dan menjadi faktor dominan terhadap kejadian obesitas sentral pada seluruh populasi (AOR Perempuan: 1,96; AOR Laki-laki: 2,37). Kesimpulan: Tingginya angka obesitas sentral pada penduduk usia dewasa mengindikasikan perlunya upaya pencegahan yang serius, terutama dalam meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat untuk mengatur pola hidup sehat yang lebih baik. Upaya ini dapat dilakukan melalui promosi kesehatan dan kolaborasi antar pihak.
Background: Central obesity is the accumulation of fat in the abdominal region that can increase the risk of various other non-communicable diseases. The prevalence of central obesity in Indonesia is also increasing every year. Objective: This study aims to see the relationship between sociodemographic factors, behavioral factors, mental emotional disorder factors, and disease history factors with the incidence of central obesity in adults in Indonesia in 2023. Methods: This study is a quantitative study using secondary data from SKI 2023. This study used a cross-sectional design and multiple logistic regression analysis. The sample size obtained was 455,036 with details of the female sample of 253,055 and the male sample of 202,251. Results: The results showed that the prevalence of central obesity in women reached (65.4%), while in men it reached (25.1%). This study showed that a history of disease was significantly associated and was the dominant factor in the incidence of central obesity in the entire population. (Female AOR: 1.96; Male AOR: 2.37). Conclusion: The high rate of central obesity in the adult population indicates the need for serious prevention efforts, especially in increasing public awareness to organize a better healthy lifestyle. This effort can be done through health promotion and collaboration between parties.
S-11988
Depok : FKM-UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Nindya Rimalivia; Pembimbing: Sudijanto Kamso; Penguji: Martya Rahmaniati Makful, Selamat Riyadi
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Penyakit tidak menular menjadi tantangan serius dalam kesehatan global, terutama di tengah era globalisasi yang mendorong perubahan gaya hidup masyarakat ke arah yang kurang sehat. Salah satu penyakit tidak menular yang menyebabkan tingginya angka kematian adalah penyakit kardiovaskular dengan hipertensi merupakan faktor risiko utamanya. Hipertensi seringkali tidak bergejala, namun dapat menyebabkan komplikasi berat seperti stroke dan penyakit jantung. Berdasarkan data SKI tahun 2023, proporsi hipertensi di Provinsi Jawa Barat mencapai 34,4% tertinggi ketiga di Indonesia dan melebihi proporsi nasional dengan persentase 30,8%. Kondisi ini menjadi perhatian khusus mengingat Jawa Barat merupakan provinsi dengan jumlah penduduk terbesar sehingga perubahan kecil sekalipun dalam angka kejadian dapat berdampak signifikan terhadap beban nasional. Selain itu, hipertensi tidak lagi hanya menjadi permasalahan kesehatan lanjut usia, tetapi juga semakin banyak ditemukan pada penduduk usia produktif yang dapat berdampak pada menurunnya produktivitas tenaga kerja dan meningkatkan beban ketergantungan di masa tua. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan hipertensi pada penduduk usia produktif di Jawa Barat. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah SKI 2023 dengan desain studi potong lintang (cross sectional) dengan total sampel yang memenuhi kriteria sebanyak 27.452 penduduk usia produktif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa proporsi hipertensi pada penduduk usia produktif di Jawa Barat sebanyak 23,5%. Adapun faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan hipertensi meliputi usia, pendidikan, tempat tinggal, konsumsi makanan berlemak, berkolesterol, dan gorengan, diabetes mellitus, serta obesitas sentral. Didapatkan juga faktor yang paling dominan terhadap hipertensi adalah obesitas sentral (AOR = 2,733; 95% CI: 2,530–2,952). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, masyarakat disarankan untuk memperhatikan lingkar pinggang agar tetap dalam batas normal sebagai upaya mencegah obesitas sentral. Sementara itu, masyarakat dengan obesitas sentral disarankan untuk rutin memeriksakan tekanan darah dan menerapkan pola hidup sehat untuk mencegah komplikasi lebih lanjut.
