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ABSTRAK
Stunting atau perawakan pendek pada anak merupakan suatu ?tragedi yang tersembunyi? dan dampaknya menyebabkan gangguan pada pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak yang irreversibel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor dominan kejadian stunting pada balita usia 24 ? 59 bulan di Kelurahan Harapan Mulya Kota Bekasi tahun 2013. Disain penelitian adalah cross sectional dan melibatkan 143 sampel yang diambil dengan sampel acak sederhana. Status stunting dinilai berdasarkan Z-score TB/U menurut klasifikasi WHO. Pengukuran tinggi badan menggunakan microtoice, berat badan menggunakan timbangan digital, asupan makanan (energi, protein, vitamin A, zink) menggunakan FFQ semikuantitatif. ASI, berat lahir, penyakit infeksi, pendidikan ayah dan ibu, status ekonomi didapatkan melalui wawancara.
Hasil analisis menunjukkan sebanyak 32,9% balita usia 24-59 bulan tergolong stunting. Uji chi-square menunjukkan berat lahir, asupan energi dan protein, asupan zink, pendidikan ayah dan status ekonomi berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian stunting. Analisis regresi logistik menghasilkan berat lahir sebagai faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting setelah dikontrol pendidikan ayah dan asupan energi (p=0,003;OR=6,663;CI=1,87? 23,5). Untuk mencegah kejadian stunting pada balita, disarankan pemeriksaan kehamilan yang teratur, memberikan makanan bergizi seimbang untuk balita sesuai AKG yang dianjurkan, mempersiapkan status kesehatan dan gizi yang baik untuk remaja perempuan sebelum kehamilan.
ABSTRACT
Stunting or short stature is a ?hidden tragedy? and its impact causes disorder to a irreversible child?s development. The aim of this study were to determine the dominant factor of stunting among children aged 24-59 months at Harapan Mulya sub-district in Bekasi city 2013. Design was a cross sectional study on 143 children whom chosen by simple random sampling. Status of stunting were expressed by height for age z-score (HAZ) according to the WHO classification. Children?s height were measured using microtoise, body weight was measured with digital scales, nutrients intake (energy, protein, vitamin A and zink) were collected throught semiquantitative FFQ. Breastfeeding, birthweight, infection disease, education of father and mother and economic status were collected through interview.
The analysis result showed 32,9% children aged 24-59 months were stunting. Chi-square test showed birthweight , energy and protein intake, zinc intake, father education and economic status were significant correlate with stunting. Logistic regression analysis showed birthweight variable as a dominant factor which related to stunting after being controlled by father education and energy input (p=0,003;OR=6,663;CI=1,8723,5). Suggestion for deterrence of stunting is the regular pregnancy inspection, giving nutritious wellbalanced under five years food input as according to AKG suggested, preparing good nutrient and health status for woman adolescent before pregnancy.
Birthweight is an important indicator for the health of newborns, because it reflects the nutritional and metabolic conditions of the mother, as well as the development of the fetus during pregnancy. Babies born with low birth weight have short-term and long-term health consequences. Cut off LBW 2500 grams related to infant morbidity and mortality. However, recent studies have shown that babies born weighing
UNICEF data shows that the prevalence of Low Birth Weight (LBW) in Indonesia has not decreased significantly for a decade and a half [2000 (11.2%) ? 2015 (10%)]. Indonesia is ranked ninth in the world with the highest incidence of LBW. Then, babies born weighing <2500 grams (LBW) are at higher risk of premature death, stunted growth and development, low IQ, and non-communicable diseases. One of the causes of LBW is anemia where iron deficiency is known to be a risk factor. Iron deficiency in pregnant women can be avoided by taking blood-added tablets (TTD) as long as recommended (≥90 tablets). However, pregnant women in Indonesia who consume iron tablets as recommended are still low (38%). Therefore, this study aims to determine the relationship between maternal consumption of iron tablets during pregnancy and low birth weight. The study design used was cross-sectional by analyzing the 2018 Basic Health Research data. Chi-square analysis was used to determine the relationship between exposure (TTD consumption) and outcome (LBW) as well as other variables included in this study. TTD consumption as a determinant and other independent variables are pregnancy complications, gestational age, parity, history of hypertension, desire to have children, gestational age at K1, frequency of ANC, maternal age at pregnancy, education level, employment status, area of residence, and smoking habits. There is a significant relationship between maternal TTD consumption during pregnancy and the incidence of LBW. Mothers who did not take TTD at least 90 tablets had a 1.12 times greater risk of giving birth to LBW (95% CI: 1.02-1.2). Other factors that were significantly associated with LBW were pregnancy complications, gestational age, parity, history of hypertension, desire to have children, frequency of antenatal care, maternal age, maternal education level, employment status, area of residence, and smoking habits. It is expected that during pregnancy the mother routinely consumes 1 tablet of TTD every day at least 90 tablets, and routinely conducts pregnancy checks to unite the growth and development of the baby to prevent the incidence of LBW.
Introduction. Indonesia is a country that still many health services located inperipheral areas with minimal facilities and rarely have experts to predict the weightof the baby at birth.Methods. This study using cross sectional study design. The inclusion criteriamaternal last child, a baby was born alive, and a single baby, obtained a sample of23.689.Results. Variables are a risk factor for LBW is gestational age (POR 2,01), age(POR 1,28), parity (POR 1,56), maternal height (POR 1,48) and complications(POR 1,46). ROC analysis obtained an area under the curve to identify the LBW of0,602. Value cut-off point for scoring 4 prediction and sensitivity of 59,8%.Conclusion. Gestational age, age, parity, height, and complications are risk factorsand can be used to predict the baby to be born at risk of LBW.Keywords: birth weight babies, sensitivity, predictive.
