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Keberhasilan kualitas pelayanan keperawatan sangat berhubungan dengan terpenuhi atau tidaknya rangkaian kegiatan pelayanan keperawatan yang merupakan beban kerja perawat. Beban kerja perawat tersebut adalah jumlah seluruh kegiatan yang dilaksanakan perawat dalam waktu dan satuan hasil. Tesis ini bertujuan menganalisis beban kerja untuk menentukan kebutuhan tenaga perawat dan mendapatkan gambaran strategi bagi manajemen dalam memenuhi kesenjangan beban kerja yang ada di Rumah Sakit Tugu Ibu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif secara cross-sectional pada perawat ruang rawat inap kelas III Flamboyan. Observasi kegiatan perawat dilakukan dengan metode work sampling dan kebutuhan tenaga perawat dihitung dengan menggunakan metode Workload Indicators Of Staffing Need (WISN).
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui kegiatan produktif langsung perawat adalah sebesar 29,34% dan kegiatan produktif tidak langsung perawat mencapai 54,86%. Perhitungan kebutuhan tenaga perawat berdasarkan beban kerja diperoleh 24,43 tenaga perawat dengan rasio WISN 0,82. Hasil penelitian menyarankan bagi manajemen Rumah Sakit Tugu Ibu untuk mempertimbangkan beban kerja perawat sebagai acuan dalam menentukan kebutuhan tenaga perawat dan diperlukan evaluasi terhadap uraian tugas perawat agar waktu kerja yang ada lebih efektif pemanfaatannya sesuai dengan fungsi utama perawat.
The success of nursing service quality has high correlation with the adequacy of nursing service activities which is the nurse workload. The nurse workload is the total of all conducted activities in certain time with the result as unit of measure. This thesis is aimed to analyse the workload to determine the needs of nursing staff and to obtain the strategy which is required by the management to fulfill the workload gaps at Tugu Ibu Hospital. The research method used was cross-sectional quantitative to the nurses at Class III Flamboyan Ward. Observation of the nurses activities were done by work sampling method and the needs to nursing staff was calculated with Workload Indicators Of Staffing Need (WISN) method.
Based on the research, it was known that the nurses direct productive activities is 29,34% and nurses indirect productive activities is as high as 54,86%. Calculation of the needs on nursing staff based on workload resulted of 24,34 nurses with WISN ration of 0,82. From the research, it is recommended that TuguIbu Hospital management to consider nurse workload as reference in determining the needs of nursing staff, and evaluation is needed to the nurse job description, to be effective in time management according to the main function of a nurse.
The discrepancy between the number of nurses' willingness and the calculation of nurse needs is a problem that needs to be studied. One of them is knowing the actual workload as an effort to improve the quality of nursing services in hospitals. Workloads that are not in accordance with the ability of nurses will cause fatigue, work stress and dissatisfaction of patients who being treated. This study analyzes the need for practical nurses in the Teratai Ward based on workload using time and motion studies which are then processed based on the WISN method and the Ilyas method. Observational research was carried out for 7 days to 7 nurses to determine the workload of nurses. The results of the study obtained that the productive time of nurses was 91% of the entire time of nurses' activities. The workload on the afternoon shift has a higher value than the morning shift. The researcher concludes that the workload of nurses in the Teratai ward is in the heavy category and requires additional nursing staff. Transfered of some nursing activities to other professionals according to their duties and positions can reduce the workload of nurses. Hoppely that this research can be a consideration indetermining the method of calculating the needs of nurses in the Inpatient Installation, Hospital of Badan Pengusahaan Batam
Dalam menjawab keluhan perawat mengenai besarnya beban kerja di ruang rawat inap Cattleya B RSU Bhakti Yudha, perlu dilakukan analisis kebutuhan tenaga perawat dengan menggunakan beberapa formula yaitu, Workload Indicator Staff Needs (WISN), formula Gillies, PPNI, dan formula Ilyas. Penelitian dilakukan di ruang rawat inap Cattleya B menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif dengan melakukan observasi terhadap aktivitas perawat menurut metode work sampling serta in-depth interview pada 21-30 Mei 2012. Hasil penelitian menyatakan beban kerja perawat pada kategori produktif (80%) dengan hanya 33.98% yang merupakan aktivitas keperawatan langsung dan 47.4% merupakan aktivitas keperawatan tidak langsung. Penggunaan waktu untuk kegiatan pribadi dan non produktif perawatmasih di dalam standar ILO (14.98%) Formula Gillies dan PPNI, dan Ilyas tidak menggambarkan sejumlah kegiatan keperawatan tidak langsung dari perawat seperti administrasi dan pencatatan laporan, yang justru pada saat observasi membutuhkan proporsi yang lebih besar. Sebaliknya metode WISN yang menghasilkan jumlah perawat sebesar 35 orang ditambah dengan 1 kepala ruangan dianggap lebih tepat dan sesuai dengan RS karena menggambarkan beban kerja nyata. Diharapkan pihak manajemen dapat memberikan toleransi seperti pemberian hari kepelatihan bagi perawat, menambah jumlah tenaga baik perawat dan non perawat sesuai kebutuhan untuk meningkatkan mutu pelayanan.