Non-communicable diseases have become a serious global health challenge, especially in the era of globalization that encourages lifestyle changes toward less healthy behaviors. One of the leading NCDs contributing to high mortality is cardiovascular disease, with hypertension being its primary risk factor. Hypertension often presents without symptoms but can lead to severe complications such as stroke and heart disease. According to the 2023 SKI data, the prevalence of hypertension in West Java Province reached 34.4%, the third highest in Indonesia and exceeding the national average of 30.8%. This issue is particularly concerning given that West Java is the most populous province in the country, where even minor changes in incidence can have a significant impact on the national burden. Moreover, hypertension is no longer confined to older adults, it is increasingly affecting individuals of productive age, which may reduce workforce productivity and increase dependency in later years. This study aimed to identify factors associated with hypertension among the productive-age population in West Java. The data source was the 2023 SKI, using a cross-sectional study design with a total sample of 27.452 individuals who met the inclusion criteria. The results showed that the prevalence of hypertension among the productive-age population in West Java was 23.5%. Factors associated with hypertension included age, education level, place of residence, consumption of fatty, high-cholesterol, and fried foods, diabetes mellitus, and central obesity. Central obesity was identified as the most dominant factor associated with hypertension (AOR = 2.733; 95% CI: 2.530–2.952). Based on these findings, greater attention should be given to maintaining waist circumference within a normal range to prevent central obesity. Individuals with central obesity are encouraged to have regular blood pressure checks and adopt healthier habits to reduce the risk of further complications.
S-11941
Depok : FKM-UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Zainab Mardhiyah; Pembimbing: Budi Utomo; Penguji: Rico Kurniawan, Mutmainah Indriyati
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Penyebab utama kematian balita di Indonesia adalah pneumonia. Pemberian ASI eksklusif dan suplementasi vitamin A direkomendasikan sebagai strategi pencegahan pneumonia. Meskipun cakupan keduanya telah mencapai target, prevalensi pneumonia meningkat dari 4,8% (2018) menjadi 15% (2023). Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis hubungan pemberian ASI eksklusif dan vitamin A dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita usia 12–23 bulan di Indonesia. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah potong lintang dengan menggunakan data Survei Kesehatan Indonesia 2023. Analisis dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat. Hasil menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan antara pemberian ASI eksklusif dan vitamin A dengan kejadian pneumonia. Setelah mempertimbangkan variabel interaksi dan mengontrol variabel perancu (jenis kelamin, riwayat diare, dan sumber air minum) ditemukan peningkatan risiko pada balita yang tidak berikan ASI eksklusif (AOR: 1,466; 95%CI: 0,928 – 2,315), meskipun tidak signifikan secara statistik. Sementara itu, hubungan pemberian vitamin A dengan kejadian pneumonia menjadi signifikan (AOR: 3,029; 95%CI: 1,339 – 6,852). Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penguatan program edukasi melalui pemberdayaan masyarakat sebagai strategi promotif-preventif untuk meningkatkan perilaku pemberian ASI eksklusif dan vitamin A dalam upaya pencegahan pneumonia pada balita.
Pneumonia is the leading causes of death among children under five in Indonesia. Exclusive breastfeeding and vitamin A supplementation are recommended strategies for preventing pneumonia. Although the coverage of both has reached national targets, the prevalence of pneumonia increased from 4.8% in 2018 to 15% in 2023. This study aimed to examine the association between exclusive breastfeeding and vitamin A supplementation with the incidence of pneumonia among children aged 12–23 months in Indonesia. This study used a cross-sectional design based on data from 2023 SKI. Data analysis was conducted using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate methods. The results showed no statistically significant association between exclusive breastfeeding and vitamin A supplementation with pneumonia incidence. However, after considering interaction variables and controlling for confounding variables (child’s sex, history of diarrhea, and drinking water source), an increased risk of pneumonia was found among children who were not exclusively breastfed (AOR: 1.466; 95% CI: 0.928–2.315), although the association was not statistically significant. Meanwhile, the association between vitamin A supplementation and pneumonia became statistically significant (AOR: 3.029; 95% CI: 1.339–6.852). Therefore, strengthening educational programs through community empowerment is needed as a promotive-preventive strategy to improve exclusive breastfeeding and vitamin A practices in efforts to prevent pneumonia in children.
