Abstrak:

Abstrak

Keselamatan pasien menjadi penting karena masih tingginya angka KTD di rumah sakit secara global maupun nasional. Di RSUD Sele Be Solu pada tahun 2011,dari 1.560 pasien rawat inap penyakit dalam yang dilakukan pemasangan infus sebanyak 1,9% mengalami phlebitis. Di ruang rawat inap anak RSUD Sele Be solu, kejadian phlebitis setelah pemasangan infus kurang dari 3 hari ditemukan sebanyak 8 pasien (20%) dari 40 pasien anak dan ada 11 pasien (61,1%) dari 18 pasien anak setelah lebih dari 3 hari pemasangan infus. Selama ini belum pernah dilakukan penilaian budaya keselamatan pasien di Rumah sakit Sele Be Solu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan frekuensi pelaporan KTD dengan budaya keselamatan pasien oleh perawat di RSUD Sele Be Solu. Metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional, populasi adalah seluruh perawat di instalasi rawat inap sebanyak 110 orang. Pengumpulan data dengan menyebarkan kuesioner.

Hasil penelitian ada hubungan antara frekuensi pelaporan KTD dengan feedback dan komunikasi terhadap kesalahan, (p value = 0,018) besarnya hubungan dua kali lebih besar dibandingkan dengan kerjasaman dalam unit. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah masih rendahnya tingkat pelaporan KTD di RSUD Sele Be Solu Kota Sorong. Saran kepada pihak manajemen agar segera membentuk komite keselamatan pasien di rumah sakit dan menerapkan standar keselamatan pasien sesegera mungkin/

Patient safety become an important issue because adverse events are still in a high level at hospital globally and nationally. In 2011, at Interna ward of Sele Be Solu Sorong hospital, from 1.560 patients which had i.v line attached by nurses, 1,9% patients were had phlebitis. While at the pediatric ward, phlebitis events after i.v line was attached less than three days, 8 patients was found (20%) from 40 patients, and there were 11 patients (61,1%) from 18 children after 3 days of i.v line was attached. The patient safety culture in Sele Be Solu hospital was never been assessed. The purpose is to discover the relationship between adverse events frequency report and patient safety culture by nurses at Sele Be Solu hospital. Quantitative method was used in this study with cross sectional approached, population were all nurses at inward installation, which are 110 people. Data was gathered with questionnaire which had filled by nurses.

The result is there are relationship between adverse events report frequency activity with feedback and communication to the false (p value=0,018) and the relationship are double amounts higher than teamwork in the unit. Conclusion is the report activity of adverse event at Sele Be Solu hospital Sorong is low. Suggest to the hospital management is to form patient safety committee at hospital and set the patient safety standard procedure immediately.

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh lama pemberian antiretroviral (ARV)setelah Obat Anti Tuberkulosis (OAT) dimulai terhadap kegagalan perbaikan CD4pasien ko-infeksi TB-HIV. Penelitian dilakukan pada mei-juni 2016 di Rumah SakitPenyakit Infeksi (RSPI) Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso. Design penelitian yangdigunakan adalah kohort restrospektif dengan follow-up selama satu setengahtahun. Populasi studi adalah pasien Ko-infeksi TB-HIV yang naive ART dantercatat pada rekam medis periode Januari 2010 - November 2014. Kriteria inklusisampel adalah pasien usia ≥15 tahun, mendapat OAT minimal 2 minggu sebelumART dimulai, dan memiliki data hasil pemeriksaan CD4 sebanyak dua kali dengantotal sampel adalah 164 orang. Probabilias kumulatif kegagalan perbaikan CD4pasien ko-infeksi TB-HIV sebesar 14,43%. Hazard rate kegagalan perbaikan CD4pada pasien yang memulai terapi ARV 2-8 minggu setelah OAT dibandingkandengan yang menunda terapi ARV 8 minggu setelah OAT masing-masing 767 per10.000 orang tahun dan 447 per 10.000 orang tahun (p=0,266). Analisis multivariatdengan menggunakan uji cox regresi time independen menunujukkan ratekegagalan perbaikan CD4 pada pasien yang memulai ART >8 minggu setelah OATlebih rendah dibandingkan pasien yang memulai ART pada 2-8 minggu setelahOAT (Adjusted HR=0,502 ; 0,196-1,287 ; p value=0,151) setelah dikontrol olehjenis regimen ARV dan klasifikasi pengobatan TB.Kata kunci: Ko-infeksi TB-HIV, Terapi Antiretroviral, Kegagalan perbaikan CD4

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This study was aim to assess the effect of time to Antiretroviral Treatment (ART) onCD4 response failure in TB-HIV coinfection patients. This study was conductedfrom May to June 2016 at Infectious Disease Hospital Sulianti Saroso. This studyused cohort restrospective design with one and half year time to follow up. Studypopulation were TB-HIV coinfected patients, noted as a naive ART patient inmedical records from january 2010-november 2014. A total 164 patients ≥ 15 yearsold, had Anti Tuberculosis Treatment (ATT) 2 weeks before ART and had minimum2 CD4 sell count laboratorium test results. The cumulative probability of CD4response failure among TB-HIV co-infected patients was 14,43%. Hazard rate ofCD4 response failure was 767 per 10.000 person year in early ART (2-8 weeks afterATT) versus 474 per 10.000 person year in delayed ART (8 weeks after ATT) arm(p=0,266). In multivariate analysis using time independent cox regression test, rateof CD4 responses failure was lower in patients with delayed ART until 8 weeks afterATT than early ART 2-8 weeks after ATT. (Adjusted HR=0,502 ; 0,196-1,287 ; Pvalue=0,151) controlled by types of ARV regiments and classification of TB cure.Keywords: TB-HIV Co-infection, Antiretroviral treatment, CD4 response failure