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The Emergency Department (ED) has already known as the gateway and the reflection of services given by the hospital which is suppose to be fast accurate and qualified without neglecting the pntient's safety. As the problem is more and more complicated regarding to services at the ED, therefore, a study is needed in order to explore how the quality of the service management is, as well as the input and process factors influenced at the ED of RK Charitas Hospital of Palembang. The research is a qualitative study with the Problem Solving Approach as the strategy of the study. The study is carried out at the ED of RK Charitas Hospital from March to April 2008 with an in-depth interview, direct observation and documents assessment (secondary data exploration), as the method of infonnation eolleetion. The study is using the Problem Priority Matrix in order to find the problem solving prioritizing base on the magnitude of benefit yielded from effort required. There are five problems in the three first order, namely ; time for picking-up inpatient care at the ED still too long, inadequate quality of doctor and nurse at the ED, in adequate amount of nurses, and inadequancy on triase implementation at the ED of RK Charitas Hospital of Palembang. It was suggested the existence of coordination between medical directorates and nursing to minimize time of patient?s transfer from ED to inpatient care unit, giving education and training for doctor and nurse at ED, adding nurse worker at ED, assuring triase implementation and opening an incidental unit near ED at the time of outpatient unit is closed.
ABSTRAK Nama : Noer Triyanto Rusli Program Studi : Kajian Administrasi Rumah Sakit Judul : Analisis Biaya dan Faktor-Faktor Penentu Inefisiensi Layanan Hemodialisis Pada Pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronik Rumah Sakit RK Charitas Palembang Tahun 2016 Diberlakukannya JKN di rumah sakit mengubah sistem pembayaran dari pembayaran secara retrospektif (fee for service) menjadi sistem pembayaran prospektif (INA-CBG’s) Sebagai salah satu fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan, RS RK Charitas mempunyai peranan untuk memberikan pelayanan yang berkualitas namun tetap memperhatikan cost effective pelayanan yang diberikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis biaya dan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor penentu inefisiensi layanan hemodialisis pada pasien gagal ginjal kronik di RS RK Charitas. Jenis penelitian ini bersifat analisis deskriptif dengan menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder. Analisis biaya menggunakan pendekatan Activity Based Costing (ABC) dengan metode “Bottom Up”. Metode ABC untuk mengalokasikan biaya dengan mengidentifikasi pemicu biaya (cost driver) penyebab terjadinya biaya layanan hemodialisis. Beban biaya operasional merupakan beban yang terbesar dalam penyelenggaraan layanan hemodialisis. Analisis faktor-faktor penyebab inefisiensi dilakukan dengan perhitungan Value Stream Mapping (VSM). Komposisi value added (VA) dibanding non value added (NVA) adalah 17.73%:82.27%. Implementasi lean pada layanan hemodialisis dapat mengeliminasi pemborosan. Kata kunci: Analisis biaya, metode ABC, implementasi lean
ABSTRACT Name : Noer Triyanto Rusli Programme : Hospital Administration Title : Analysis of Cost and Determinants of Inefficiency of Hemodialysis Services for Patients with Chronic Renal Failure at RK Charitas Hospital Palembang 2016 Enactment of JKN in hospital changes the payment system from retrospective payment (fee for service) into prospective payment (INA-CBG's). As a healthcare facility, RK Charitas Hospital has a role to provide not only quality but also to consider cost effective of services. This study aimed to analyze costs and identify the determinants of the inefficiency of hemodialysis services in patients with chronic renal failure at RK Charitas Hospital. This is a descriptive analysis research using primary and secondary data. Approach of cost analysis is Activity Based Costing (ABC) with "Bottom Up" method. ABC method is used to allocate costs by identifying cost drivers of hemodialysis services. Operational cost is the biggest expense in the hemodialysis services. Analysis of the inefficiency factors uses the calculation of Value Stream Mapping (VSM). The composition of value added (VA) compared to non-value added (NVA) is 17.73%: 82.27%. Lean implementation on hemodialysis services could eliminate waste. Key words: Cost analysis, ABC method, lean implementation
