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COPD is a heterogeneous and chronic respiratory disease characterised by a persistent and limited progressive airflow. COPD prevalence in Indonesia accounted for 5,6% with a total of 4,8 million patients. Using a time series analysis from 2014 to 2024, during the period of obervation, Ozone, Nitrogen Dioxide, and air temperature did not show a significant correlation with the rise in COPD cases (<0.05), while rainfall had a significant correlation (r = -0.179, p = 0.040) and a lag of 1 (r = -0.194, p = 0.026). This study demonstrates that an increase in rainfall can decrease the exacerbation rate of COPD.
Penelitian ini dilakukan di DKI Jakarta bulan April 2012 dengan menggunakan desain ekologi. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dari hasil rekapitulasi jumlah penderita diare perbulan perwilayah selama tahun 2007 ? 2011 di DKI Jakarta. Data ditampilkan secara visualisasi trend berdasarkan tempat dan waktu serta dianalisis secara statistik untuk melihat hubungan antar variabel dependen dan independen. Kasus diare perbulan tertinggi di DKI Jakarta bulan Februari 2007 sebesar 33.511 penderita, kasus diare pertahun perwilayah tertinggi di wilayah IV (Wilayah Kotamadya Jakarta Selatan dan Jakarta Timur) 2010 sebesar 87.355 penderita. Rata-rata suhu udara perbulan tertinggi bulan April 2010 sebesar 29.20C, curah hujan tertinggi bulan Februari 2007 sebesar 673.5 mm, kelembaban tertinggi bulan Februari 2008 sebesar 86%, kecepatan angin bulan Maret sebesar 6.5 knot. Ada hubungan signifikan suhu udara dengan kasus diare (p value 0.0005) dan hubungan sedang (r = -0.319), berpola negatif, ada hubungan signifikan curah hujan dengan kasus diare (p value 0.0005) dan hubungan sedang (r = 0.273) berpola positif, Ada hubungan signifikan kelembaban dengan kasus diare (p value 0.0005) dan hubungan sedang (r = 0.340) berpola positif, Ada hubungan signifikan kecepatan angin dengan kasus diare (p value 0.0005) dan hubungan kuat (r = -0.569) berpola negatif. Faktor iklim yang paling dominan yaitu curah hujan. Saran penelitian yaitu menyediakan sumber air bersih untuk dikonsumsi baik pada saat musim hujan ataupun musim kemarau, Dinas Kebersihan DKI Jakarta harus mengelola sampah dengan baik, pembuatan taman kota atau penanaman kembali pohon-pohon di DKI Jakarta, perlu adanya kerjasama lintas program antara Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi DKI Jakarta, BMKG, PAM, ormas, tokoh masyarakat, civitas akademika dalam memanfaatkan data variasi iklim untuk mencegah terjadinya ledakan kasus (KLB) diare di masa yang akan datang, menjaga Perilaku Hidup Bersih Sehat (PHBS), makan yang baik dan bersih, istirahat yang cukup serta senantiasa melakukan Cuci Tangan Pakai Sabun (CTPS), perlu dilakukan intervensi dalam aspek SPAL (Saluran Pembuangan Air Limbah) ataupun pembuangan sampah yang teratur, jangan membuang sampah sembarangan.
This study was conducted in DKI Jakarta on April 2012 by using ecology desain. Data was used secondary data from result of summary of diarrhoea patient of sub-district per-month during year 2007 - 2011 in DKI Jakarta. Data presented visualizinged trend pursuant to time and place and also analysed statistically to see correlated between variable dependent and independent. Highest Diarrhoea case per-month in DKI Jakarta on Februari 2007 is 33.511 patient, highest area per-year diarrhoea case in region IV ( Regional south of Jakarta and east of Jakarta ) 2010 is 87.355 patient. Highest mean Temperature on April 2010 is 29.20C, highest mean rainfall on Februari 2007 is 673.5 mm, highest mean humidity on Februari 2008 is 86%, wind?s on March month is to 6.5 knot. There is significant correlations of temperature with diarrhoea case (p value 0.0005) and medium correlations (r = - 0.319), have negative pattern, there is significant correlations rainfall with diarrhoea case (p value 0.0005) and medium correlations (r = 0.273) have positive pattern, There is significant correlations humidity with diarrhoea case (p value 0.0005) and medium correlations (r = 0.340) have positive pattern, There is significant correlations wind?s speed with diarrhoea case (p value 0.0005) and strong correlations (r = - 0.569) have negative pattern. the most dominant climate factor that is rainfall. Research suggestion that is providing the source of clean and hygiene water to be consumed at the rains and or dry season, sanitary department of state DKI Jakarta have to manage garbage better, making town garden or cultivation tree in DKI Jakarta, need the existence of cooperation program among Public Health Service Provinsi DKI Jakarta, BMKG, PAM, NGO, elite figure, civitas academica in exploiting climate variation data to prevent of diarrhoea case explosion (KLB) in the future, taking care of Healthy and Clean life Behavior (PHBS), eat non contaminated and good food, good and clean hand wash with Soap (CTPS), require to intervence in SPAL aspect (segregate system) and regular garbage disposal, good garbage management program.
