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ABSTRAK Nama : Ardian Yoga Bharata Program Studi : Magister Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja Judul : Kajian Panca Nirbhaya (HSE Management System PT. Harmoni Panca Utama) Terhadap OHS Management System Theories Berbasis Prinsip Resilience Pembimbing : Drs. (Psi) Ridwan Zahdi Sjaaf, MPH Tesis ini melakukan kajian mendalam Panca Nirbhaya yaitu sistem manajemen keselamatan pertambangan di PT HPU yang merupakan salah satu perusahaan jasa pertambangan di Indonesia. Kajian yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode analisa kualitatif dengan melakukan analisa gap dan Kajian Panca Nirbhaya terhadap OHS Management System Theories berbasis resilience. Pada penelitian ini metode kualitatif digunakan untuk menilai keefetifan dan kehandalan Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja PT HPU (Panca Nirbhaya). Dalam OHS Management System dikena suatu konsep Sistem Manajemen K3 yang ber prinsip resilience yang dikenal dengan Safety I dan Safety II. Kajian yang dilakukan adalah melihat secara mendalam konten dalam standar di Panca Nirbhaya berada dalam Safety I atau Safety II. Konsep Safety Management Sistem berbasis resilience memberikan pandangan tentang Safety I dan Safety II, yaitu Safety I sangat berkonsentrasi pada “hal yang buruk”, maka ketiadaan hal yang buruk dianggap sebagai sebuah prestasi sedangkan Safety II berfokus memastikan hal yang sudah baik terus menjadi baik. Selain itu juga mengkaji Panca Nirbhaya secara prinsip resilience apakah standar mampu merespon setiap kondisi/aktivitas baik yang bersifat rutin dan tidak rutin dengan cara yang efektif, sistem mampu mengambil pelajaran/mampu belajar dari peristiwa yang telah terjadi, mengerti benar apa yang terjadi dan mengapa hal tersebut terjadi, sistem mampu memantau perkembangan jangka pendek dan ancaman yang mungkin terjadi serta mampu mengantisipasi ancaman jangka panjang dan melihat peluang untuk perbaikan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa sebagain besar sub elemen dalam Panca Nirbhaya sudah berada di Safety II yaitu sebanyak 37 sub elemen, serta 18 elemen masih berada di Safety I. Sub elemen yang masih berada di Safety I tersebut masih belum mengakomodir kriteria – kriteria yang dalam konsep resilience safety II terutama dalam hal antisipasi yang harus dilakukan organisasi kedepan/jangka panjang serta mengakomodir hal-hal lain yang bersifat inisiatif dan improvement yang bisa dilakukan organisasi. Semua sub elemen yang masih berada di Safety I tersebut, perlu dirubah dan ditambahkan agar sub elemen tersebut bisa memperkuat sistem pertahanan yang telah ada diperusahaan, sehingga sistem Panca Nirbhaya menjadi suatu sistem yang telah berbasis prinsip resilience. Kata kunci: Sistem Manajemen K3, resilience safety , Safety I dan Safety II
ABSTRACT Name : Ardian Yoga Bharata Study Program : Master of Occupational Health & Safety : Study Of Panca Nirbhaya (HSE Management System PT Harmoni Panca Utama) against OHS Management System with Resilience Principle based theory Counsellor Title : Drs. (Psi) Ridwan Zahdi Sjaaf, MPH Key words: Occupational Health & Safety, resilience safety , Safety I dan Safety II, information This thesis conducts in-depth study Panca Nirbhaya mining safety management systems namely PT HPU which is one of the mining service companies in Indonesia. Studies conducted using qualitative analysis method with Study and gap analysis Panca Nirbhaya against OHS Management System resilience-based Theories. In the current study qualitative methods were used to assess the effectiveness and reliability of safety and health management systems Work PT HPU (Panca Nirbhaya). In the OHS Management System management system, a concept of systems known K3 with resilience, known as the principle of Safety I and Safety II. The study does is look deeply content in standard in Panca Nirbhaya are in Safety I or II Safety. The concept of Safety Management Systems-based resilience gives the view of Safety I and Safety II, namely Safety I was very concentrated on the "bad thing", then the absence of a bad thing is considered an achievement while Safety II focuses ensure good things continue to be good. It also examines the Panca Nirbhaya resilience in principle whether standard able to respond any condition good/activities which are routine and not routine in a way that is effective, the system is able to take the lessons/capable of learning from the event has happened, understand correctly what happened and why it happened, the system is able to monitor short-term developments and threats that may occur as well as being able to anticipate a long-term threat and see opportunities for improvement. Results of the study show that filmed the sub element in Panca Nirbhaya already are in Safety II as much as 37 sub elements, as well as 18 elements are still in Safety i. Sub elements that remain in Safety I still have yet to accommodate the criteria – the criteria in the concept of resilience safety II especially in anticipation of the future organization should do/long term as well as accommodate the other things which are initiatives and improvement that could be made of the organization. All sub elements that remain in Safety, I need to change it and added so that the sub elements can reinforce existing defence systems inside, so the system Senses Nirbhaya became a principle-based system that has resilience.