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Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan menganalisa beban kerja instalasi farmasi rumah sakit Hermina Depok dan menemukan metode yang tepat untuk penghitungan kebutuhan tenaga. Penelitian ini adalah gabungan antara kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Penelitian kuantitatif dilakukan dengan pengukuran waktu transaksi pelayanan resep sebagai dasar pengukuran beban kerja dan kebutuhan tenaga, sementara kualitatif dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam pada manajer penunjang medis, kepala instalasi, asisten apoteker junior dan senior serta juru racik untuk mengetahui faktor yang menjadi hambatan dalam pencapaian standar pelayanan minimum. Penelitian kuantitatif dilakukan pada 120 sampel resep racikan dan 181 sampel resep non racikan, diambil menggunakan metode simple random sampling. Dari penelitian kuantitatif didapatkan waktu transaksi (WT) 44 menit untuk racikan dan 21 menit non racikan, dan dari angka trsebut didapatkan beban kerja 299 jam orang/hari, kebutuhan tenaga 65 orang dan jumlah penambahan tenaga 39 orang. Dari waktu tersebut dilakukan penyesuaian dengan dua cara, pertama dengan konstanta waktu antrian berbanding waktu transaksi dan kedua dengan mengurangi waktu antrian. Didapatkan WT 21 menit racikan dan 9 menit non racikan serta 22 menit racikan dan 8 menit non racikan untuk masing-masing cara konstanta dan pengurangan waktu antrian. Hasil ini mendekati waktu transaksi minimal yaitu 23 menit untuk racikan dan 8 menit non racikan. Beban kerja 130, 137 dan 139 jam orang/hari untuk konstanta, pengurangan waktu antrian dan waktu minimum, serta bagi ketiganya kebutuhan tenaga 30 orang dengan jumlah penambahan tenaga 4 orang. Dari penelitian kualitatif didapatkan bahwa kekurangan tenaga merupakan hambatan terbesar dalam pelayanan resep, dengan hambatan lainnya yang memerlukan penanganan adalah mengenai pengalaman dan keterampilan personel, proses rekrutmen, serta manajemen dan perencanaan obat. Hambatan lainnya dalam pelaksanaan solusi atau dirasakan tidak terlalu mengganggu. Kata kunci: Farmasi, Beban kerja, Kebutuhan Tenaga
The aim of this study is to analyze the workload of pharmacy installation, Hermina Depok Hospital and to find appropriate method for calculating workforce need. This study combines quantitative and qualitative method. Quantitative research is carried out by measuring the transaction time of prescription services as the basis of workload and workforce need measurement, while in-depth qualitative interviews is conducted by interviewing manager of medical support, head of pharmacy installation, junior and senior assistant pharmacist and juru racik to determine the factors contributing to the low achievement of minimum service standards. Quantitative research conducted on 120 samples of pulveres prescription and 181 samples of non pulveres prescription, using simple random sampling method. From quantitative study we found transaction time (TT) of 44 minutes for pulveres prescription and 21 minutes for non pulveres prescription, resulted in workload of 299 man hours/day, 65 people of workforce need, resulting in the need of additional 39 people. Adjustment is made to TT in two ways, first by finding a constant from the ratio of queuing time and TT, second by reducing TT with queuing time. TT obtained from this adjustment are 21 minutes for pulveres prescription and 9 minutes for non pulveres for constant adjustment, and 22 minutes for pulvres prescription and 8 minutes for non pulveres prescription for the reduction in queuing time. These results resemble the minimum TT, 23 minutes for pulveres pescription and 8 minutes for non pulveres prescription. Workload measurement relusted in 130, 137 and 139 man hours/day for constant adjustment, reducing queuing time and minimum time, all three resulted in workforce need of 30 people, with the additional requirement of 4 people. From the qualitative research it is found that the shortage of man is the biggest obstacle in prescription service, other obstacles requiring immediate handling are issues of the experience and skills of personnel, the recruitment process, and drugs management and planning. Other obstacle in prescription service is thought to be less significant or undergoing process to solution. Keywords: pharmacy, workload, workforce need
Upaya mewujudkan tuntutan pasien dan masyarakat terkait denganpelayanan farmasi yang bermutu berhubungan erat dengan kuantitas dan kualitas tenaga farmasi. Studi ini menganalisis beban kerja dan kebutuhan tenaga farmasi di Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit Jiwa Daerah Provinsi Lampung. Metoda work sampling digunakan untuk mengukur beban kerja, sedangkan metode Workload Indicator Staffing Needs (WISN) digunakan untuk mengukur kebutuhan tenaga berdasarkan beban kerja yang sesungguhnya. Work sampling dilaksanakan pada 06-12 Juni 2012, dan hasilnya digunakan sebagai pokok bahasan dalam in-depth interview dengan beberapa informan. Hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa tenaga farmasi yang ada telah menggunakan 90,3% waktu kerjanya dengan kegiatan produktif. Dari kegiatan produktif dimaksud, sebanyak 42,6% adalah untuk kegiatan produktif langsung, sedangkan sisanya merupakan kegiatan produktif tidak langsung. Sebanyak 24,1% kegiatan produktif tidak langsung adalah kegiatan administratif. Dengan demikian dalam studi ini diperoleh ada sebanyak 9,7% merupakan kegiatan non produktif dan kegiatan pribadi. Berdasarkan hasil work sampling tersebut, dengan WISN ternyata jumlah tenaga yang ada saat ini lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan kebutuhan tenaga untuk menyelesaikan tugas dan fungsi di Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit Jiwa Provinsi Lampung.
