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Penelitian dilaksanakan di Instalasi Kamar Bedah RS Husada tanggal 11- 17 Desember 2012. Penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif-kualitataif, analisa data kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode Time and motion study, dimana aktifitas perawat bedah diteliti pada kegiatan perioperatif, serta kegiatan diluar operasi. Kemudian dengan menggunakan metode Formula Unit Ruang Bedah dihitung jumlah kebutuhan perawat bedah berdasarkan beban kerja. Penelititan kuatitatif dengan wawancara mendalam mengenai kompetensi yaitu pengetahuan, ketrampilan, dan sikap perawat bedah, kepada 3 responden yaitu Kepala Bagian Bedah, Kepala Perawat, dan perawat bedah di Instalasi Kamar Bedah untuk mengetahui jumlah kebutuhan berdasarkan kompetensi perawat bedah.
Research was conducted at the Hospital Surgery Room Installation Husada on 11 to 17 December 2012. Research conducted a quantitative-qualitative descriptive research, quantitative data analysis using the Time and motion study, which investigated the activities of a surgical nurse perioperative events and activities outside of surgery. Then using the Formula Unit Ruang Bedah calculated amount need based surgical nurse workload. Qualitative research in-depth interviews about the competence of the knowledge, skills, and attitudes of surgical nurses, to the third respondent, Head of Department of Surgery, Head Nurse Installation, and surgical nurse at Surgical Room Installation.
Perawat sebagai salah satu sumber daya manusia di rumah sakit merupakan ujung tombak pelayanan yang harus direncanakan secara matang, baik secara kuantitas (beban kerja) maupun kualitas (kompetensi kerja). Dalam penelitian ini akan dibahas tentang analisa kebutuhan tenaga keperawatan di Instalasi Hemodialisa RSUP Persahabatan berdasarkan beban kerja (menggunakan time and motion study kepada 8 perawat kemudian diolah dengan Metode Ilyas) dan kompetensi kerja (depth interview kepada tiga informan dengan fokus kepada pengetahuan seputar pekerjaan, keterampilan dan sikap). Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa terdapat satu dan atau dua tenaga perawat dengan kualifikasi minimal lulusan D3 keperawatan yang telah diikutkan pelatihan hemodialisa.
Nurses, as one kind of the human resources in hospitals, act as a frontline service that should be planned thoroughly, both in its quantity (based on workload) and quality (based on competencies). This research was about needs assessment of nursing personnel in the Hemodialysis Installation of RSUP Persahabatan based on workload (using time and motion study technique then manipulated by Ilyas Method) and competencies (depth interview focusing on job knowledge, skill and attitude, on three subjects). The research concluded that there is one or two nursing shortage, having qualification of D3 of nursing (as minimal education) and hemodialysis training.
Upaya mewujudkan tuntutan pasien dan masyarakat terkait denganpelayanan farmasi yang bermutu berhubungan erat dengan kuantitas dan kualitas tenaga farmasi. Studi ini menganalisis beban kerja dan kebutuhan tenaga farmasi di Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit Jiwa Daerah Provinsi Lampung. Metoda work sampling digunakan untuk mengukur beban kerja, sedangkan metode Workload Indicator Staffing Needs (WISN) digunakan untuk mengukur kebutuhan tenaga berdasarkan beban kerja yang sesungguhnya. Work sampling dilaksanakan pada 06-12 Juni 2012, dan hasilnya digunakan sebagai pokok bahasan dalam in-depth interview dengan beberapa informan. Hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa tenaga farmasi yang ada telah menggunakan 90,3% waktu kerjanya dengan kegiatan produktif. Dari kegiatan produktif dimaksud, sebanyak 42,6% adalah untuk kegiatan produktif langsung, sedangkan sisanya merupakan kegiatan produktif tidak langsung. Sebanyak 24,1% kegiatan produktif tidak langsung adalah kegiatan administratif. Dengan demikian dalam studi ini diperoleh ada sebanyak 9,7% merupakan kegiatan non produktif dan kegiatan pribadi. Berdasarkan hasil work sampling tersebut, dengan WISN ternyata jumlah tenaga yang ada saat ini lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan kebutuhan tenaga untuk menyelesaikan tugas dan fungsi di Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit Jiwa Provinsi Lampung.