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan CSMS online dirasakan belum optimal baik bagi perusahaan maupun bagi pengguna sistem, masih ditemukan kendala dan hambatan pada pengguna dan sistem yang digunakan. Perbaikan dalam implementasi CSMS online perlu dilakukan. Perbaikan terutama pada kebijakan, komunikasi yang lebih menyeluruh, peningkatan kesadaran pengguna sistem, pengembangan aplikasi CSMS online, serta perbaikan dari sisi sistem online yang digunakan. Sehingga diharapkan penggunaan CSMS online dapat optimal dan memberikan manfaat bagi perusahaan dan pengguna sistem.
This Study aimed to evaluate the Contractor Safety Management System (CSMS) Online that has been used by PT. XYZ in the period of 2013 ? 2014. CSMS online is a web-based system that is use in the CSMS implementation in PT. XYZ to replace the manual system previously applied. The research was carried out by using descriptive qualitative method. Data collection was conducted using interviews to the user.
The result showed that the use of CSMS online is not optimal for both companies and user, there are still obstacles and barriers to the user and the system being used. Improvements in the implementation of CSMS online is necessary. Especially in the policy, thorough communication, user awareness, CSMS online aplication development, and improvement of the system being used. Therefor the expection of using CSMS online can be optimal and provide benefits for companies and user of the system.
Process Safety Management (PSM) is one approach to controlling risk to the high hazard process by reducing the Loss Of Primary Containment (LOPC) of hazardous materials in a process that could potentially become a major event. As a way to reduce Loss Of Primary Containment (LOPC), it can be done by recording Process Safety Events (PSEs) information. This information is then recorded through the Process Safety Management (PSM) program and can become a requirement for an industry to operate. The framework for process safety, and the development of key performance indicators, is illustrated in the Process Safety Pyramid and is divided into 4 tiers. The four levels of the Process Safety Pyramid can provide various steps for process safety. However, it is important to choose highly relevant KPIs that can measure the integrity of risk control measures and provide an early warning system against system failures or systemic failures. Key Performance Indicator (KPI) for Tier 4 is a leading indicator designed to monitor the realization of a planned program, fulfillment of regulatory compliance, monitoring and recording, as well as efforts to resolve or corrective actions from recommendations that arise related to activities. in 14 elements. Therefore, a Tier 4 KPI is generally for measuring planned activities and the goal is to achieve 100% completion. In addition, Tier 4 indicators can also be used as an internal company tool for reporting and measuring the performance of each operating unit that needs to be continuously developed and adjusted to the actual conditions in the company (API 754). Based on the research that has been done, it can be concluded that PT.X has taken into account PSM in its operations, but there is still a lot of room for further development because there are still the results of calculating some elements that are classified as bad. This deficiency is caused by a lack of understanding regarding PSM from top management to operators.
Penerapan sistem management keselamatan dan kesehatan kelja di [ndonesia belum di imbangi dengan pemahaman yang baik mengenai esensi sistem management keselamatan dan kesehatan kelja itu sendiri. Sehingga perkembangannya sangat lambat bahkan tetap ditempat. Sistem management keselamatan dan kesehatan kelja sebagai suatu siklus haruslah dipahami oleh setiap organisasi, siklus yang berjalan kearah perbaikan terus menenls hams tetap dliaga, untuk menjalankan, mengembangkan dan menjaga performa haruslah mengetahui jenis dan karakter sistem management keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja yang diterapkan. Ada pengertian yang berbeda antara sistem management dan OHSAS 18001, SMK3 DEPNAKER merupakan jenis tipe atau model sistem management keselamatan dan kesehatan ketja, tentu saja hal ini menyebabkan pengembangan keaxarah perbaikan terus menems mcnjadi bias, dikarenakan kurangnya pemahaman mengenai tipe dan karakter sistem management yang diterapkan. Dengan mengetahui bagaimana karakter dan tipe sistem management yang ditetapkan di organisasi tentu akan menjadi lebih mudah bagi pemegang tanggung jawab untuk melakukan tindakan tindakan kearah perbaikan.