Pneumonia is the leading causes of death among children under five in Indonesia. Exclusive breastfeeding and vitamin A supplementation are recommended strategies for preventing pneumonia. Although the coverage of both has reached national targets, the prevalence of pneumonia increased from 4.8% in 2018 to 15% in 2023. This study aimed to examine the association between exclusive breastfeeding and vitamin A supplementation with the incidence of pneumonia among children aged 12–23 months in Indonesia. This study used a cross-sectional design based on data from 2023 SKI. Data analysis was conducted using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate methods. The results showed no statistically significant association between exclusive breastfeeding and vitamin A supplementation with pneumonia incidence. However, after considering interaction variables and controlling for confounding variables (child’s sex, history of diarrhea, and drinking water source), an increased risk of pneumonia was found among children who were not exclusively breastfed (AOR: 1.466; 95% CI: 0.928–2.315), although the association was not statistically significant. Meanwhile, the association between vitamin A supplementation and pneumonia became statistically significant (AOR: 3.029; 95% CI: 1.339–6.852). Therefore, strengthening educational programs through community empowerment is needed as a promotive-preventive strategy to improve exclusive breastfeeding and vitamin A practices in efforts to prevent pneumonia in children.
S-12110
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Wilujeng Fajriyatil Fitri; Pembimbing: Besral; Penguji: Martya Rahmaniati Makful, Zakiah
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Berat badan lahir rendah berkontribusi terhadap morbiditas dan mortalitas neonatal, menjadikannya indikator penting kesehatan ibu dan anak. Data Riskesdas 2018 dan SKI 2023 menunjukkan prevalensi BBLR di Indonesia belum mengalami penurunan signifikan, dengan variasi antarwilayah, sehingga perlu penelitian tentang determinan BBLR berdasarkan regional. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan data sekunder SKI 2023, dianalisis berdasarkan lima regional Indonesia menggunakan uji chi-square dan regresi logistik. Hasil menunjukkan variasi proporsi BBLR antarregional, dengan Sulawesi tertinggi dan Sumatera terendah. Di Sumatera, faktor terkait BBLR adalah anemia, plasenta previa, kehamilan kembar, kelahiran prematur, dan interaksi kehamilan kembar dengan komplikasi. Di Jawa-Bali, faktor yang berhubungan adalah paritas, komplikasi kehamilan, kehamilan kembar, jenis kelamin, kelahiran prematur, dan kelahiran prematur yang berinteraksi dengan kehamilan kembar. Di Kalimantan, faktor terkait adalah usia ibu, paritas, komplikasi, serta interaksi kehamilan kembar dengan jenis kelamin dan kelahiran prematur. Di Sulawesi, faktor yang berhubungan adalah status ekonomi, pendidikan ibu, paritas, konsumsi tablet tambah darah, komplikasi, plasenta previa, kehamilan kembar, jenis kelamin, dan kelahiran prematur. Di Papua, Maluku, Nusa Tenggara, faktor terkait adalah status ekonomi, paritas, komplikasi, dan interaksi kehamilan kembar dengan kelahiran prematur. Diperlukan intervensi berbasis wilayah untuk meningkatkan pelayanan kesehatan ibu hamil, terutama di Sulawesi, dengan fokus pada faktor risiko utama seperti kehamilan kembar, kelahiran prematur, dan anemia.
Low Birth Weight (LBW) contributes to neonatal morbidity and mortality, making it an important indicator of maternal and child health. The 2018 Riskesdas data and the 2023 SKI reveal that the LBW prevalence in Indonesia has not significantly decreased, with regional variations, indicating the need for research on the regional determinants of LBW. This cross-sectional study uses secondary data from SKI 2023, analyzed across five regions in Indonesia using chi-square tests and logistic regression. The results show regional variations in LBW proportions, with Sulawesi having the highest and Sumatra the lowest prevalence. In Sumatra, factors associated with LBW include anemia, placenta previa, multiple pregnancies, prematurity, and interactions between multiple pregnancies and complications. In Java-Bali, factors associated with LBW include parity, pregnancy complications, multiple pregnancies, gender, prematurity, and the interaction between prematurity and multiple pregnancies. Kalimantan's related factors are maternal age, parity, complications, and interactions between multiple pregnancies, gender, and prematurity. In Sulawesi, factors related to LBW include maternal socioeconomic status, education, parity, iron supplement consumption, complications, placenta previa, multiple pregnancies, gender, and prematurity. Papua, Maluku, and Nusa Tenggara show associations with socioeconomic status, parity, complications, and interactions between multiple pregnancies and prematurity. Regional-based interventions are needed to improve maternal health services, especially in Sulawesi, with a focus on key risk factors such as multiple pregnancies, prematurity, and anemia.