Efforts to realize the demands of patients and the public related to the quality of pharmaceutical services is closely linked to the quantity and quality of pharmacists. This study analyzes the workload and manpower needs in the Pharmaceutical Installation Regional Mental Hospital Pharmacy Lampung Province. Work sampling method used to measure the workload, while the method Workload Indicator Staffing Needs (WISN) is used to measure the power requirements based on actual workload. Work sampling conducted on June 6 to 12, 2012, and the results used as the subject of in-depth interviews with multiple informants. The results of this study indicate that the pharmacy personnel who have been using 90.3% of the time it works with productive activities. Of productive activity is, as much as 42.6% is for direct productive activities, while the rest are not directly productive activities. A total of 24.1% indirect productive activities are administrative activities. Thus in this study was obtained there as much as 9.7% are non-productive activities and personal activities. Based on the results of the sampling work, with WISN turns out that the current force is smaller than the power requirements to complete the tasks and functions of the Mental Hospital Pharmacy Installation of Lampung Province.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observational descriptive denganmenggunakan metode quantitative dan wawancara mendalam. Pengumpulan datasecara quantitative dilakukan dengan cara observasi, yang dilakukan dengan pendekatanwork sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui pengamatan terhadap kegiatanyang dilakukan perawat di instalasi rawat inap Rumah Sakit FMC. Samplepenelitiannya adalah seluruh perawat (27 perawat) di instalasi rawat inap. Data dianalisamenggunakan formula Gillies, PPNI, Ilyas dan Douglas.
Hasil: analisa ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan waktu produktif terhadap totalwaktu kerja kerja selama observasi 7 hari sebesar 64,87%. 28,11% digunakan untukaktifitas keperawatan langsung dan 36,11% digunakan untuk aktifitas keperawatan tidaklangsung. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan waktu produktif oleh perawat masihrendah. Berdasarkan penggunaan waktu produktif yang dianalisa menggunakan formulaGillies, PPNI, Ilyas dan Douglas rata-rata tenaga keperawatan yang dibutuhkan adalah22 perawat.
Kesimpulan: Jumlah optimal kebutuhan tenaga perawat yang dibutuhkan di instalasirawat inap Rumah Sakit FMC sebanyak 22 orang perawat. Hal ini menunjukkan adanyakelebihan jumlah perawat di instalasi rawat nap Rumah Sakit FMC sebanyak 5 orangperawat.
Kata kunci: beban kerja, work sampling, perawat
Background: Professional management is needed to determine the type as well as thequality of the human resources to assure the quality productive hospital services.Nurses, as one kind of the resources in hospital, act as a frontline service that should beplanned. This study aimed at finding out of workload and the optimal number ofnurses in the inpatient instalasi at FMC hospital 2018.
Method: This research is a descriptive observational study using quantitative methodand deep interview. Quantitative data collection observation was done by using worksampling approach. Data were collect through observation of nurses activities atinpatient instalasi at FMC hospital will be observed for seven days. Samples were allnurses (27 nurses) at inpatient instalasi. The data were analyzed using Gillies,Indonesian nurses association, Ilyas and Douglas formulas.