Implementation of ISO 9001:2008 Quality Management Standards have beenimplemented in BRSU Tabanan since 2009 in an effort to improve the quality ofcare , but there are still complaints against the ministry in BRSU Tabanan . Untilnow, this has never been done in the Emergency Room service performanceanalysis on the application of ISO 9001:2008 Quality Management StandardBRSU Tabanan . This study was conducted aimed to determine and analyze theperformance of services in the emergency department on the application of ISO9001:2008 QMS in Emergency Room BRSU Tabanan.Do months from August toOctober , 2013, with a qualitative research method that comes with thequantitative data is secondary data quality objectives in the Emergency Room asindicator performance .. Respondents service satisfaction in the emergencydepartment for patients or their families were coming month of August to October2013, which are willing to fill out a questionnaire , as many as 150 people .Emergency Room staff and staff working in the field of service of at least 3 yearsas respondents in the application of ISO 9001:2008 QMS Emergency Room are71 . In-depth interviews to the Board of Directors as an informant were 3 peoplein the achievement of performance information in the Emergency Room and theapplication of ISO 9001:2008 QMS . Data were analyzed using content analysis .The results show the performance of services in the Emergency Room alreadywell on target mutul 9 of 12 quality objectives in the Emergency Room . Qualityobjectives is not good customer complaints , customer dissatisfaction with theservices of doctors and patient mortality in Emergency Room ≤ 24 hours .Required an increase in the budget aimed at improving the quality of humanresources in the emergency department with increasing hospital revenue ,completing facilities for intensive care and resocialization of the application ofQMSKeyword : Performance Emergency Room Services, ISO 9001:2008 QMS
Rumah sakit merupakan organisasi yang padat modal, padat karya, padat sumber daya dan sarat akan resiko-resiko. Bagi rumah sakit yang tidak mempersiapkan diri untuk mencegah kejadian-kejadian yang berpotensi teJjadinya resiko medis akan mengalami tuntutan hukum dan mengalami kerugian-kerugian secara finasial. Pengelolaan dan antisipasi resiko medis harus ditunjang oleh pengetahuan, sikap dan hubungan sosial tenaga kesehatan mengenai kesalahan medis untuk menghlndari dampak yang mcrugikan pasien tenaga kesehatan dan rumah sakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengetahuan, sikap dan hubungan sosial tenaga kesehatan terhadap kesalahan medis serta mengetahui keadaan sarana dan prasarana di unit gawat darurat. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah sakit Bhakti Husada dengan 10 informan yang terdiri dari para Kepala Ruang unit gawat darurat, Ketua Tim Perawat unit gawat darurat, dokter pelaksana dan perawat pelaksana. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dan metode kuantitatif yang kemudian dilakukan wawancara mendalam, telaah dokumen dan pengisian kuesioner. Analisis data dilakukan dengan membandingkan basil penelitian dengan teori-teori kepustakaan(Content analysis). Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa sebagian besar informan untuk pengetahuan mengenai defenisi, macam tipe dan proses serta sumber-sumber kesalahan medis medis secara umum pengetahuan tenaga kesehatan telah satu pendapat atau satu persepsi terhadap kesalahan medis. Untuk sikap informan mengenai dampak dan upaya-upaya pencegahan kesalahan medis mempunyai respon yang positip dengan mendukung program keselamatan pasien yang telah dilakukan rumah sakit Bhakti Husada. Hubungan sosial tenaga kesehatan secara umum mereka sudah terbentuk dalam hal komunikasi antar tenaga kesehatan sudah terjalin baik dan berkelanjutan dengan adanya forum diskusi sebagai upaya membentuk kebersarnaan dan satu pendapat dalam melakukan tindakan medis dan menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang timbal balik dengan saling memberi dan mengawasi dalam setiap melaksanakan tugasnya. Dari hasil penelitian ini disaraukan untuk manajemen rumah sakit lebih memperhatikan unit gawat darurat dalam memenuhi standar yang telah ditetapkan oleh Departemen Kesehatan dalam dalam hal fasilitas dan peralatan medis, meningkatkan pengetahuan tenaga kesehatan dengan memberikan pelatihan-pelatihan keselamatan pasien secara periodik. Peran kepala ruang unit gawat darurat diharapkan lebih meningkatkan pengawasan pelaksanaan (Standard operating procedure) SOP sebagai upaya mengetahui hal-hal apa saja yang selama ini dilakukannya yang dapat berpotensi menimbulkan kesalahan medis.