S-11951
Depok : FKM-UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Annabel Serafina; Pembimbing: Milla Herdayati; Penguji: Martya Rahmaniati Makful, Dion Zein Nuridzin
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Latar Belakang: Pneumonia menyebabkan banyak kematian pada anak-anak di seluruh dunia, termasuk di Indonesia. Pneumonia menyebabkan sebanyak 15,3% kematian pada anak usia 29 hari–11 bulan dan 12,5% kematian pada anak balita usia 12–59 bulan di Indonesia pada tahun 2022. Di Provinsi Jawa Timur, prevalensi pneumonia balita mencapai 3,32%, lebih tinggi dari prevalensi nasional sebesar 1,56%. Hal ini menjadikan Provinsi Jawa Timur sebagai provinsi dengan prevalensi pneumonia balita tertinggi ketiga di Indonesia. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan pola sebaran kasus pneumonia dan faktor risikonya pada balita di Provinsi Jawa Timur pada tahun 2022. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi ekologi dengan analisis autokorelasi spasial global dan lokal menggunakan Moran’s I. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya autokorelasi spasial imunisasi dasar lengkap dengan kasus pneumonia pada balita. Kasus pneumonia pada balita membentuk pola mengelompok dengan variabel kepadatan penduduk, ASI eksklusif, suplementasi vitamin A, penggunaan bahan bakar utama untuk memasak yang berisiko, dan keberadaan puskesmas. Sementara itu, kasus pneumonia pada balita membentuk pola menyebar dengan variabel penduduk miskin, berat badan lahir rendah, dan gizi buruk. Kesimpulan dan Saran: Kasus pneumonia pada balita dan faktor-faktor risikonya membentuk pola yang berbeda-beda. Pencegahan dan pengendalian pneumonia pada balita dapat disesuaikan dengan karakteristik dari masing-masing kabupaten/kota.
Background: Pneumonia causes many deaths in children throughout the world, including in Indonesia. Pneumonia causes 15.3% of deaths in children aged 29 days–11 months and 12.5% of deaths in children aged 12–59 months in Indonesia in 2022. In East Java Province, the prevalence of pneumonia in under-five children reached 3.32%, higher than the national prevalence of 1.56%. This makes East Java Province the province with the third highest prevalence of under-five children pneumonia in Indonesia. Objective: This study aims to obtain patterns of pneumonia cases and risk factors among under-five children in East Java Province in 2022. Methods: This study uses an ecological study design with global and local spatial autocorrelation analysis using Moran's I. Results: The results show spatial autocorrelation in complete basic immunization in cases of pneumonia in under-five children. Pneumonia cases in under-five children form a pattern that clusters with population density, exclusive breastfeeding, vitamin A supplementation, risky use of primary fuel for cooking, and the presence of community health centers. Meanwhile, cases of pneumonia in under-five children form a widespread pattern with variables such as poverty, low birth weight, and poor nutrition. Conclusions and Recommendations: Pneumonia cases in under-five children and their risk factors form different patterns. Prevention and control of pneumonia in under-five children can be adjusted to the characteristics of each regency/city.
