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Diare pada anak di bawah lima tahun (balita) hingga saat ini masih menjadi masalah di negara-negara berkembang, demikian pula di Indonesia. Diare masih mempakan penyakit endemis yang terjadi secara tems-menenis di semua daerah, baik di perkotaan maupun di pedesaan. Survey Demografi Kesehatan Indonesia 2002 - 2003 prevalensi diare mencapai 11%. Propinsi yang menduduki prevalensi tertinggi diare pada anak balita adaiah Sulawesi Sclatan (16%) dan Jawa Barat (15%), Meskipun intervensi perubahan pengetahuan pada ibu balira cukup berhasil namun diare pada balita tctap menjadi salah satu dan tiga penyebab mama kemalian bayi. Peningkalan pengetahuan akan oralit dan penggunaannya sebcsar 92%, namun hanya 36% yang konsisten dengan pcngetahuan ilu dalam pengobatan diare (SDKI 2002 - 2003). Rendahnya persepsi akan keseriusan penyakit diare merupakan kendala dalam menckan angka kesakitan diare. Adanya toleransi yang tinggi terhadap diare disebabkan rcndahnya pcrsepsi kescriusan ibu akan diare balita_ Oleh sebab itu upaya pcrubahan persepsi ibu balita dalam meiihat penyakit diare pada anak balitanya merupakan salah satu kunci untuk mempcrbaiki intewensi. Perrnasalahannya adalah belum tereksplorasi socara intensif falctor-faktor yang mempengaruhi terbentuknya persepsi ibu balita tentang kcscriusan penyakit diare pada balita tcrsebut. Dengan desain cross sectional, penelitian ini menguji hubungan antara faktor, pengetahuan, pengalaman kontak, dan kepercayaan tentang diare pada balita dcngan persepsi ibu balita tentang keseriusan diare. Dengan desain cross sectional, penelitian ini menguji hubungan antara faktor, pengetahuan, pengalaman kontak, dan kepercayaan tentang diare pada balita dcngan persepsi ibu balita tentang keseriusan diare. Populasi penclitian adalah ibu-ibu balita di Kecamatan Bekasi Utara dan diambil sampel secara random sebanyak 175 orang yang tersebar di 6 kelurahan. Penclitian berhasil membuktikan bahwa faktor pengetahuan, pengalaman kontak, dan kepercayaan berhubungan secara bermakna dengan persepsi kcseriusan akan penyakit diare pada balita. Dalam analisis multivariat (logistik ganda model faktor risiko) diketahui hubungan variabel pengetahuan dan kepercayaan dengan persepsi keseriusan tidak berinteraksi dengan variabel lain. Sedangkan pengalaman kontak berimeraksi dengan variabel pendidikan. Besaran hubungan variabel independen dengan dependen setelah dilakukan analisis regresi logistik model faktor risiko diperoleh hasil signifikan. Ibu balita berpengetahuan rendah memiliki peluang 2,5 kali untuk berpersepéi diare sebagai penyakit biasa dibandingkan ibu berpengetahuan tinggi (OR: 2,535; 95%CI: 1,321 - 4.866) setelah variabel pendidikan dikendalikan. Ibu balita. yang tidak pernah mcmiliki pengalaman kontak memiliki peluang hampir S kali untuk berpersepsi diare sebagai penyakit biasa dibandingkan ibu balita yang pernah kontak (OR: 4,76l; 95%CI: l,853 - l2,235). Ibu balita dengan kepercayaan rcndah memiiiki peluang hampir 0,5 kali umuk mempersepsikan diare sebagai pcnyakit biasa dibandingkan dengan ibu dengan kepercayaan tinggi setelah variabel jumlah balita dikendalikan (OR: 0392; 95%C1: 0,195 - O,76S). Upaya memperbaiki persepsi ibu balita tentang penyakit diare dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan program promosi kesehatan baik melalui peningkatan pengetahuan, menciptakan pengalaman dengan model simulasi, serta merasionalkan kepercayaan-kepercayaan tentang diare pada balita di masyarakat.