Efforts to realize the demands of patients and the public related to the quality of pharmaceutical services is closely linked to the quantity and quality of pharmacists. This study analyzes the workload and manpower needs in the Pharmaceutical Installation Regional Mental Hospital Pharmacy Lampung Province. Work sampling method used to measure the workload, while the method Workload Indicator Staffing Needs (WISN) is used to measure the power requirements based on actual workload. Work sampling conducted on June 6 to 12, 2012, and the results used as the subject of in-depth interviews with multiple informants. The results of this study indicate that the pharmacy personnel who have been using 90.3% of the time it works with productive activities. Of productive activity is, as much as 42.6% is for direct productive activities, while the rest are not directly productive activities. A total of 24.1% indirect productive activities are administrative activities. Thus in this study was obtained there as much as 9.7% are non-productive activities and personal activities. Based on the results of the sampling work, with WISN turns out that the current force is smaller than the power requirements to complete the tasks and functions of the Mental Hospital Pharmacy Installation of Lampung Province.
The discrepancy between the number of nurses' willingness and the calculation of nurse needs is a problem that needs to be studied. One of them is knowing the actual workload as an effort to improve the quality of nursing services in hospitals. Workloads that are not in accordance with the ability of nurses will cause fatigue, work stress and dissatisfaction of patients who being treated. This study analyzes the need for practical nurses in the Teratai Ward based on workload using time and motion studies which are then processed based on the WISN method and the Ilyas method. Observational research was carried out for 7 days to 7 nurses to determine the workload of nurses. The results of the study obtained that the productive time of nurses was 91% of the entire time of nurses' activities. The workload on the afternoon shift has a higher value than the morning shift. The researcher concludes that the workload of nurses in the Teratai ward is in the heavy category and requires additional nursing staff. Transfered of some nursing activities to other professionals according to their duties and positions can reduce the workload of nurses. Hoppely that this research can be a consideration indetermining the method of calculating the needs of nurses in the Inpatient Installation, Hospital of Badan Pengusahaan Batam
Nurses, as human resources for health also contribute greatly to the health servicesin hospitals and to provide services directly to patients. Nursing services atIntensive Care Unit has to be developed along with the technology development.Therefore, there is a need to concern the effieciency of nurses in term of quantityand competencies. This research discussed about the needs analysis nursing staffin the Intensive Care Unit of dr. Oen Solo Baru Hospital based on workload (usingtime and motion technique to 7 nurses then processed by Ilyas Methods) and workcompetencies based on Aditama 2007 and Ilyas (depth interview to threeinformants with a focus on job knowledge, skills and attitudes). Results of thisresearch show that productive time amounted to 81.56%, the lack of standards andcompetencies, and it need 51 nursesKey Words :Workloads , work competency , nurses, intensive care unit
Bisnis perumahsakitan mengalamj perubahan mendasar berkaitan dengan peningkatan daya saing rumah sakit dalam meraih pangsa pasar pada saat ini dan masa mendatang. Salah satu produk rumah sakit yang sangat berkembang sejak tahu 80-an adalah rawat jalan. Bedah rawat jalan (BRJ) merupakan bagian dari layanan rawat jalan yang saat ini merupakan Iayanan yang terus meningkat karena banyak memberikan keuntungan seperti biaya yang lebih murah, rendahnya tingkat infeksi, berkurangnya kecemasan pasien dan pasien merasa lebih nyaman. Di Amerika BRJ mencapai 70-75 % dari seluruh pembedahan. Di Indonesia BRJ teiah dilakukan diberbagai rumah sakit tetapi umumnya belum menjadi Iayanan yang terencana baik, hanya merupakan pelayanan baru atau tarnbahan yang diadakan karena adanya kebutuhan dari masyarakat dan belum ada pelaporan tersendiri untuk pelayanan ini. Melihat potensi layanan ini di masa mendatang dan untuk mengetahui bagaimana sebaiknya pelayanan ini diberikan dilakukan penelitian di RS Haji Jakarla mengingat angka pelayanan BRJ masih rendah dan untuk mendapatkan gambaran kesiapan rumah sakit terutama kamar bedah dalam melaksanakan BRJ. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui dukungan manajemen, kesiapan SDM baik dokter maupun perawat, dan kesiapan fasilitas untuk mendukung pelayanan BRJ. Juga dinilai kesiapan kamar bedah melaksanakan pelayanan ini dibandingkan standar yang ada. Peneiitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Informasi yang didapat berupa data primer melalui wawancara mendaiam dan observasi dan data sekunder melalui telaah dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kamar bedah secara umum telah siap melakukan pelayanan BRJ., tetapi dukungan manajemen masih belum maksimal. Dari segi SDM baik perawat dan dokter siap melakukan pelayanan BRJ. Dari fasilitas dan layanan pendukung layak melakukan BRJ. Saran kepada manajemen adalah selain BRJ dicantunkan dalam rencana strategis berikutnya, harus dibuat konsep dan disain BRJ yang biak dan dijabarkan dalam pelaksanaan strategi serta ada evaluasi untuk tindakan koreksi.
The hospital businesses are having a basic changes linked by the increased hospital competition abilities in reaching the market-section nowadays and future. One of the Hospitals products which is very popular since 80's is the ambulatory care. Ambulatory surgery is a part of the ambulatory care programs which is popular because it gives a lot of benefits to the hospital and the patients, such as cheaper , low-infection level, less of anxiety and the patients feels more comfortable. In United State ambulatory surgery achievement till 70-75 % from whole surgery. ln Indonesia ambulatory surgery have done by various hospital but generally the care not to be good planned, only the new care because the people need the service and not yet different report for the care. Observe the potential this care for future and how the good standar for this practice, had done study at Haji Hospital Jakarta keep in mind ambulatory surgery achievement still low and for observe readiness operathing theater bring about the ambulatory surgery. The aim of the study is to find out management support, human resources readiness whether nurse or doctor, and facility readiness to support the ambulatory surgery. Operating theater readiness also to be compare with available standard. The study using a qualitative approach, and the information obtained are a primary data from in-depth interview and observation, and secondary data from documents review. The study found that generally operating theater ready for servicing ambulatory surgery, but management support not yet maximum. From human resources whether nurse or doctor is ready to serve. From facility and service support good too. Suggestion for management is ambulatory surgery persisten included in the strategic planning furthermore and must be made ambulatory surgery concept and design and conversion to the realize strategi and evaluation have to made for corrective action.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observational descriptive denganmenggunakan metode quantitative dan wawancara mendalam. Pengumpulan datasecara quantitative dilakukan dengan cara observasi, yang dilakukan dengan pendekatanwork sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui pengamatan terhadap kegiatanyang dilakukan perawat di instalasi rawat inap Rumah Sakit FMC. Samplepenelitiannya adalah seluruh perawat (27 perawat) di instalasi rawat inap. Data dianalisamenggunakan formula Gillies, PPNI, Ilyas dan Douglas.
Hasil: analisa ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan waktu produktif terhadap totalwaktu kerja kerja selama observasi 7 hari sebesar 64,87%. 28,11% digunakan untukaktifitas keperawatan langsung dan 36,11% digunakan untuk aktifitas keperawatan tidaklangsung. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan waktu produktif oleh perawat masihrendah. Berdasarkan penggunaan waktu produktif yang dianalisa menggunakan formulaGillies, PPNI, Ilyas dan Douglas rata-rata tenaga keperawatan yang dibutuhkan adalah22 perawat.
Kesimpulan: Jumlah optimal kebutuhan tenaga perawat yang dibutuhkan di instalasirawat inap Rumah Sakit FMC sebanyak 22 orang perawat. Hal ini menunjukkan adanyakelebihan jumlah perawat di instalasi rawat nap Rumah Sakit FMC sebanyak 5 orangperawat.