Hospital is an organization with full of complexity of things and high risk. For several hospitals with un-preparation them selves to avoiding some incidents which has potential high risks probably will get law problem and also will get financial losses. Managerial and anticipating of medical risks, must be completed with good attitude, good knowledge, and good social relationship of medical employees to avoiding incident or action which dangerous for patient, medical employees and also for the hospital it self. This research is aimed to understand the knowledge, attitude and social relationship of medical employees. Research done in the hospital Bhakti Husada involving 10 (ten) information sources consist from head of emergency room, team leader of nurse, doctors and nurse implementer. Research method used are both qualitative and quantitative method and later make in-depth interview, filling in questioners and document analysis. Data analysis was performed using comparing results of research to literature theory (Content analysis). It was found of the research that the knowledge of the information about definition, type of medical error and source of medical error were good general. Attitude from information about impact of medical error and prevention of medical error has positive response with supporting patient safety program which has done by the hospital Bhakti Husada. While social relationship of medical employees in general already has good communication and good team work. From this research, it is advisable for the hospital management more pay attention to emergency room to get standard from health of department about facilities and medical equipment, arrange routine schedule training about patient safety and emergency program. Head of emergency room always supervise the implementation of standard operating procedure to avoid and prevent of medical action which can be occurred as medical error. File Digital: 1
Waiting time is one indicator of health services. The increase in waiting time in the Emergency Department (ED) has an impact on longer treatment days, increased mortality and reduced patient satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to determine the length of stay for services at the emergency department of the Tangerang General Hospital using lean method to determine waste at each stage of activity. This research method is operational research with qualitative and quantitative approaches, primary data sources taken from direct observation using time motion study techniques and in-depth interviews. The waiting time at the ER at the Tangerang Regency General Hospital is 852.92 minutes for inpatients and 564.24 minutes for outpatients. The length of time for each service is as follows: triage is 11.83 minutes, waiting time for an emergency room doctor examination is 32.25 minutes, drug administration time and action is 22.33 minutes, waiting time for laboratory examination is 106.07 minutes, waiting time for examination radiology 140.15 minutes, waiting time for specialist doctor consultation 146.54 minutes, waiting time for inpatient registration 164.8 minutes, waiting time for inpatient admission 58.5 minutes, patient administration time going home 89.6 minutes. The largest nonvalued added activity is waiting for specialist consultations. Found 2 types of waste, namely waiting (93.3%) and motion (6.7%). After conducting an analysis using the 5 why method, the root of the problem was found in the number of nurses, not yet maximally carrying out tupoksi, hospital information system applications that are less user friendly, specialist doctors are not standby and consultation SOPs are not optimally run, lack of clinical experience of doctors ER, as well as the unavailability of the ward. The conclusion, t the waiting time in the ER at the Tangerang General Hospital exceeds the standard time (4 hours). The lean approach is appropriate to look for waste in health service activities so that problem solving efforts can be obtained to improve service waiting times in the IGD RSU Tangerang Gneral Hospital
Emergency department (ED) is a part of hospital which giving advancedservices. In dr. Mohammad Hoesin (RSMH) Palembang hospital already own anemergency department based on SK director of the hospital whom establishes theorganizational structure, duties and responsibilities, vision and mission, and standardoperating procedures emergency services. ED RSMH Palembang is lead by aspecialist urology and assisted by two heads of the room. Standard service of ED hasimplementing service standards according to accreditation standards KARS 2012.ED in the hospital arranged Indonesian health minister No.865/Menkes/SK/IX/2009 about ED standards. The head of health minister regulatesthe standardization of emergency services at the hospital, which managing standardorganizations, human resources, services, completeness infrastructure in ED. RSMHPalembang has been implemented specialist doctors duty on site in the ER sinceJanuary, 30th 2014 as a follow-up of the head of the Indonesian health minister. Eversince implemented a policy specialist on duty in the ER site still found thecompliance of the doctors are still not optimal and although the quality of service hasimproved in line with acreditation hospital KARS version 2012.This research aims to determine how the implementation of policy specialistsdoctors on site in the ER has been implemented in accordance with the expectedgoals in