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Seiring dengan peningkatan pendidikan, semakin banyak masyarakat Indonesia yang
bekerja di perkantoran. Sektor perkantoran tidak luput dari berbagai potensi bahaya dan
risiko, baik yang berasal dari pekerjaannya ataupun dari lingkungan kerjanya. Oleh
karena itu, implementasi K3 di lingkungan perkantoran diperlukan untuk mencegah dan
mengurangi penyakit akibat kerja dan penyakit lain, serta kecelakaan kerja pada
karyawan, dan menciptakan perkantoran yang aman, nyaman, dan efisien untuk
meningkatkan produktivitas kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis
implementasi standar K3 perkantoran di kantor PT X Gandul, menganalisis faktor yang
berhubungan dengan hasil implementasi tersebut, dan memberikan rekomendasi
perbaikan terkait implementasi K3 Perkantoran. Penelitian menggunakan metode analisis
deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif melalui observasi, wawancara, dan telaah
dokumen untuk menilai penerapan K3 pada aspek kebijakan, keselamatan kerja,
kesehatan kerja, ergonomi, dan kesehatan lingkungan kerja. Hasil penilaian menunjukkan
bahwa implementasi K3 di kantor PT X Gandul secara umum berada pada kategori sangat
baik dengan capaian total 84%, di mana aspek kebijakan (100%), keselamatan kerja
(91%), ergonomi (85%), dan kesehatan lingkungan kerja (92%) memperoleh nilai sangat
baik, sementara aspek kesehatan kerja berada pada kategori baik dengan capaian 66%.
Faktor utama yang mendukung keberhasilan implementasi K3 di kantor PT X Gandul
adalah komitmen manajemen, ketersediaan sumber daya, tingkat pengetahuan dan
awareness pekerja, serta evaluasi dan pemantauan berkala. Namun, ditemukan beberapa
indikator yang belum terpenuhi seperti ketiadaan water sprinkler dan heat detector,
ketiadaan stopper pada slot parkir, ketiadaan jalur khusus troli, belum optimalnya fasilitas
ruang ASI, serta pengelolaan sampah yang perlu ditingkatkan. Penelitian ini
merekomendasikan PT X untuk melakukan peningkatan pada fasilitas pendukung,
pemerataan program kesehatan kerja pada seluruh kantor PT X, membuat KPI perprogram, dan melakukan pembagian tugas secara spesifik sesuai pilar K3KL. Selain itu,
peneliti juga merekomendasikan adanya pengkajian ulang indikator penilaian pada
Permenkes Nomor 48 Tahun 2016 dan Instrumen Penilaian Mandiri, agar lebih fleksibel
dan relevan dengan kondisi nyata perkantoran di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian ini
diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan dalam pengembangan kebijakan dan praktik K3
perkantoran yang lebih efektif dan berkelanjutan.
Along with the increase in education, more and more Indonesian people work in offices. The office sector is not free from various potential hazards and risks, both from their work and from their work environment. Therefore, the implementation of K3 in the office environment is needed to prevent and reduce occupational diseases and other diseases, as well as work accidents in employees, and to create a safe, comfortable, and efficient office to increase work productivity. This study aims to analyze the implementation of K3 office standards at the PT X Gandul office, analyze factors related to the results of the implementation, and provide recommendations for improvements related to the implementation of K3 Office. The study uses a descriptive analysis method with a qualitative approach through observation, interviews, and document reviews to assess the implementation of K3 in the aspects of policy, occupational safety, occupational health, ergonomics, and work environment health. The assessment results show that the implementation of K3 at the PT X Gandul office is generally in the very good category with a total achievement of 84%, where the aspects of policy (100%), occupational safety (91%), ergonomics (85%), and work environment health (92%) received very good scores, while the occupational health aspect is in the good category with an achievement of 66%. The main factors supporting the success of K3 implementation in PT X Gandul office are management commitment, availability of resources, level of knowledge and awareness of workers, and periodic evaluation and monitoring. However, several indicators were found that have not been met such as the absence of water sprinklers and heat detectors, the absence of stoppers in parking slots, the absence of special trolley lanes, suboptimal breastfeeding room facilities, and waste management that needs to be improved. This study recommends PT X to improve supporting facilities, equalize occupational health programs in all PT X offices, create KPIs per program, and divide tasks specifically according to the K3KL pillars. In addition, the researcher also recommends a review of the assessment indicators in Permenkes Number 48 of 2016 and the Independent Assessment Instrument, to be more flexible and relevant to the real conditions of offices in Indonesia. The results of this study are expected to be a reference in developing more effective and sustainable office K3 policies and practices.