Kata kunci: beban kerja, work sampling, perawat
Background: Professional management is needed to determine the type as well as thequality of the human resources to assure the quality productive hospital services.Nurses, as one kind of the resources in hospital, act as a frontline service that should beplanned. This study aimed at finding out of workload and the optimal number ofnurses in the inpatient instalasi at FMC hospital 2018.
Method: This research is a descriptive observational study using quantitative methodand deep interview. Quantitative data collection observation was done by using worksampling approach. Data were collect through observation of nurses activities atinpatient instalasi at FMC hospital will be observed for seven days. Samples were allnurses (27 nurses) at inpatient instalasi. The data were analyzed using Gillies,Indonesian nurses association, Ilyas and Douglas formulas.
Results: The analysis showed that using the total productive activities time wereobserved for seven days at 64,87%. 28,76% is used for direct nursing activities and36,11% is used for indirect nursing activities, it was conclude that the productive timeuse of the nurses still very low. Based on the productive working hours that analyzedusing Gillies, Indonesian Nursse Association, Ilyas and Duoglas formulas, average onlytwenty two nurses needed.
Conclusion: The optimal number of nurses needed in the inpatient instalasi at FMChospital is twenty two nurses. This means that there are an excessive number of nursesas five nurses.
Keywords: workload, work sampling , nurses.
Keberhasilan kualitas pelayanan keperawatan sangat berhubungan dengan terpenuhi atau tidaknya rangkaian kegiatan pelayanan keperawatan yang merupakan beban kerja perawat. Beban kerja perawat tersebut adalah jumlah seluruh kegiatan yang dilaksanakan perawat dalam waktu dan satuan hasil. Tesis ini bertujuan menganalisis beban kerja untuk menentukan kebutuhan tenaga perawat dan mendapatkan gambaran strategi bagi manajemen dalam memenuhi kesenjangan beban kerja yang ada di Rumah Sakit Tugu Ibu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif secara cross-sectional pada perawat ruang rawat inap kelas III Flamboyan. Observasi kegiatan perawat dilakukan dengan metode work sampling dan kebutuhan tenaga perawat dihitung dengan menggunakan metode Workload Indicators Of Staffing Need (WISN).
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui kegiatan produktif langsung perawat adalah sebesar 29,34% dan kegiatan produktif tidak langsung perawat mencapai 54,86%. Perhitungan kebutuhan tenaga perawat berdasarkan beban kerja diperoleh 24,43 tenaga perawat dengan rasio WISN 0,82. Hasil penelitian menyarankan bagi manajemen Rumah Sakit Tugu Ibu untuk mempertimbangkan beban kerja perawat sebagai acuan dalam menentukan kebutuhan tenaga perawat dan diperlukan evaluasi terhadap uraian tugas perawat agar waktu kerja yang ada lebih efektif pemanfaatannya sesuai dengan fungsi utama perawat.
The success of nursing service quality has high correlation with the adequacy of nursing service activities which is the nurse workload. The nurse workload is the total of all conducted activities in certain time with the result as unit of measure. This thesis is aimed to analyse the workload to determine the needs of nursing staff and to obtain the strategy which is required by the management to fulfill the workload gaps at Tugu Ibu Hospital. The research method used was cross-sectional quantitative to the nurses at Class III Flamboyan Ward. Observation of the nurses activities were done by work sampling method and the needs to nursing staff was calculated with Workload Indicators Of Staffing Need (WISN) method.
Based on the research, it was known that the nurses direct productive activities is 29,34% and nurses indirect productive activities is as high as 54,86%. Calculation of the needs on nursing staff based on workload resulted of 24,34 nurses with WISN ration of 0,82. From the research, it is recommended that TuguIbu Hospital management to consider nurse workload as reference in determining the needs of nursing staff, and evaluation is needed to the nurse job description, to be effective in time management according to the main function of a nurse.