Results: The analysis showed that using the total productive activities time wereobserved for seven days at 64,87%. 28,76% is used for direct nursing activities and36,11% is used for indirect nursing activities, it was conclude that the productive timeuse of the nurses still very low. Based on the productive working hours that analyzedusing Gillies, Indonesian Nursse Association, Ilyas and Duoglas formulas, average onlytwenty two nurses needed.
Conclusion: The optimal number of nurses needed in the inpatient instalasi at FMChospital is twenty two nurses. This means that there are an excessive number of nursesas five nurses.
Keywords: workload, work sampling , nurses.
Keberhasilan kualitas pelayanan keperawatan sangat berhubungan dengan terpenuhi atau tidaknya rangkaian kegiatan pelayanan keperawatan yang merupakan beban kerja perawat. Beban kerja perawat tersebut adalah jumlah seluruh kegiatan yang dilaksanakan perawat dalam waktu dan satuan hasil. Tesis ini bertujuan menganalisis beban kerja untuk menentukan kebutuhan tenaga perawat dan mendapatkan gambaran strategi bagi manajemen dalam memenuhi kesenjangan beban kerja yang ada di Rumah Sakit Tugu Ibu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif secara cross-sectional pada perawat ruang rawat inap kelas III Flamboyan. Observasi kegiatan perawat dilakukan dengan metode work sampling dan kebutuhan tenaga perawat dihitung dengan menggunakan metode Workload Indicators Of Staffing Need (WISN).
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui kegiatan produktif langsung perawat adalah sebesar 29,34% dan kegiatan produktif tidak langsung perawat mencapai 54,86%. Perhitungan kebutuhan tenaga perawat berdasarkan beban kerja diperoleh 24,43 tenaga perawat dengan rasio WISN 0,82. Hasil penelitian menyarankan bagi manajemen Rumah Sakit Tugu Ibu untuk mempertimbangkan beban kerja perawat sebagai acuan dalam menentukan kebutuhan tenaga perawat dan diperlukan evaluasi terhadap uraian tugas perawat agar waktu kerja yang ada lebih efektif pemanfaatannya sesuai dengan fungsi utama perawat.
The success of nursing service quality has high correlation with the adequacy of nursing service activities which is the nurse workload. The nurse workload is the total of all conducted activities in certain time with the result as unit of measure. This thesis is aimed to analyse the workload to determine the needs of nursing staff and to obtain the strategy which is required by the management to fulfill the workload gaps at Tugu Ibu Hospital. The research method used was cross-sectional quantitative to the nurses at Class III Flamboyan Ward. Observation of the nurses activities were done by work sampling method and the needs to nursing staff was calculated with Workload Indicators Of Staffing Need (WISN) method.
Based on the research, it was known that the nurses direct productive activities is 29,34% and nurses indirect productive activities is as high as 54,86%. Calculation of the needs on nursing staff based on workload resulted of 24,34 nurses with WISN ration of 0,82. From the research, it is recommended that TuguIbu Hospital management to consider nurse workload as reference in determining the needs of nursing staff, and evaluation is needed to the nurse job description, to be effective in time management according to the main function of a nurse.
Penelitian dilaksanakan di Instalasi Kamar Bedah RS Husada tanggal 11- 17 Desember 2012. Penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif-kualitataif, analisa data kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode Time and motion study, dimana aktifitas perawat bedah diteliti pada kegiatan perioperatif, serta kegiatan diluar operasi. Kemudian dengan menggunakan metode Formula Unit Ruang Bedah dihitung jumlah kebutuhan perawat bedah berdasarkan beban kerja. Penelititan kuatitatif dengan wawancara mendalam mengenai kompetensi yaitu pengetahuan, ketrampilan, dan sikap perawat bedah, kepada 3 responden yaitu Kepala Bagian Bedah, Kepala Perawat, dan perawat bedah di Instalasi Kamar Bedah untuk mengetahui jumlah kebutuhan berdasarkan kompetensi perawat bedah.
Research was conducted at the Hospital Surgery Room Installation Husada on 11 to 17 December 2012. Research conducted a quantitative-qualitative descriptive research, quantitative data analysis using the Time and motion study, which investigated the activities of a surgical nurse perioperative events and activities outside of surgery. Then using the Formula Unit Ruang Bedah calculated amount need based surgical nurse workload. Qualitative research in-depth interviews about the competence of the knowledge, skills, and attitudes of surgical nurses, to the third respondent, Head of Department of Surgery, Head Nurse Installation, and surgical nurse at Surgical Room Installation.