Employee perceptions of implementation occupational health and safety management system (OHSMS) is the view of employees to what is given the company aims to secure the safety and health of employees work. The main objective of this study was to determine the employees' perception of the implementation occupational health and safety management system at PT. X. PT. X is a heavy equipment distributor that has the level of hazard and risk is quite high for employees working in the field. This research is descriptive analytic. With the number of respondents involved in this study as many as 133 people. This study was conducted using questionnaires. PT. X has implemented an occupational health and safety management system throughout the work area by integrating based on OHSAS 18001 and PP 50 in 2012.
Pemerintah mendorong agar setiap perusahaan melakukan penerapan SMK3 di lingkungan kerja masing-masing. Sesuai dengan Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 50 Tahun 2012. Penerapan K3 sering kali dianggap sebagai cost atau beban biaya bagi perusahaan, bukan investasi untuk mencegah kecelakaan kerja. Menurut data organisasi perburuhan internasional (ILO) sekitar 2,78 juta pekerja meninggal setiap tahun karena kecelakaan kerja dan penyakit akibat kerja. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesesuaian Kinerja SMK3 dan tingkat pemahaman budaya keselamatan karyawan di Perusahaan X. Data Penelitian meliputi data primer dengen FGD menggunakan kuisioner safety culture maturity The Hudson Model dalam 6 kelompok Jabatan dan data sekunder (hasil temuan eksternal audit ISO 45001 : 2018 dan SMK3 sesuai PP No. 50 tahun 2012). Metodelogi penelitian menggunakan deskriptif analitik dan mix metode (semi kuantitatif dan kualitatif). Ada 20 variabel metode Hudson diperoleh tingkat kematangan budaya pada angka 3,33 (kategori Kalkulatif). Ini berarti keselamatan dianggap sebagai tanggung jawab Petugas K3 atau unit K3 saja yang berfokus terhadap pemenuhan standar atau peraturan saja yang menjadi minimum requirement. Tingkat pengukuran kinerja SMK3 perusahaan telah berada di level memuaskan menunjukan bahwa hasil SMK3 Perusahaan mengkonfirmasi apa yang dideteksi tingkat kematangan budaya keselamatan Perusahaan baru mulai untuk pemenuhan standar K3 dan kebutuhan peraturan perundang-undang. Perusahaan belum melakukan improvement ke arah generative yang sesungguhnya untuk menuju level proaktif dan generative tidak bisa hanya berfokus pada kebutuhan SMK3 namun banyak hal yang dibutuhkan improvement. Jika Perusahaan ingin menuju tingkat proaktif keselamatan dan nilai tingkat budaya generative maka keselamatan harus menjadi nilai yang diyakini secara bersama di seluruh organsasi dan unit kerja.
The government encourages every company to implement SMK3 in their respective work environments. In accordance with Republic of Indonesia Government Regulation Number 50 of 2012. Implementing K3 is often considered a cost or burden for companies, not an investment to prevent work accidents. According to data from the International Labor Organization (ILO), around 2.78 million workers die every year due to work accidents and occupational diseases. The research aims to analyze the suitability of SMK3 performance and the level of understanding of employee safety culture at Company in accordance with PP No. 50 of 2012). The research methodology uses analytical descriptive and mixed methods (semi quantitative and qualitative). There are 20 variables in the Hudson method, the level of cultural maturity is 3.33 (Calculative category). This means that safety is considered the responsibility of the K3 Officer or K3 unit which focuses on fulfilling standards or regulations which are the minimum requirements. The level of measurement of the company's SMK3 performance has been at a satisfactory level, indicating that the Company's SMK3 results confirm what was detected. The maturity level of the company's safety culture is just starting to fulfill K3 standards and statutory regulatory requirements. The company has not made improvements in a truly generative direction. In order to reach a proactive and generative level, it cannot only focus on SMK3 needs, but there are many things that need improvement. If the Company wants to move towards a proactive level of safety and a generative cultural value level, then safety must become a value that is shared across the organization and work units. Key words: Conformity, Safety Performance, Safety Culture Maturity Level
Setiap kasus insiden dipicu berbagai faktor penyebab dasar dan penyebab langsung berupa faktor pekerjaan dan faktor pribadi. Mengacu pada teori Heinrich bahwa faktor pribadi adalah 80% penyebab dasar terjadinya insiden, maka faktor pribadi pekerja harus dikelola serius, antara Iain melalui pelatihan K3 yang tepat guna dan tepat sasaran. Untuk mendapatkan gambaran pelatihan K3 yang tepat guna dan tepat sasaran, tesis ini membahas bagaimana melakukan sebuah analisis kebutuhan pelatihan K3 bagi operator dan mekanik di PT. X, sebuah perusahaan pertambangan batubara terbuka. Kasus insiden tertinggi perusahaan ini menimpa operator alat berat dan mekanik. Populasi kedua jabatan ini paling tinggi dibanding jabatan lainnya dengan faktor risiko K3 yang juga paling tinggi. Mayoritas penyebab dasar insiden yang terjadi adalah faktor pribadi yang terkait dengan kurang pengetahun, stres psikologis. dan perilaku. Proses zmalisis kebutuhan pelatihan yang digunakan dalam