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Hipertensi merupakan penyebab kematian No.3 di Indonesia, dengan prevalensi 31,7%, hipertensi tidak terdiagnosis sebesar 76%, berbagai indeks antropometri berhubungan dengan kejadian hipertensi, namun terdapat perbedaan mengenai cut off point. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji tiga indeks antropometri Indeks Masa Tubuh (IMT), Lingkar Pinggang (LP), dan Rasio Lingkar Pinggang Tinggi Badan (RLPTB) terhadap hipertensi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional, dengan menggunakan data sekunder Riskesdas tahun 2007. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian uji diagnostik untuk melihat nilai cut off point yang optimal, AUC (Area Under The Curve) dengan receiver operating characteristic (ROC), sensitifitas, dan spesifisitas, Positive predictive value, Negative predictive value, Likelihood Rasio Positive, Likelihood Rasio Negative, pre-test dan post-test probability IMT, LP, RLPTB. Prevalensi hipertensi di Indonesia 27,15%, nilai cut off untuk IMT 22,2-23 kg/m2, LP nilai cut off 75,9 cm-79,5 cm, RLPTB nilai cut off 0,47- 0,5. Indeks antropometri dapat di gunakan sebagai alat skrening walaupun dengan kekuatan diagnostik yang lemah. Kemampuan diagnostik pada penelitian ini lebih untuk menduga mereka yang tidak sakit dengan nilai Negative predictive value yang cukup baik. Studi ini merekomemdasikan penggunaan ingkar pinggang sebaga alat skrening terhadap hipertensi karena lebih muda dan murah.
Hypertension is the third a leading cause of death in Indonesia, with a prevalence of 31.7%, and undiagnosed hypertension by 76%, various anthropometric indices associated with the incidence of hypertension, but there are differences regarding the cut off point. This study aims to test three anthropometric indexes as a screening tool of undiagnosed hypertension. This study uses cross-sectional design, using secondary data Riskesdas 2007. This research is a diagnostic test to see the optimal cut off point, AUC (Area Under the Curve) with a receiver operating characteristic (ROC), sensitivity, and specificity. The prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia 27.15%, cut-off point for BMI 22.6 kg/m2- 23 kg/m2. For the wasit Circumference cut-off point of 75.9 cm-79,5 cm. Waist to Stature Ratio cutt off point of 0.47- 0.51. Anthropometric indices can be used as screening tool even with a weak diagnostic power. Diagnostic capability in this study is more to suspect they are not sick with Negative predictive value is good. This study recommends to use of waist circumference as a screening tool for hypertension because is easier and cheaper to use.
High blood pressure (hypertension) is an increase in arterial blood pressure. If left untreated and uncontrolled, hypertension can lead to death caused by complications. Mortality in patients with hypertension most often occurs because of stroke, kidney failure, heart disease, or disorders of the eye. In high blood pressure, heart pumps blood to the body with exceptional high pressure, one reason is because of emotional stress. Increased blood pressure will be greater in individuals who have a high tendency of emotional stress.
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic non-communicable diseases that become amajor cause of death in the population of women aged 45-54 years. This study aimsto determine the prevalence and risk factors of the occurance of diabetes mellitusbased on diagnosis and symptoms in adult women in Indonesia. This study used asecondary data Riskesdas 2007 with a cross-sectional design. Samples were adultwomen aged ≥ 18 years who are not pregnant, blood preasure was measured, and hasthe complete data. Results showed the prevalence of diabetes is based on thediagnosis and symptoms in adult women is 1.6%. The results of the bivariate analysisshowed there was a significant association (p value < 0,05) between age, educationlevel, employment status, marital status, physical activity, smoking, mentalemotional disorder, body mass index, central obesity, and hypertension with diabetesoccurance in adult women. Therefore, it is necessary to take prevention and earlydetection (screening) of the risk factors and blood sugar screening as early aspossible.Keywords: risk factors, diabetes mellitus, adult women, Indonesia, Riskesdas
Kata kunci :Hipertensi, aktivitas fisik, cross sectional, cox regression, IFLS 5.
Hypertension is the leading causes for prematur death worldwide. Globally, WHOreported about nearly one billion people living with hypertension and it is estimated thatthis number will escalate to more than 1,5 billion by the year 2025. Insufficient physicalactivity is one of the modifiable risk factors for hypertension, which is not required greateffort and cost. In 2013, the prevalence of hypertension among Indonesian adults was25,8% and the proportion of insufficient physical activity was 26,1%. This study aims toknow the prevalence of hypertension, the proportion of insufficient physical activity andalso its relationship among the Indonesian adults based on IFLS 5 data in 2014. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 26.043 respondents in IFLS 5 aged 18 years andabove. The JNC-7 guidelines used to defined hypertension (if systolic blood pressure≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic ≥90 mmHg), whereas physical activity measured by thehabit of performing physical activity for at least 10 minutes a week. Statistical test onbivariate and multivariate analysis using cox regression. The prevalence of hypertensionwas 24,09% and the proportion of insufficient physical activity was 35,68%. Statisticaltest shown there was a significant relationship between physical activity and hypertension(P value 0,000), people with insufficient physical activity at risk 1,15 times havinghypertension than those with active physical activity (PR: 1,15; 95 % CI: 1,09-1,21).Adults should do at least 30 minutes walking everyday, province/district health officeneeds to use social media such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, etc, in order to promotingthe benefit of physical activity.
Keywords :Hypertension, physical activity, cross sectional, cox regression, IFLS 5.