Diarrhea on toddlers under 5 years old currently is still a major problem in developing countries such as Indonesia. Diarrhea is still endemic in all areas, including both municipal and rural regions. Indonesian Health Demographic Survey at 2002-2003 showed that prevalence of diarrhea reached up to 11%. Provinces with the highest prevalence were South Sulawesi (I 6%) and West Java (15%). Although intervention to improve the awareness of mothers with toddler under 5 years old was quite successful, diarrhea was still one of the three major causes of infant death. Even though the improvement ofthe awareness of oralit and its usage was 92%, only 36% was consistent with that knowledge in diarrhea recovery (SDK1 2002-2003). The low perception to the seriousness of diarrhea, which leads to high tolerance of mothers towards diarrhea, is one ofthe obstacles in decreasing the diarrhea frequency. Hence, the effort to change the perception of mothers with toddlers under S years old towards diarrhea is one of the key to improve the intervention. However, factors that influence the perception of mothers towards the seriousness of diarrhea have never been exploited intensively. Using cross sectional design, this research aims to ind the relation between knowledge, contact experience, and belief about diarrhea on toddler under 5 years old with the perception of mothers towards the seriousness of diarrhea. The research population is mothers with toddlers under 5 years old in the district of Bekasi Utara, and |75 subjects are selected randomly across 6 regions (kelurahan). The research population is mothers with toddlers under 5 years old in the district of Bekasi Utara, and 175 subjects are selected randomly across 6 regions (kelurahan). This research showed that knowledge, contact experience and belief have signiticant relation with the perception towards the seriousness of diarrhea on toddler under 5 years old. Multivariate analysis (logistic regression multivariate with risk factor model) showed that relation between knowledge and belief variables to the perception do not interact with other variables, while contact experience interacts with education variable. After conducted risk factor model logistic regression analysis, the relation between independent variable and dependent variable showed significant result. Mothers with toddler under 5 years old who had limited knowledge had chance 2,5 times to percept that diarrhea was not serious more than mothers who had wide knowledge (OR: 2,535; 95%CI: 1,32I) after education variable was controlled. Mothers with toddler under 5 years old who had experience with diarrhea had chance almost 5 times to percept that diarrhea was not serious more than mothers who had experience (OR: 4_76l; 95%CI: 1.853 - l2.235)- Mothers with toddler under 5 years old who had low belief had chance 0.5 times to percept that diarrhea was not serious more than mothers who had high belief (OR: 0392; 95%Cl: 0.195 - 0_765) after the number of toddler under 5 years old was controlled. The effort to improve the perception of mothers with toddlers under 5 years old towards diarrhea can be conducted by improving the program to promote the health, such as enhancing the knowledge/awareness, creating contact experience by simulation model, and by rationalize belief about diarrhea within the people.
Kata Kunci : Perilaku sehat Ibu, diare, balita
In 2015, the number of cases of diarrhea that occurred in the city of Bogor there were 27,289 cases. While the incidence of diarrhea in North Bogor District amounted to 5,530 cases. North Bogor Sub-district is the highest number of cases of diarrhea in Bogor City. Study aim is to determine the relationship between socioeconomic factors, behavioral factors and environmental factors with the incidence of diarrhea an children under five years old in the work area of Puskesmas Bogor Utara. This study used cross sectional design. A total of 97 mothers with toddlers were interviewed as research samples using a questionnaire. Samples were taken at 4 RW in Tanah Baru Urban Village, using quota sampling technique. This study used primary data taken using a questionnaire to assess the incidence of diarrhea, socioeconomic factors and behavioral factors. This and found 37.1% of chause got diarrhea in the area of Puskesmas Bogor Utara. The result show statistically significant a relationship between handwashing behavior, latrine ownership, clean water source and treatment of waste water disposal facility with diarrhea occurrence.
Keywords: Mother's healthy behavior, diarrhea, toddler
This research discusses the effects of peer education towards knowledge and attitudesabout the dangers of smoking in seventh grade students of SMP Negeri 4 Bekasi in2014. The study uses a pre-experimental quantitative research with one group pre testand post test design. Samples were 180 people, students of class VII-1 until VII-5SMP Negeri 4 Bekasi. The selection of the sample using purposive sampling.The result of data processing are the increasing of knowledge and attitudes about thedangers of smoking in seventh grade students of SMP Negeri 4 Bekasi. The averagevalue of knowledge increases 1.99 points and the average value of attitude increases1.22 points. Result test statistically shows there are significant differences the averagevalue of the knowledge and attitudes before and after the peer education about thedangers of smoking (p-value <0.05). Those increasing point and result teststatistically have proven that peer education ,which have been conducted, are succedto increase knowledge and attitudes about the dangers of smoking in seventh gradestudents of SMP Negeri 4 Bekasi. The writter is expecting that SMP Negeri 4 Bekasiwill continue to carry out peer education program about the dangers of smoking, andformed a partnership with community health care centers and the Department ofHealth to improve and develop peer education programs about the dangers ofsmoking in SMP Negeri 4 Bekasi.Keywords: Knowledge, attitudes, dangers of smoking, peer education
Hasil penelitian mendapatkan sebesar 16,1% ibu yang memberikan ASI eksklusif. Berdasarkan uji statistik diketahui pendidikan (p=0,021 OR=8,365), pengetahuan (p=0,032 OR=3,704) dan sikap (p=0,000 dan OR=11,282) memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan pemberian ASI eksklusif. Disarankan kepada Dinas kesehatan dan Puskesmas Kelurahan Petukangan Utara untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu hamil dan menyusui melalui berbagai program penyuluhan, konseling, dan membuat kelompok atau kelas ibu hamil dengan memperbanyak materi tentang ASI eksklusif.