S-11666
Depok : FKM-UI, 2024
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Pelegia Samira Pattdiana Sitompul; Pembimbing: Besral; Penguji: Martya Makful Rahmaniati, Retno Kusuma Dewi
Abstrak:
Penelitian dilakukan dengan melakukan analisis s dan bivariat dengan menggunakan analisis spasial serta uji korelasi pada variabel untuk mengetahui hubungan faktor yang ada terhadap jumlah kasus baru tuberkulosis paru BTA positif di Jawa Barat. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian sebanyak 135 yang merupakan seluruh kabupaten dan kota di Jawa Barat pada tahun 2015 hingga 2019. Hasil analisis korelasi yang dilakukan menunjukkan terdapat jumlah keluarga miskin (p-value = 0,000), jumlah puskesmas (p-value = 0,003), jumlah desa siaga (p-value = 0,000), jumlah rumah sakit umum (p-value = 0,007), dan jumlah dokter umum (p-value = 0,038) dimana keenam variabel memiliki p-value dibawah 0,05. Koefisien korelasi yang didapatkan menunjukkan variabel jumlah dokter umum (0,153) memiliki hubungan yang sangat rendah dan variabel jumlah keluarga miskin (0,306), jumlah puskesmas (-0,236), jumlah desa siaga (-0,283) dan jumlah RSU (-0,210) memiliki hubungan yang rendah terhadap insiden tuberkulosis paru BTA positif di Jawa Barat.Program penanggulangan tuberkulosis di Jawa Barat penting untuk dilaksanakan dengan baik untuk mengurangi jumlah penyakit tuberkulosis kedepannya.
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S-10710
Depok : FKM-UI, 2021
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Patricia Roulina; Pembimbing: Tris Eryando; Penguji: Besral, Lina Antono
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Hipertensi dapat menyebabkan komplikasi serius, seperti penyakit jantung, stroke, dan gagal ginjal, sehingga menjadi penyebab utama kematian dini. Prevalensi hipertensi pada orang dewasa usia 30−79 tahun di dunia mencapai 33% di tahun 2019. Hipertensi dapat terjadi pada berbagai kelompok, termasuk pekerja, yang berdampak pada produktivitas dan kesehatan jangka panjang. Identifikasi faktor risiko hipertensi penting dilakukan sebagai dasar upaya pencegahan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang dengan menganalisis data sekunder medical check up, pengukuran komposisi tubuh, dan data karakteristik pekerja tahun 2024. Prevalensi hipertensi pada pekerja PT X tahun 2024 sebesar 10,3%. Hasil analisis menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara usia, masa kerja, dislipidemia, komposisi tubuh, dan dimensi lemak dengan hipertensi. Risiko hipertensi meningkat pada pekerja usia 40−49 tahun (AOR: 3,22) dan ≥ 50 tahun (AOR: 4,15), masa kerja > 20 tahun (AOR: 3,83), dislipidemia (AOR: 1,55), komposisi tubuh lemak tinggi dan otot rendah (AOR: 2,15), dan dimensi lemak tinggi (AOR: 2,46). Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya pencegahan melalui edukasi kesehatan, pemeriksaan tekanan darah dan komposisi tubuh secara berkala, serta pengembangan program penurunan kadar lemak tubuh untuk menekan risiko hipertensi.
Hypertension can lead to serious complications such as heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure, making it a leading cause of premature death. The global prevalence of hypertension among adults aged 30–79 years reached 33% in 2019. Hypertension can affect various population groups, including workers, impacting their productivity and long-term health. Identifying hypertension risk factors is important to support targeted prevention efforts. This study used a cross-sectional design by analyzing secondary data from medical check-up, body composition measurement, and worker characteristic in 2024. The prevalence of hypertension among PT X workers in 2024 was 10.3%. The analysis showed significant associations between age, work tenure, dyslipidemia, body composition, and fat dimension with hypertension. The risk of hypertension increased among workers aged 40–49 years (AOR: 3,22) and ≥ 50 years (AOR: 4,15), with work tenure > 20 years (AOR: 3,83), dyslipidemia (AOR: 1,55), high body fat and low muscle composition (AOR: 2,15), and high fat dimension (AOR: 2,46). Therefore, preventive efforts through health education, regular blood pressure and body composition monitoring, and fat reduction programs are needed to control the risk of hypertension.
