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Anemia remains public health issue that needs attention. Adolescent girls are thevulnerable group. Besides in their growth period condition, also the risk of theirmenstruation. Though adolescent girls are mother candidates, early efforts of nutritionalintervention should be implemented. Iron supplementation program is done to preventand cope with anemia and increase iron status of adolescent girls, although not alwayswork due to various factors. The objective of this study was to prove teacher support asthe dominant factor associated with hemoglobin level changes of adolescent girls in thisprogram. This research was conducted with cross-sectional design in two junior highschools beneficiaries program in Bekasi City with 175 adolescent girls subject. Thechanges of hemoglobin data was obtained from the difference of hemoglobin levelbefore and after measurement by giving iron supplementation for 10 weeks, which weresecondary data (ethics approved). Other data such as school support, characteristics ofadolescent girls, consumption patterns and characteristics of mothers were obtainedthrough interviewing based on questionnaire. The results of the study was Ironsupplementation effectively increased hemoglobin levels of adolescent girls (p = 0.005).Multiple linear regression analysis found that teacher support was the dominant factorassociated with changes in hemoglobin levels. This proves that completion of specificnutritional interventions requires sensitive efforts from the non-health sector. It issuggested to increase cross-sector collaboration in health program implementationespecially school-based Iron supplementation program.Keywords: anemia, adolescent girls, school-based iron supplementation, teacher,hemoglobin.
Balita gizi kurang merupakan keadaan gizi pada balita dengan berat badan menurut tinggi badan atau berat badan menurut panjang badan pada Z-score -3 SD sampai dengan <-2 SD atau lingkar lengan atas (LiLA) 11,5 cm sampai dengan <12,5 cm. Pada tahun 2021, prevalensi wasting di Provinsi Banten melebihi angka nasional yaitu sebesar 7,9%. Bahkan di Kota Serang jauh lebih tinggi sebesar 11,4%. Sedangkan Kecamatan Serang merupakan penyumbang prevalensi gizi kurang tertinggi di Kota Serang dengan angka 30,71%. Tata laksana balita gizi kurang yang menjadi program Kementerian Kesehatan dengan memberikan makanan tambahan berbahan pangan lokal yang dilaksanakan salah satunya di Kecamatan Serang, Kota Serang. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan peningkatan status gizi pada balita gizi kurang usia 12-59 bulan dalam program pemberian makanan tambahan berbahan pangan lokal di Kecamatan Serang tahun 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross sectional dengan sampel balita gizi kurang usia 12-59 bulan berjumlah 130 balita yang telah mengikuti program pemberian makanan tambahan berbahan pangan lokal di Kecamatan Serang tahun 2022. Variabel independen meliputi faktor balita (usia, jenis kelamin, ASI eksklusif, PMT berbahan pangan lokal, konsumsi energi, konsumsi protein, konsumsi protein hewani, konsumsi protein nabati, penyakit infeksi dan imunisasi) dan faktor orang tua (pendidikan ibu dan pendapatan). Uji statistik yang digunakan pada uji bivariat menggunakan chi square dan uji multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik ganda model determinan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat balita yang status gizinya naik sebanyak 56,2%. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pemberian makanan tambahan berbahan pangan lokal (p-value = 0,012), konsumsi energi (p-value = 0,001), penyakit infeksi (p-value = 0,020) dan pendapatan (p-value = 0,003). Analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan peningkatan status gizi adalah konsumsi energi (OR = 3,600). Balita dengan konsumsi energi kurang berisiko 3,6 kali lebih tinggi status gizinya tidak naik dibandingkan balita yang mengonsumsi cukup energi setelah dikontrol oleh variabel PMT berbahan pangan lokal, konsumsi protein, konsumsi protein hewani, penyakit infeksi, imunisasi dan pendapatan. Perlunya perbaikan pola pemberian makan dan asupan makanan yang baik dalam jumlah dan kualitasnya untuk menunjang tumbuh kembang balita dan meningkatkan kewaspadaan jika terjadi masalah gizi pada balita.
Wasted is a nutritional condition in children under five with weight for height Z-score or weight for length Z-score of -3 SD to <-2 SD or upper arm circumference of 11.5 cm to <12.5 cm. In 2021, the prevalence of wasting in Banten Province exceeded the national rate at 7.9%. In Serang City, it was even higher at 11.4%. Meanwhile, Serang sub-district contributed the highest prevalence of wasted in Serang city with 30.71%. The management of wasted children, which is a program of the Ministry of Health by local food-based supplementary feeding program is implemented one of them in Serang District, Serang City. The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with improving nutritional status in underweight children aged 12-59 months in the local food-based supplementary feeding program in Serang District in 2022. This study used a cross sectional study design with a sample of wasted children aged 12-59 months totaling 130 children who had participated in the local food-based supplementary feeding program in Serang District in 2022. Independent variables included children factors (age, sex, exclusive breastfeeding, local food-based supplementary feeding program, energy consumption, protein consumption, animal protein consumption, vegetable protein consumption, infectious diseases and immunization) and parental factors (maternal education and income). Statistical tests used in bivariate tests using chi square and multivariate tests using multiple logistic regression determinant models. The results showed that there were children whose nutritional status improved by 56.2%. There was a significant relationship between local food-based supplementary feeding program (p-value = 0.012), energy consumption (p-value = 0.001), infectious diseases (p-value = 0.020) and income (p-value = 0.003). Multivariate analysis showed that the dominant factor associated with improved nutritional status was energy consumption (OR = 3.600). Children with insufficient energy consumption had a 3.6 times higher risk of not improving their nutritional status compared to children who consumed enough energy after controlling for the variables of local food-based supplementary feeding program, protein consumption, animal protein consumption, infectious diseases, immunization and income. It is necessary to improve feeding patterns and food intake both in quantity and quality to support the growth and development of children and increase vigilance in the event of nutritional problems in children under five.