tesis ini adalah: analisis organisasi, yaitu untuk mengambarkan dukungan organisasi atas penyelenggaraan pelatihan; analisis tugas, yaitu untuk mendapatkan gambaran jenis pelatihan yang dibutuhkan berdasarkan tugas yang dilakukan dan faktor risiko kerjanya; dan analisis personal, yaitu untuk rnendapatkan gambaran kompetensi jabatan yang dimiliiki pekerja. Selanjutnya dilakukan kategorisasi pelatihan K3 berdasarkan tujuan pelatihan. Pendekatan kualitatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Tujuannya adalah untuk dapat lebih mengeksplorasi faktor risiko yang dihadapi operator dan mekanik, dan mengeksplorasi jenis pelatihan K3 yang dibutuhkan kedua jabatan temebut melalui diskusi dengan level manajemen kedua jabatan tensebut dan manajemen yang mengclola pengembangan sumber daya manusia melalui pelatihan. Diskusi yang dilakul-ran borpegang pada ceklis pelatihan yang telah disiapkan peneliti, tujuarmya adalah sebagai pedornan yang mernpennudah proses diskusi. Pada akhirnya, penelitian ini dapat menggambarkan bahwa manajemen PT. X mendulcung penuh pelaksanaan pelatihan, menggambarkan jonis pelatihan yang dibutuhkan, mengetahui bahwa data kornpetensi pckerja belum dimiliki, dan dapat menghasilkan matrik pelatihan K3 bagi operator dan mckanik berdasar faktor risiko kerja yang disusun berdasarkan tujuan pelatihan. Dengan data-data yang ada dalam tesis ini, PT. X diharapkan mempertahankan hal-hal positif yang telah dimiliki dan meningkatkan dokumentasi kompetensi pekerja per individu sehingga program pengembangan per individu Iebih mudah dilaksanakan. Disamping itu, analisis kebutuhan pelatihan K3 dan pelatihan lainnya disarankan untuk dikaji ulang secara berkesinambungan.
Every analysis on any incident is triggered by various factors, either basic causes or direct causes, including occupational and personal ones. According to Heinrich, personal factors contribute 80% of basic causes of incidents. Hence, personal factors of employees should be genuinely managed by, among outliers, providing ejective and ejicient training on occupational health and safety. In order to provide a description on an ejective and ejicient training on occupational health and salty, this thesis will discuss how to analyze requirements of occupational health and safety training for operators and mechanics in PT X an open coal mining company. Most incidents in the company are related to heavy-duty operators and mechanics. Besides having the highest risk in term of occupational health and safety, the two are the most populated positions. The majority of incidents happened because of personal factors, e.g. lack of knowledge, psychological stress, and unsafe behavior. The processes involved in the analysis on training requirements include: organizational analytsis, i.e. describing organizational support for training; task analysis, i.e. desiring types of required training based on tasks performed and their occupational risks; and personal analysis, i.e. describing occupational competency acquired by the workers. Then, classification on occupational health and safety training based on training objectives will follow. This study tales a qualitative approach. The objective is to allow greater exploration on risk factors facing the operators and mechanics, and to explore types of occupational health and safety training needed by the two positions through discussion with management-level personnel of the two positions and the management staffs' responsible fur human resource development. The discussion rowers to the training checklist prepared by researcher, providing guidelines for the discussion. Eventually, this study can illustrate how the management ofP1'f X has been fully supportive to the training, describe the types of training required, show that data on employees competency are not yet available, and generate occupational health and safety training matrix operators and mechanics based on the occupational risk factors as listed in training objectives. It is expected that the data provided in the thesis will allow PII X to maintain positives already found in the company and to improve documentation on competency of each individual employee, which will make programs on individual development better executed. Also. it is recommended that the analysis on occupational health and safety training requirements is continuously revisited.
The construction sector is the highest accident contributor sector in Indonesia and the most cases occur in the construction of buildings. One of the jobs in building construction is casting which is a crucial job and needs to be considered in a construction since it will determine the strength of the building structure. This study aims to manage occupational health and safety risks in the casting process of office building X. This study was a descriptive analytical study with a qualitative risk analysis approach using Job Hazard Analysis and semi-quantitative risk analysis referring to AS/NZS 4360:2004 concerning Risk Management. The result of the study shows that of the 96 assessed risks, 28 of them are categorized as very high; such as, the risk of falling from height, exposure to concrete mix, exposure to curing compound liquid, being hit by materials; such as, pedestal and iron, being electrocuted by a vibrator and experiencing a hand-arm vibration syndrome. Thus, risk control measures are needed in order to reduce the level of risk so that it falls into an acceptable risk.