Melihat banyaknya standar standar sistem management yang harus dipenuhi oleh organisasi, Serta kulangnya pemahaman mengenai tipe dan karakter suatu sistem management yang diterapkan oleh perusahaann , mendorong penulis untuk melakuknn kajian terhadap sistem management yang ada khususnya SMK3 yang diterapkan di PT X, dcngan harapan dapat memperoleh gambaran mengenai karakter dan tipe sistem management keselamatan kctja yang ada di PT X. Penulis menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dalam penelitiannya, dcngan mcmanfaatkan pengctahuan , pemahan serta penerapan para karyawan dilapangan sebanyak 80 orang sebagai sample, ditanyakan berbagai pertanyaan melalui kuesioner yang disusun kedalam empat kelompok.
Dari hasil pengolahan jawaban yang diperoleh dengan melakukan dua tahap perhitungan, yaitu pertama menjumlahkan nilai hasil survey, kemudian memberikan peringkat sehingga dapat diperoleh distribusi kecenderungan dari matrik yang ada dengan bantuan SPSS dan uji statistik anova dua arah serla uji signifikasi test freadman diperoleh nilai yang significant saling berhubungan. Dengan framework Gallagher tentang tipology system tipenya diperoleh gambaran keeendenlngan karakter dan system type yang diterapkan di PT X dimana diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa Struktur dan tipe Sistem management keselamatan dan kesehatan ketja di PT X adalah campuran traclisional innovative managementS Strategi pengendalian adalah .nge person, sehingga pendekatan yang dilakukan adalah mclalui mix antara Sophisticated Behavioral approach dan Ummm: act minimtser. Pelaksanaan element program khusus di PT X menggunakan gaya traditional Unsajiz act minimiser dan Traditional engineering and design.
Implementation of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) for organization that employed 100 people or more in Indonesia, makes the OHS management system mandatory, on the contrary in the foreign country its management system Implementation is voluntary. Even though it is voluntary, the global business agreement at least changed the voluntary to be a compulsion to applied if wants to keep the competitiveness. The GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) 1994 stated: "The member state cannot make technical rules which obstruct incoming goods in the member state unless if concerning about occupational safety problems" OHS safety management implementation in Indonesia haven’t yet completed with good understanding of its OHS management system essence, it caused the improvement arc walk slowly and in fact static.
OHS management system as a cycle should be comprehended by all organization, the continuous improvement should preserve, to run, enlarge and keep the performance, organization should known the adequate type and characteristic of applied OHS management system. There are different understandings between OHS management system of Labour Department (SMK3 DEPNAKER) and OI-[SAS 18001. SMK3 DEPNAKER is type and model of OHS management system, of course this is caused the expansion of continuous improvement becomes difli-action, caused by lack of understanding about type and character of implemented management system. By known how the character and type of applied management system it will be easy for thc stakeholder to do improvement actions.
A large amount standard of management system which should followed by organization and lack of understanding about type and character of the applied management system by the company, encourages the researcher to study management system especially SMK3 which applied by PT. X, to obtain the description about character and management system type of occupational safety in PT. X. The researcher are using descriptive qualitative method in his research, using the knowledge, understanding, and implementation bythe field employee, as 80 persons as sample, asked by various question trough questionnaire which consist in four groups.
The answers are processed with two stage of calculation; first is sums up the value of survey result, then giving rank to obtain trend of distribution fiom the existence matrix with SPSS program and two way ANOVA statistic test and also friedman significant test, the result is interaction or interrelated significant value. From Gallagher’s ii-amework about typology of its type system obtained the descriptive of character trend and applied system type by PT. X. conclude that structure and type of OHS management system in PT. X. is combination of traditional innovative management system. The control strategy is safe person, so the approach used is the mix between sophisticated behavioral approach and unsajé act minimizer. The implementation of special element program in PT.X used traditional style of unsafe ac! minimrlfer and traditional engineering and design.