accordance with the head of health minister. Research done with qualitativemethod by performing in-depth interviews on informants. Informants interviewed areRSMH Palembang board of directors, chairman of the medical committee, chieffinancial officer, head of the ED room and specialist doctors. Assessment interviewresults are using logical framework policy implementation model George Edward IIIwith variable resources, communications, disposition and organizational structure.From the results of this study, the implementation of policy specialist doctorson site guard has not run well, due to the communication factor, disposition andorganizational structure has not been going well and much needed resource support.The given proposal is the addition of appropriate power and competence standards,the revised SOP, provision of communication media, improvement of facilities,improving the coordination and monitoring functions regularly, advocacy to the headof the Indonesian health minister.Keywords:Implementation, Emergency Department, George Edward III
Rumah sakit merupakan organisasi yang padat modal, padat karya dan padat sumber daya. Bagi rumah sakit yang tidak mempersiapkan diri dengan sarana dan prasarana serta sumber daya manusia yang mempunyai pendidikan dan ketrampilan yang optimal akan berpotensi menimbulkan kekecewaan bagi pasien dan keluarganya, dapat juga mengalami tuntutan hukum dan akan mengalami kerugiankerugian finansial lainnya terutama jika bekerja tanpa berpedoman pada standar operasional prosedur yang ditetapkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kesiapan Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Nagan Raya dalam menerapkan sistem penanggulangan gawat darurat terpadu, Serta mengetahui keadaan sarana dan prasarana di unit gawat darurat, sumber daya manusia, standar dan kebijakan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan melakukan wawancara mendalam, telaah dokumen dan observasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan melakukan komparasi dengan standar Departemen Kesehatan nomor 106 tahun 2004, berkaitan dengan sistem penanggulangan gawat darurat terpadu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Nagan Raya belum siap dengan sistem penanggulangan gawat darurat terpadu, dibuktikan dengan ruangan, peralatan medis, ambulan yang tidak sesuai standar serta masih banyak tenaga pelaksana di unit gawat darurat yang belum mengikuti pelatihan PPGD. Setelah dilakukan analisis kesenjangan maka yang menjadi alasan ketidaksiapan adalah lebih kurang sosialisasi sistem penanggulangan gawat darurat terpadu masih rendah, serta terkendala pada anggaran. Dari hasil penelitian disarankan untuk manajemen rumah sakit lebih memperhatikan unit gawat darurat dalam memenuhi standar yang telah ditetapkan oleh Departemen Kesehatan dalam hal fasilitas dan peralatan medis, meningkatkan pengetahuan tenaga kesehatan dengan memberikan pelatihan-pelatihan tentang gawat darurat seperti PPGD, BLS dan pelatihan gawat darurat lainnya. Untuk itu diharapkan kepada pihak manajemen di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Nagan Raya serta kepala Unit Gawat Darurat untuk melakukan sosialisasi Sistem penanggulangan gawat darurat terpadu kepada seluruh tenaga yang bertugas di unit gawat darurat serta meningkatkan komitmen tenaga di UGD dalam memberikan pelayanan yang bermutu terhadap pasien.
Hospital is capital intense organization,a lots of activities, and resources. For hospital that unprepared self with structure, infrastructure and human resource that have education and optimal skill will generate disappointment for patient and its family and also cause of prosecution and financial losses other especially if work without at standard of procedure operational specified. This Research intent to know the readiness of General Hospital Nagan Raya to applying the Integrated System of Emergency Services in Intensive Care Unit and know structure and infrastructure?s situation in intensive care unit, human resource, standard and policy. Research Method is using qualitative by undertaking deep interview, document study and observation. Data Analysis is conducted by undertaking comparison with standard from Department of Public Health no.106, 2004, relate to system of integrated service emergency serious condition. The Research Result shows General Hospital Nagan Raya not ready yet with the Integrated System of Emergency Services in Intensive Care Unit, proved by the room, medical equipments, inappropriate ambulance standard and many executors in intensive care unit that has not followed training PPGD yet. After conducted difference analysis the reason of unready ness is the system socialization of system integrated emergency serious condition has been low and stuck in budget. From research result suggested for hospital management more concerned about intensive care unit in fulfilling standard that was issued by Department of Public Health in the case of facility and medical equipments, improve knowledge of health worker by give trainings about emergency serious condition like PPGD, BLS and other training of emergency serious condition. Expectation to the chief of management in General hospital Nagan Raya and Intensive care unit head to conduct socialization the Integrated System of Emergency Services in Intensive Care Unit to the whole commissioned worker in intensive care unit and improve worker's commitment in UGD in giving certifiable service against the patient.