Kata kunci : Pemberian ASI eksklusif, Pengetahuan, Sikap
Exclusive breastfeeding is defined as no other food or drink, not even water, except breast milk (including milk expressed or from a wet nurse) for 6 months of life, but allows the infant to receive ORS, drops and syrups (vitamins, minerals and medicines). Percentage of exclusive breastfeeding in North Petukangan Village Health Center in 2013 known about 57.77%. This study aimed to determine the relationship characteristics, knowledge and attitudes of mothers with exclusive breastfeeding in North Petukangan Village Health Center in South Jakarta 2014. This study used a cross-sectional design, which was done in December 2014 with a total sample of 112 mothers were having babies aged 6-12 months. Data collected by interviews and using questionnaires as the instrument.
The results of a study reported by 16,1% of exclusively breastfeeding. Based on statistical test known to education (p=0,021 OR=8,365), knowledge (p=0,032 OR=3,704) and attitude (p= 0,000 OR=11,282) had a significant association with exclusive breastfeeding. Suggested to to the Department of Health and North Petukangan Village Health Center to increase the knowledge of pregnant and lactating women through a variety of programs, such as education, counseling, and make a group or class of pregnant women with reproduce materials exclusive breastfeeding.
Keywords: Exclusive breastfeeding, Knowledge, Attitude
ABSTRAK
Nama : Prastiwi Handayani
Program Studi : Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat
Judul : Gambaran Respon Ibu Balita dan Petugas Kesehatan Terhadap
Kampanye Imunisasi Measles Rubella (MR) Di Kelurahan
Jakasampurna, Kota Bekasi Tahun 2019
Pembimbing : Dr. drs. Tri Krianto, M.Kes
Salah satu penyakit yang dapat dicegah dengan dengan imunisasi (PD3I) adalah campak.
Penyakit campak dan rubella adalah penyakit yang mudah menular yang disebabkan oleh
virus dan ditularkan melalui batuk dan bersin. Kampanye imunisasi MR berakhir tanggal
31 Desember 2018. Pencapaian terendah di Jawa Barat, salah satunya kota Bekasi sebesar
85,85 persen. Dari 39 Puskesmas di Kota Bekasi terdapat lima puskesmas yang
cakupannya rendah, salah satunya yaitu Puskesmas Rawa Tembaga dengan cakupan 73%
(Bekasi, 2018). Jumlah anak yang diimunisasi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Rawa
Tembaga, Kelurahan Jakasampurna sebanyak 12.807 anak dari target sasaran16.529
anak. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan gambaran respon ibu terhadap kampanye
imunisasi MR. Jenis penelitian kualitatif dilakukan secara singkat atau Rapid Assesment
Procedures (RAP) dengan metode wawancara mendalam. Pengumpulan data dilakukan
pada bulan Mei sampai Juni 2019 di Kelurahan Jakasampurna, Kota Bekasi. Jumlah
informan adalah 17 orang ibu yang memiliki anak usia 9 sampai 59 bulan dengan teknik
purposive (non probability). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan dengan adanya informasi
atau kampanye imunisasi MR baik di media massa maupun fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan
menunjukkan respon positif terhadap informan dengan membawa anaknya untuk
melakukan imunisasi MR. Informan yang bersikap negatif terhadap kampanye tidak
membawa anaknya untuk memberikan imunisasi MR dan cenderung mengabaikan
manfaat yang didapat dari memberikan imunisasi MR serta efek yang terjadi pada anak
jika tidak memberikan imunisasi pada anaknya.
Kata kunci:
Campak dan rubella, imunisasi MR, Kampanye
ABSTRACT
Name : Prastiwi Handayani
Study Program : Health Pormotion
Title : An overview of response of mothers of infants and health workers
to the Measles Rubella immunization campaign (MR) in the
Jakasampurna village, Bekasi city, 2019
Counsellor : Dr. drs. Tri Krianto, M.Kes
One of the diseases that can be prevented by immunization (PD3I) is measles. Measles
and rubella are infectious diseases that are caused by viruses and are transmitted through
coughing and sneezing. The MR immunization campaign ends on December 31, 2018.
The lowest achievement is in West Java, one of which is Bekasi city at 85.85 percent. Of
the 39 Puskesmas in Bekasi City there are five low-coverage puskesmas, one of which is
the Rawa Tembaga Health Center with a coverage of 73% (Bekasi, 2018). The number
of children immunized in the working area of the Rawa Tembaga Community Health
Center, Jakasampurna Subdistrict was 12,807 children from the target target of 16,529
children. The purpose of this study was to obtain an overview of the mother's response to
the MR immunization campaign. This type of qualitative research is carried out briefly
or Rapid Assessment Procedures (RAP) with in-depth interview methods. Data collection
is conducted from May to June 2019 in the Jakasampurna Village, Bekasi City. The
number of informants is 17 mothers who have children aged 9 to 59 months with a
purposive (non probability) technique. The results of this study indicate that with
information or MR immunization campaigns in both the mass media and health care
facilities, they showed a positive response to informants by bringing their children to do
MR immunization. Informants who were negative towards the campaign did not bring
their children to provide MR immunization and tended to ignore the benefits obtained
from providing MR immunization as well as the effects that occur on children if they did
not give immunizations to their children.
Keywords: Measles and rubella, MR Immunization, campaign
