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Shift workers are part of critical workers at the RSG GAS Installation. The shift work system and complex work demands in nuclear installations cause shift workers to be prone to work fatigue. Work fatigue has contributed to decreased work performance, decreased concentration, decreased in procedure compliance, and reduced worker alertness. The impact of work fatigue must be able to be identified and controlled, especially in nuclear installations that have a large potential hazard. This study aims to evaluate the level of work fatigue of shift workers and analyze the risk factors that contribute to the work fatigue of shift workers at RSG-GAS in 2022. This research is a quantitative descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. The instruments used in this research are questionnaires, measuring tools for the environment, and interviews. The method of analysis in this research is descriptive and inferential analysis with a correlation test. The results showed that all shift workers experienced fatigue with mild fatigue level of 31,25%, moderate fatigue of 64,58%, and severe fatigue of 4,17%. The risk factors for work fatigue (total score) are nutritional status as measured by body mass index, sleep quality, workload and task design. The risk factors for general fatigue are body mass index, sleep quality, sleep quantity, caffeine consumption, workload, and task design. The risk factors for physical fatigue are age, sleep quality, sleep quantity, years of service, job role, workload, task design, and negative air pressure. The risk factor for reduced activity is job satisfaction. The risk factors for reduced motivation are sleep quality, sleep quantity, task design, and night shift. The risk factors for mental fatigue are sleep quality, workload, task design, lighting, and negative air pressure. Control recommendations involve management and shift worker by developing a work fatigue management program according to the conditions at the Nuclear Installation.
The focus of this thesis is safety climate on oil and gas industry worker, the objective is to analyze safety climate in oil & gas industry and compare it with construction industry. Data collection is performed using a survei method which sourced from journal (Sunindijo et al. 2019) and (Loosemore et al. 2019) which already used in other industry such as building, infrastructure, construction in Indonesia and Australia. Safety climate data is obtained through online survei. Survei performed to employees and partners in oil and gas industry, this study shows that there is a significant difference on some part of employees and partners, and between oil and gas worker and construction industry worker. We can conclude that safety climate in oil & gas industry is already good and in average has higher value than construction industry, where on the positif side oil & gas industry worker feels their work environment is safe to work ,but need some improvement in safety rules and procedures implementation at work.
This thesis discusses case studies of work accidents due to toxic gas in PT Freeport Indonesia's underground mine. This research is a descriptive design research and the analysis was carried out using the Human Factor Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) method. The results of the study found that there were 3 cases of accidents due to toxic gas in all PTFI underground mining blocks during the 2019-2022 period with risk factors originating from unsafe actions which were categorized in the Human Factor Analysis and Classification System (HFACS), which was divided into four, namely organizational influences, unsafe leadership, precondition for unsafe acts, and unsafe acts. In the study, the results of the failure of the defense system on organizational influence in cases of poison gas poisoning were dominated by the category of resource management totaling 7 failures (57%), contributing factors to the failure of the management system including SOP, safety sign, Planned Inspection, PJO, K3 Policy, Database incident management system and communication when submitting work instructions. . The level of Unsafe Supervision in cases of poison gas poisoning amounted to 11 failures (55%) with dominance by the Supervisory Violation category, contributing factors to management system failure including the Neil George Checklist, Bulkhead Ventilation, Re-entry Checklist, Airlock Door, Vent bag, Supervisor Inspection, Personal Protective Equipment, Supervision in the field, feasibility of the ventilation system at the work site, supervisor's observation of workers regarding the operation of portable gas detectors and work instructions. The level of Precondition for Unsafe Acts in cases of poison gas poisoning was dominated by the Personal Readiness category with 8 failures (38%), contributing factors to management system failure including blasting equipment, PDA, understanding of the language of instruction, emission test of heavy equipment, stop vent checklist and ventilation in the blasting area, ignoring the gas detector alarm. The level of Unsafe Acts in cases of poison gas poisoning amounted to 11 failures (46%) from the dominance of the Violation Routine category, contributing factors to management system failure including chemical handling, inadequate procedures, sign threshold values in one language, dumper vents blocked by mud and the vent bag is damaged, the fixed gas detector has not been calibrated and is covered in mud, inconsistent training evaluations are carried out, barricaded areas, do not follow the re-entry protocol. Companies are advised to evaluate the program for handling accidents caused by toxic gasses.
On 1 January 2014, a National Health Insurance program (Jaminan KesehatanNasional/JKN) was implemented in Indonesia, where the implementation wascarried out by the BPJS. RS AN Tangerang collaborated with BPJS since 2014,where since then the increase in hospital service visit productivity has soared.Increased visits are also found in Intensive Care where the supply of oxygen gas isan important requirement. The increase also increases the need for oxygenmedical gas. Changes in the pattern of costs for JKN services are paid for in thepackage payment concept, so that the supply of medical oxygen gas is one of thebig costs that need to be evaluated in its provision. There are several medicaloxygen gas preparations for hospital services. Among these choices are thepreparations that are cost-appropriate with the characteristics of the RS AN. Thisstudy aims to analyze the comparison of the cost of providing oxygen gas with gascylinders, gas vessels liquid (VGL) and oxygen liquid tanks in the provision ofmedical gas at RS AN Tangerang . The research design of this thesis isquantitative using a retrospective survey design with a comparative study among 3alternatives. Cost calculation is done using Activity Based Costing method whichis then continued with cost comparison analysis using the Cost MinimizationAnalysis method. From the results of the study, the procurement costs for eachmedical gas preparation were Rp. 10,316.00 / m³ for gas cylinder preparations,Rp. 6,173.00 / m³ for VGL preparations and Rp. 6,121.00 / m³ for liquid tankpreparations. These costs will differ depending on the amount of investment costs,the amount of utilization and location of infrastructure. The selection of a 6-tonliquid oxygen tank with a capacity of 4,620 m³ for the purposes of providingmedical gas in RS AN with 170 beds, 19 intensive rooms, with a BOR of 60-67%,medical oxygen consumption an average of 74,198 m³ per year, becoming the bestinvestment choice and cost savings when compared to gas cylinders and VGL.Keywords: Activity Based Costing; Cost Minimization Analysis; medical gas;oxygen; hospital; gas cylinders; oxygen liquid tank; VGL.