The diarrhea occurrences become one of the major causes of child mortality inIndonesia. The purpose of this research is to determine the impact of Climate orWeather Changes (temperature, humidity, and rainfall) with the pattern ofdiarrhea occurrences at Puskesmas Jatimakmur. Bekasi is one of the major citiesin West Java province, and has the highest number of diarrhea occurrences whichreach 14.044 cases (Dinkes Bekasi, 2012).This research applied secondary data obtained from the Annual Report ofPuskesmas Jatimakmur in 2013-2014. While another secondary data obtainedfrom BMKG Halim Perdana Kusuma Airport Station. It requires the ecologicaldesign study and linear regression analysis to determine the impact oftemperature, humidity, and rainfall patterns into diarrhea occurrences.This research found that the temperature, humidity, and rainfall in Jatimakmursub-district do not have significant relation (Temperature R value= 0.082,humidity R= 0.283 and rainfall R= 0.070) with diarrhea cases. However, the effectof 0.7%, 8%, and 0.5% can explain which elevating in 1◦C temperature willincrease 4.2% diarrhea cases, 1% humidity will increase 2.3% diarrhea cases, and1 mm of rainfall will increase 0.01% diarrhea cases in the period of 2013-2014.Key words:Diarrhea, Temporal Cycle, Temperature, Humidity, Rainfall, Jatimakmur.
Malaria menjadi tantangan kesehatan masyarakat yang signifikan terutama di wilayah tropis dan subtropis. menurut organisasi kesehatan dunia WHO, sekitar 249 juta kasus malaria dilaporkan di 85 negara endemik [1]. Kabupaten Banjarnegara merupakahn salah satu wilayah peringkat ketiga di Jawa tengah di wilayah dataran tinggi. Kejadian malaria dapat dikaitkan dengan berbagai faktor, termasuk iklim seperti suhu, curah hujan dan kelembapan yang dapat memengaruhi dinamika populasi nyamuk Anpheles, yang merupakan vektor utama malaria. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana faktor iklim dan kejadian malaria di Kabupaten Banjarnegara selama periode 2014-2024. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi ekologi dengan pendekatan time-trend analisis. Data kejadian malaria di Indonesia, serta data iklim dari Dinas Kesehatan Banjarnegara, dan BMKG dan POWER NASA. Data diolah menggunakan teknik korelasi dan regresi linier berganda. Hasil analisis bivariat suhu udara menunjukkan hubungan yang lebih stabil dan signifikan secara statistik terhadap peningkatan kasus malaria. Korelasi paling kuat dan signifikan ditemukan pada tahun 2018 (r = 0,646; p = 0,014), dengan uji Pearson. Analisis multivariat nilai (B = 2.381). Nilai koefisien determinasi (R²) sebesar 0,239 menunjukkan bahwa model dapat menjelaskan sekitar 23.9% variasi kejadian malaria. Ini mengindikasikan bahwa setiap kenaikan suhu sebesar 1°C berkorelasi dengan peningkatan rata-rata 2,38 kasus malaria per bulan. Hasil ini mencerminkan bahwa meskipun faktor iklim memiliki kontribusi terhadap kejadian malaria, masih terdapat faktor lain di luar model yang turut memengaruhi.
Kata kunci:
Curah Hujan, Kabupaten Banjarnegara, Kelembapan Relatif, Malaria, Suhu.
Malaria remains a significant public health challenge, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 249 million malaria cases were reported across 85 endemic countries. Banjarnegara Regency, located in a highland area, ranks third in malaria incidence in Central Java. Malaria transmission is influenced by various factors, including climatic variables such as temperature, rainfall, and humidity, which affect the population dynamics of Anopheles mosquitoes—the primary vectors of malaria. This study aims to analyze the relationship between climatic factors and malaria incidence in Banjarnegara Regency from 2014 to 2024. An ecological study design with a time-trend analytical approach was employed. Malaria incidence data were obtained from the Banjarnegara Health Office, while climate data were sourced from the Meteorological, Climatological, and Geophysical Agency (BMKG) and NASA POWER. Data were analyzed using correlation and multiple linear regression techniques. Bivariate analysis showed that air temperature had a more stable and statistically significant association with malaria cases. The strongest and most significant correlation was observed in 2018 (r = 0.646; p = 0.014) using Pearson’s test. In multivariate analysis, the regression coefficient (B = 2.381) and the coefficient of determination (R² = 0.239) indicated that the model explains approximately 23.9% of the variation in malaria incidence. This suggests that each 1°C increase in temperature is associated with an average increase of 2.38 malaria cases per month. These findings highlight that while climatic factors contribute to malaria incidence, other factors beyond the model also play a significant role. Keywords: Banjarnegara Regency, Malaria, Rainfall, Relative Humidity, Temperature. Correspondence Syifa Rifqa Ainur Rahmah. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java. Email: syifarifqa.a.r@gmail.com Mobile: 081380376644