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Stroke merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian ketiga. Ketahanan Hidup Satu Tahun Pasien Stroke dipengaruhi oleh umur, tipe stroke, larna hari rawat, diabetes melitus, hipertensi, hiperkolesterol, penyakit jantung, merokok, jenis kelarnin dan riwayat stroke. Desain penelitian ini adalah kohort restrospektif. Probabilitas ketahanan hidup pasien stroke satu tahun sebesar 61% . Pasien stroke berulang memiliki resiko meninggal 2,0 kali dibandingkan yang stroke pertama pada penyakit jantung dan kolesterol yang sarna. Pasien stroke yang menderita penyakit jantung memiliki resiko meninggal 2,8 kali dibandingkan dengan yang tidak menderita penyakit jantung pada riwayat stroke dan kadar kolesterol yang sarna. Pasien stroke dengan kolesterol memiliki resiko meninggal 1,8 kali dibandingkan dengan yang tidak kolesterol pada riwayat stroke dan penyakit jantung yang sarna.
Stroke is the third most common cause of death. A one-year survival rate of stroke patients has been affected by their ages, type of stroke, period of treatment, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, heart disease/cardiovascular disease, smoking, gender, and the patients' parental/maternal history of stroke. This research uses retrospective cohort design. The probability of stroke patients' survival rate for the duration one year is 61%. Patients with frequent stroke recurrence have 2,0 times of death risk compared to patients with first time stroke on identical level of medical history in heart disease and cholesterol leveL Whereas stroke patients with heart disease have 2,8 times of death risk compared to stroke patients with no heart disease on identical level of medical history in stroke illness and cholesterol level. Meanwhile stroke patients with hypercholesterolemia have 1,8 times of death risk compared to stroke patients with low cholesterol level on identical level of medical history in stroke illness and heart disease.
Abstrak
Salah satu indikator program pengendalian TB secara Nasional strategi DOTS adalah angka keberhasilan pengobatan TB. Fokus utama pengendalian TB strategi DOTS adalah memutus mata rantai penularan TB oleh penderita TB paru sputum BTA positif. Berdasarkan penelitian penderita TB paru sputum BTA negatif dapat menularkan 13-20% (Tostmann A, et al, 2008). BBKPM Bandung sebagai salah satu UPK strategi DOTS pencapaian angka keberhasilan pengobatan masih dibawah target Nasional.Tujuan: mempelajari faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan pengobatan pasien TB paru sputum BTA negatif dan pasien TB paru sputum BTA positif. Faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan pengobatan TB antara lain faktor individu (umur, jenis kelamin, pekerjaan, kepatuhan berobat) dan obat dan penyakit (rejimen, dosis, lama pengobatan, komorbid HIV dan DM). Indikator keberhasilan pengobatan: pemeriksaan ulang sputum BTA menjadi/tetap negatif dan kenaikan berat badan.Desain penelitian: kohort retrospektif.Sampel: data pasien TB Paru yang tercatat di TB 01 tahun 2009-2011dijadikan 2 sub populasi, Pasien TB paru dengan sputum BTA negatif 292 kasus dan pasien TB paru dengan sputum BTA positif 461 kasus.Analisis: multivariabel regresi logistik.Hasil: OR keberhasilan pengobatan pasien TB paru sputum BTA negatif patuh berobat 1,4 dibandingkan tidak patuh (CI : 0,7-3,0) dan pasien TB paru sputum BTA positif patuh berobat 1,1 di bandingkan tidak patuh (CI : 0,6-2,2) setelah dikontrol umur, jenis kelamin dan pekerjaan.Saran: Meningkatkan peran PMO, dan memperhatikan faktor komorbid dalam tatalaksana pengobatan pasien TB paru.
Succes rate of TB treatment is an important indicator of the Natinal TB control program.The main focus of TB control program DOTS strategy is to break the chain of TB transmission. Tostmann A, et al (2008) showed that through 13-20% sputum smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis patients can spread TB the bacteria. BBKPM Bandung as one of CGU DOTS strategy has lower treatment succes rate of the national targets.Purpose: To study factors that influence the treatment succes rate of compare with both smear positve and negative pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Those are age, gender, occupation, treatment compliance (factor individu) and regimen, dose, duration of treatment, comorbid HIV and DM (drug and disease). Indicator of treatment succes are the conversion of sputum result examination and the gain weight.Study design: a retrospective cohort study.Samples: the pulmonary TB patient data recorded at TB 01 yeras 2009-2011. The number of TB patients with sputum smear positive are 461 and negative are 292.Analysis: Multivariable logistic regression.Result: OR treatment succes among sputum smear-negative pulmonary TB patients 1,4 (CI: 0,7-3,0) and among sputum smear positive pulmonary Tb patients who adhere to treatment is 1,1 (CI:0,6-2,2) after controlling for age, sex, and occupation.Suggestion: Enhancing the role of the PMO to increase the treatment adherence rate, treat the TB patients with HIV and DM co-infection.
The highest risk factors for HIV/AIDS transmission according to the Ministry of Health Report (2020) are heterosexual, homosexual and sharing needles. Adolescents, especially men, are one of the vulnerable groups to have free sex and drug abuse, which are risk behaviors for HIV/AIDS. This study aims to determine the risk behavior factors for HIV/AIDS in male adolescents aged 15-24 years in Indonesia. The research is quantitative using secondary data from the 2012 and 2017 IDHS with a cross sectional study design. The results of the logistic regression test found that age, attitudes towards premarital sex and peer influence were related to HIV/AIDS risk behavior in 2012, then in 2017 age, attitudes towards premarital sex, peer influence and education were associated with HIV/AIDS risk behavior in teenage boys. The most related factor was attitudes towards premarital sex with AOR values of 6.65 in 2012 and 9.13 in 2017