The transportation of fuel using the tank trucks haved consequences to thefires and explosions incident. This study is a quantitative modeling with input thesecondary data which applied in ALOHA (Areal Location of HazardousAtmosphere) software on one type of hydrocarbon that become Premiumcomponents, namely Pentane. The aims of this study was to determine theconsequences impact range of gas dispersion, fire and explosion due to tankleakage on fuel transportation using the tank truck in Surabaya and Jakarta. Theresults showed that the range and consequences of gas dispersion, fire, andexplosion for the three zones based on the level of concern of each scenario givedrisks to public safety, worker safety, environmental safety, andequipment/installation safety.Keywords: Gas dispersion, fire, explosion, Pentane, pool fire, BLEVE, VCE
Tesis ini pertama membahas dispersi gas, kebakaran dan ledakan akibat kebocoran tangki propana dan butana serta tabung LPG 3 kg. Bersifat kuantitatif. Disarankan pemilik tangki/penyalur LPG mengestimasikan jarak aman; membuat rencana tanggap darurat; mempersiapkan deteksi dini kebocoran dan maintenance. Pemerintah disarankan lebih teliti memberikan izin mendirikan tangki; melakukan pengawasan operasi tangki penyimpanan, terutama yang berlokasi di sekitar pemukiman penduduk.Kedua, keselamatan penyalur LPG 3 kg di Depok. Bersifat deskriptif. Disarankan penyalur LPG melakukan perbaikan secara bertahap, terutama pelatihan petugas; pemasangan lampu gas proof, alarm keadaan darurat dan gas detector; pembuatan OKD; penyediaan kotak P3K. Pemerintah disarankan mengawasi dan memfasilitasi kebutuhan penyalur.
ABSTRACT
This thesis firstly discuss the gas dispersion, fires, explosions caused by the propane and butane tank and LPG cylinder 3 kg leakage. Quantitatively. Tank owners/LPG distributors are suggested to estimate safe distance; create ERP; prepare for early leakage detection and maintenance. The Government are suggested more thoroughly give set-up tank permission; supervise storage tank operations, especially those located around settlements. Secondly, the safety of LPG 3 kg?sdistributor in Depok. Descriptively. Distributors are suggested to do improvements, especially training; gas proof lamps, emergency alarm and gas detector; emergency organization-making; first aid boxesprovision. The government are advised to oversees and facilitates the distributors?s needs;This thesis firstly discuss the gas dispersion, fires, explosions caused by the propane and butane tank and LPG cylinder 3 kg leakage. Quantitatively. Tank owners/LPG distributors are suggested to estimate safe distance; create ERP; prepare for early leakage detection and maintenance. The Government are suggested more thoroughly give set-up tank permission; supervise storage tank operations, especially those located around settlements. Secondly, the safety of LPG 3 kg?sdistributor in Depok. Descriptively. Distributors are suggested to do improvements, especially training; gas proof lamps, emergency alarm and gas detector; emergency organization-making; first aid boxesprovision. The government are advised to oversees and facilitates the distributors?s needs, This thesis firstly discuss the gas dispersion, fires, explosions caused by the propane and butane tank and LPG cylinder 3 kg leakage. Quantitatively. Tank owners/LPG distributors are suggested to estimate safe distance; create ERP; prepare for early leakage detection and maintenance. The Government are suggested more thoroughly give set-up tank permission; supervise storage tank operations, especially those located around settlements. Secondly, the safety of LPG 3 kg’sdistributor in Depok. Descriptively. Distributors are suggested to do improvements, especially training; gas proof lamps, emergency alarm and gas detector; emergency organization-making; first aid boxesprovision. The government are advised to oversees and facilitates the distributors’s needs]
Hydrogen sulfide is a toxic gas that is contained on the installation of associated gas production of an oil and gas exploration industry. This thesis is adescriptive study with a semi-quantitative approach using secondary data from thecompany, literature and field observations. Then, these data are analyzed using thesoftware Areal Location of Hazardous Atmosphere (ALOHA). The purpose ofthis study was to determine the consequences that occur based on the range of gasdispersion, and population at risk to exposed of leakage scenarios that have beendesigned at the associated gas production installations.The results of this study found that the worst case scenario (uncontrolledrupture) in a 10 inches gas pipeline has the most extensive gas dispersion. Withinan hour, the farthest H2S gas dispersion with AEGL-1 0.51 ppm (60 min) reached3.6 km with a population at risk include people living in the surrounding area ofproduction station. Moreover, other results from this study were the level ofknowledge from population at risk about the dangers from gas leaks and gas leakssafety systems overview that available in PT.X.Keywords : Consequences analysis, Toxic gas dispersion, ALOHA, Associatedgas, Hidrogen Sulfida (H2S), Population at risk