In order to answer the concern of high workload nursing care at Cattleya B Ward of Bhakti Yudha Hospital, there is a need to analyze the requirement of nursing staff with some formulas:Workload Indicator Staff Needs (WISN), Gillies?, PPNI, and Ilyas? Formula. This Research was held in Cattleya B Ward of Bhakti Yudha Hospital on May 21st-30th 2012 using Quantitative and Qualitative approach with an observation to nursing activity based on work sampling method and also in-depth interview with some informants to gain any information for analysis. The result of this research proved that nursing workload is in productive state (80%) with only 33.98% are direct nursing care activities and 47.4% are indirect nursing care activities. The usage of time for individual activity and non-productive activity are still in the ILO Standard (14.98%) Gillies?, PPNI, and Ilyas? Formula did not described some of indirect activity like administration, and making nursing report which in observation need higher proportions than others. In the contrary, WISN, which results 35 nurses as staff with 1 additional nurse as the head of Cattleya B ward, is suitable with hospital because described the real work load in the ward. In the future, hopefully manager can give any tolerance like training day for nurse; add some staff both nursing staff and non-nursing staff as needs for service quality.
Upaya mewujudkan ?mengutamakan mutu dalam pelayanan? sebagai motto RSIA Hermina Podomoro sangat dipengaruhi oleh kuantitas dan kualitas perawat sebagai pemberi pelayanan. Untuk menjawab keluhan perawat mengenai beban kerja yang tinggi, perlu dilakukan analisis kebutuhan tenaga perawat dengan metode Workload Indicator Staffing Needs (WISN) sehingga diketahui kebutuhan tenaga berdasarkan beban kerja yang sesungguhnya. Penelitian dilakukan di ruang rawat inap bagian anak RSIA Hermina Podomoro menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif dengan melakukan observasi terhadap aktivitas perawat menurut metode work sampling pada 02-08 November 2011. Kemudian hasil observasi dianalisis dan dilakukan in-depth interview kepada beberapa informan.
Hasil penelitian membuktikan beban kerja perawat yang tinggi (90% dari total aktivitas perawat) dengan 32% diantaranya merupakan kegiatan administrasi. Rasio WISN 0.86 menunjukkan jumlah perawat saat ini lebih kecil dari pada yang dibutuhkan untuk mengatasi beban kerja yang ada, sehingga masih kekurangan dua tenaga perawat.Diharapkan pihak manajer mengaktifkan tenaga administrasi dan meningkatkan sistem informasi sehingga perawat lebih fokus untuk melakukan asuhan keperawatan langsung, menambah 2-4 perawat serta pelatihan pendokumentasian asuhan keperawatan demi meningkatkan mutu pelayanan keperawatan.
Effort to implement "the majoring quality in service" is the motto of RSIA Hermina Podomoro influenced by amount and quality of nurse as caregiver. To answer the concern of high work load, it is needed to analyse the requirement of nurse energy based on the Workload Indicator Staffing Needs (WISN) in order to know the real work load. This research was held in children ward of RSIA Hermina Podomoro through the observation of nurse activity at November 02 to November 08 2011. This research used the quantitative and qualitative approach. The observation used the form of work sampling and then held in-depth interview to some informan.
The result of the research proved the high nursing load work (90% of all nursing activities) with 32% of its administration activities. The ratio of WISN is 0,86. it means that the real amount of nurse is smaller than the nurse needed to overcome the real activities according to work load, so that to overcome the existing work load still need two nurses more. It is expected that the manager activate the work system of the administration personnel, and improve the information system so the nurses can be more concentrate to do the direct treatment. The manager should add two nurses staff, and inprove nursing documentation training for the service quality.
Beban kerja yang dilimpahkan kepada perawat untuk memasukkan data administrasi pasien ke dalam komputer mengambil sebagian waktu perhatian untuk pasien. Kemampuan perawat untuk memasukkan data ke dalam komputer berbeda - beda memberi dampak terhadap jumlah waktu yang berkurang kepada pasien. Kebijakan regulasi yang diambil pihak manajemen rumah sakit untuk menugaskan perawat melaksanakan aktivitas pemasukan data. Pemanfaatan komputer untuk pemasukan data yang harus tetap menjaga kerahasiaan pasien. Keluhan pada perawat yang mengatakan beban kerjanya terlalu tinggi karena harus melaksanakan tugas pemasukan data yang merupakan tugas administrasi. Penelitian dilakukan di ruang rawat inap ibu RSIA Hermina Podomoro menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif dengan melakukan observasi terhadap aktivitas perawat menurut metode work sampling dan kemudian hasil observasi dianalisis dan dilakukan wawancara kepada perawat. Pemasukan data mencapai 7,04% dan jenis tugas perawat di rumah sakit 39,87% dengan 2 orang perawat mengeluh pemasukan data dilakukan setelah jam kerja. Disarankan pemasukan data pasien yang dilakukan setelah melaksanakan secara penuh tugas perawat di rumah sakit. Diperlukan pengkajian kegiatan asisten dokter dan lain-lain yang dimungkinkan untuk disederhanakan. Kata Kunci: Beban Kerja, Pemasukan Data.