Hypertension can lead to serious complications such as heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure, making it a leading cause of premature death. The global prevalence of hypertension among adults aged 30–79 years reached 33% in 2019. Hypertension can affect various population groups, including workers, impacting their productivity and long-term health. Identifying hypertension risk factors is important to support targeted prevention efforts. This study used a cross-sectional design by analyzing secondary data from medical check-up, body composition measurement, and worker characteristic in 2024. The prevalence of hypertension among PT X workers in 2024 was 10.3%. The analysis showed significant associations between age, work tenure, dyslipidemia, body composition, and fat dimension with hypertension. The risk of hypertension increased among workers aged 40–49 years (AOR: 3,22) and ≥ 50 years (AOR: 4,15), with work tenure > 20 years (AOR: 3,83), dyslipidemia (AOR: 1,55), high body fat and low muscle composition (AOR: 2,15), and high fat dimension (AOR: 2,46). Therefore, preventive efforts through health education, regular blood pressure and body composition monitoring, and fat reduction programs are needed to control the risk of hypertension.
S-12111
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Shafa Aura Dian Insani; Pembimbing: Budi Utomo; Penguji: Rico Kurniawan, Sudibyo Alimoeso
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Latar Belakang: KB memiliki sejarah keberhasilan dalam meningkatkan pemakaian kontrasepsi modern dalam waktu relatif pendek, yaitu dari 10% di awal dekade 1970-an menjadi sekitar 60% di awal 2000-an. Namun, pada kurun waktu tersebut hingga 2017 terjadi pergeseran dominasi metode kontrasepsi yang digunakan oleh perempuan usia subur berstatus kawin, yaitu dari penggunaan metode kontrasepsi yang beragam menjadi dominasi Non MKJP, khususnya suntik KB.
Metode: Analisis data sekunder dilakukan dengan menggunakan data SKI tahun 2023. Uji chi-square dan regresi logistik dengan interval kepercayaan 95% digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk menggambarkan kekuatan hubungan antar variabel.
Hasil: Cakupan penggunaan MKJP pada perempuan usia subur berstatus kawin di Indonesia dalam penelitian ini mencapai 28,8%. Hasil analisis multivariabel menunjukkan bahwa variabel yang memiliki hubungan secara statistik antara lain adalah usia, pendidikan responden, status pekerjaan responden, paritas, status ekonomi, wilayah administratif, pendidikan pasangan, dan konseling KB.
Kesimpulan: Semakin tingginya tingkat pendidikan yang ditempuh oleh seorang perempuan, semakin tinggi juga peluang yang dimilikinya untuk menggunakan MKJP. Hal ini disebabkan karena dengan tingkat pendidikan tersebut perempuan akan cenderung lebih mudah memahami informasi dan manfaat MKJP, serta memiliki kapasitas lebih besar dalam pengambilan keputusan terkait kontrasepsi. Oleh karenanya, peningkatan akses dan kualitas informasi dapat menjadi salah satu strategi yang dapat mendorong penggunaan MKJP secara lebih luas.a
Background: The family planning program has a history of success in increasing the use of modern contraceptives within a relatively short period, rising from 10% in the early 1970s to around 60% in the early 2000s. However, during that period up to 2017, there was a shift in the dominant contraceptive methods used by women of reproductive age—from a variety of methods to a dominance of non-long-acting and permanent methods (non-LARCs), particularly injectable contraceptives. Method: The proportion of long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) use among women of reproductive age in Indonesia in this study reached 28.8%. The multivariable analysis showed that several variables were statistically associated with LARC use, including age, respondent’s education, respondent’s employment status, parity, economic status, administrative region, partner’s education, and FP counseling. Results: Women with a secondary education level are more likely to use long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARCs). This is because, at this level of education, women tend to better understand information regarding the benefits of LARCs and have greater capacity in making decisions related to contraception. Therefore, improving access to and the quality of information may serve as an effective strategy to promote broader use of LARCs. Conclusion: The higher the level of education attained by a woman, the greater her likelihood of using long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARCs). This is because women at this education level tend to understand information about the benefits of LARCs more easily and have greater capacity in making decisions related to contraception. Therefore, improving access to and the quality of information can be an effective strategy to encourage wider use of LARCs.
S-11953
Depok : FKM-UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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