The workload is delegated to nurses to enter data into the computer patient administratiotook some time for patient care. The ability of nurses to enter data into computers of differeimpacts on the reduced amount of time to patients. Regulatory policy taken by the hospitamanagement to assign nurses perform data entry activity. Use of computers for data entry thamust keep patient confidentiality. Complaints to the nurse who said her workload is too hig because they have to perform data entry tasks that are administrative duties. The study was conducted in mother of wards using quantitative and qualitative approacheto observe the activities of nurses according to the method of work sampling then analyzed thresults of observations and interviews with nurses. The data entry reached 7.04% and the typof duties of nurses in hospitals 39.87% with 2 nurses complain of data entry is done aftbusiness hours. It is recommended that the patient data entry is done after fully carrying out theduties of nurses at the hospital. Assessment activities required physician assistants and othethat it is possible to be simplified. Keywords: Workload, Data Entry
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observational descriptive denganmenggunakan metode quantitative dan wawancara mendalam. Pengumpulan datasecara quantitative dilakukan dengan cara observasi, yang dilakukan dengan pendekatanwork sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui pengamatan terhadap kegiatanyang dilakukan perawat di instalasi rawat inap Rumah Sakit FMC. Samplepenelitiannya adalah seluruh perawat (27 perawat) di instalasi rawat inap. Data dianalisamenggunakan formula Gillies, PPNI, Ilyas dan Douglas.
Hasil: analisa ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan waktu produktif terhadap totalwaktu kerja kerja selama observasi 7 hari sebesar 64,87%. 28,11% digunakan untukaktifitas keperawatan langsung dan 36,11% digunakan untuk aktifitas keperawatan tidaklangsung. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan waktu produktif oleh perawat masihrendah. Berdasarkan penggunaan waktu produktif yang dianalisa menggunakan formulaGillies, PPNI, Ilyas dan Douglas rata-rata tenaga keperawatan yang dibutuhkan adalah22 perawat.
Kesimpulan: Jumlah optimal kebutuhan tenaga perawat yang dibutuhkan di instalasirawat inap Rumah Sakit FMC sebanyak 22 orang perawat. Hal ini menunjukkan adanyakelebihan jumlah perawat di instalasi rawat nap Rumah Sakit FMC sebanyak 5 orangperawat.
Kata kunci: beban kerja, work sampling, perawat
Background: Professional management is needed to determine the type as well as thequality of the human resources to assure the quality productive hospital services.Nurses, as one kind of the resources in hospital, act as a frontline service that should beplanned. This study aimed at finding out of workload and the optimal number ofnurses in the inpatient instalasi at FMC hospital 2018.
Method: This research is a descriptive observational study using quantitative methodand deep interview. Quantitative data collection observation was done by using worksampling approach. Data were collect through observation of nurses activities atinpatient instalasi at FMC hospital will be observed for seven days. Samples were allnurses (27 nurses) at inpatient instalasi. The data were analyzed using Gillies,Indonesian nurses association, Ilyas and Douglas formulas.
Results: The analysis showed that using the total productive activities time wereobserved for seven days at 64,87%. 28,76% is used for direct nursing activities and36,11% is used for indirect nursing activities, it was conclude that the productive timeuse of the nurses still very low. Based on the productive working hours that analyzedusing Gillies, Indonesian Nursse Association, Ilyas and Duoglas formulas, average onlytwenty two nurses needed.
Conclusion: The optimal number of nurses needed in the inpatient instalasi at FMChospital is twenty two nurses. This means that there are an excessive number of nursesas five nurses.
Keywords: workload, work sampling , nurses.
Penelitian dilaksanakan di Instalasi Kamar Bedah RS Husada tanggal 11- 17 Desember 2012. Penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif-kualitataif, analisa data kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode Time and motion study, dimana aktifitas perawat bedah diteliti pada kegiatan perioperatif, serta kegiatan diluar operasi. Kemudian dengan menggunakan metode Formula Unit Ruang Bedah dihitung jumlah kebutuhan perawat bedah berdasarkan beban kerja. Penelititan kuatitatif dengan wawancara mendalam mengenai kompetensi yaitu pengetahuan, ketrampilan, dan sikap perawat bedah, kepada 3 responden yaitu Kepala Bagian Bedah, Kepala Perawat, dan perawat bedah di Instalasi Kamar Bedah untuk mengetahui jumlah kebutuhan berdasarkan kompetensi perawat bedah.
Research was conducted at the Hospital Surgery Room Installation Husada on 11 to 17 December 2012. Research conducted a quantitative-qualitative descriptive research, quantitative data analysis using the Time and motion study, which investigated the activities of a surgical nurse perioperative events and activities outside of surgery. Then using the Formula Unit Ruang Bedah calculated amount need based surgical nurse workload. Qualitative research in-depth interviews about the competence of the knowledge, skills, and attitudes of surgical nurses, to the third respondent, Head of Department of Surgery, Head Nurse Installation, and surgical nurse at Surgical Room Installation.