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Widely use of ARV as treatment in people living with HIV has giving better life expectancy. Weconducted a retrospective cohort study to analyze 3 years survival time and associated factors among480 patients with HIV/AIDS who received ARV in 8 Public Health Center at West Jakarta. KaplanMeier and Cox Proportion hazard regression were used to calculate the survival time and itsassociated factors, respectively. The cumulative survival rates of those receiving ARV in 1,2 and 3years were 95,2%, 91,7% and 78,3%. Multivariate Cox Regression analysis showed that patients withTB-coinfection were at a higher risk of death from AIDS-related diseases (HR = 2,621; 95%CI:1,027-6,407, nilai P = 0,035) than patients without TB-coinfection. Patients with ARV adherence<95% were at a higher risk of death from AIDS-related diseases (HR = 9,298; 95%CI: 4,633-18,660,nilai P = 0,000) than patients with adherence ≥95%.Key words:HIV, ARV, survival.
Treatment default is a serious problem in tuberculosis control because itimplies resistance, increased relaps, failure, persistence of infectious source andfurther increased burden and transmission tuberculosis. Scoring system of defaultrisk factors to predict survival patients have been not studied yet, particularly inIndonesia. The aim of this study to determine the predictors scouring system ofsurvival defaulting treatment for tuberculosis patients.This retrospective cohort study was conducted from April to Mei 2013 atpoli DOTS RSUP Persahabatan. were identified from TB 01 forms and medicalrecords. Patients defaulting from treatment were considered as event and thosecure and completing treatment as censors. 370 tuberculosis patients wereincluded, 70 events and 300 censors. Overall patients survival rate was 81%.Survival defaulting associated significanly to sex, smear diagnosis and taking drugaccording to guideline with p value are 0,043, 0,008, 0,0001 respectively, found tobe risk factors for survival defaulting HR 1,7 (95%CI:1,02-2,99), HR 1,9;(95%CI:1,18-3.05), dan HR 32,7 (95%CI:14,78-72,18) respectively. IncreasingHR of taking drug according to guideline followed with increased alteration oftime observation. Scoring results are obtained predicting survival patientsdefaulting by 92%, and a cut-off point for the scoring model is ≥21.Communication, information and education must be increased das well asincreased internal and external hospital linkage to decrease default outcome.Keywords: tuberculosis, default, survival, scouring
ABSTRAK Nama : Megawati Program Studi : Epidemiologi Judul : Kesintasan Pasien Kanker Payudara Berdasarkan Keterlambatan Pengobatan di Rumah Sakit Umum Cipto Mangunkusumo Pembimbing : Prof. Dr. dr. Bambang Sutrisna, MHSc (Epidemiology) Abstrak Kanker payudara masih mendominasi penyakit kanker pada wanita di dunia termasuk di Indonesia. Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo sebagai rumah sakit rujukan nasional dengan jumlah kasus terus meningkat setiap tahunnya. Sebagian besar kasus ditemukan pada stadium lanjut dan mengalami keterlambatan pengobatan lebih dari 60 hari setelah didiagnosis. Keterlambatan pengobatan diduga berpengaruh terhadap kesintasan pasien kanker payudara. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menilai hubungan keterlambatan pengobatan dengan kesintasan pasien kanker payudara di RSCM. Desain studi penelitian adalah kohort retrospektif dengan mengamati 584 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Pengamatan dilakukan mulai dari 1 Januari 2011 sampai Desember 2017. Data dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat dengan uji logrank, dan multivariat dengan cox regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 584 pasien yang dianalisis ditemukan besarnya risiko terjadinya kematian sebesar 1,27 kali lebih cepat pada pasien yang mengalami keterlambatan pengobatan lebih dari 60 hari dibandingkan dengan pasien yang mendapatkan pengobatan kurang dari 60 hari (HR=1,27; 95%CI;0,99 – 1,64) setelah dikontrol stadium klinis, status pernikahan, dan status hormon reseptor estrogen. Perbedaan kesintasan antara pasien yang terlambat lebih dari 60 hari setelah didiagnosis adalah sebesar 7% pada tahun kelima. Berdasarkan penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa keterlambatan pengobatan lebih dari 60 hari setelah didiagnosis mempengaruhi kesintasan pasien kanker payudara sehingga pentingnya edukasi kepada pasien dan keluarga untuk tidak menunda pengobatan setelah didiagnosis. Kata kunci: keterlambatan pengobatan; kesintasan; kanker payudara
ABSTRACT Name : Megawati Study Program : Epidemiologi Title : Survival of Breast Cancer based on Delay treatment at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Counsellor : Prof. Dr. dr. Bambang Sutrisna, MHSc (Epidemiology) Breast cancer still dominates cancer in women in the world including in Indonesia. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital as a national referral hospital with the number of cases continues to increase every year. Most of the cases were found at an advanced stage and experienced treatment delays more than 60 days after diagnosis. Treatment delays are thought to affect the survival of breast cancer patients. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the relationship of delayed treatment with survival of breast cancer patients at RSCM. The study design was a retrospective cohort by observing 584 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Observations were done from 1 January 2011 to December 2017. Data were analyzed univariat, bivariate with logrank test, and multivariate with cox regression. The results of the study showed that the 584 patients analyzed found that the risk of death was 1.27 times faster in patients who experienced treatment delay more than 60 days compared with patients who received treatment less than 60 days (HR = 1.27; 95% CI; 0,99 - 1.92) after controlled marital status, hormone receptor estrogen, and clinical stage. The difference in survival between their patients who were late more than 60 days after the diagnosis was 7% in the fifth year. Based on this research, it can be concluded that the delay of treatment influences survival of breast cancer patients so that the importance of education to the patient and family to immediately perform treatment after diagnosis. Keywords : Delay treatment; Survival; Breast Cancer
Tujuan dan Metode. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan frekuensi merokok dengan lama waktu sampai mulai menyalahgunakan ganja. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 10.379 pelajar/mahasiswa perokok, dengan 708 penyalahguna ganja. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis kesintasan regresi Cox with time dependent covariats.
Hasil Penelitian. Berdasarkan frekuensi merokok, median waktu ketahanan dari mulai pertama kali merokok sampai menyalahgunakan ganja menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan antara kelompok merokok rutin dengan kelompok merokok tidak rutin, masing-masing 2 tahun. Hasil uji wilcoxon menyimpulkan ada perbedaan ketahanan menyalahgunakan ganja antara kelompok jarang merokok dengan kelompok perokok berfrekuensi <5 - >35 batang/minggu. Analisis multivariat menunjukkan pola semakin banyak jumlah batang rokok yang dikonsumsi, semakin besar nilai risiko untuk menyalahgunakan ganja setelah dikontrol oleh variabel confounder (riwayat minum alkohol, keluarga terpajan alkohol dan atau narkoba, pernah terpisah orangtua minimal enam bulan, dan pengaruh teman sebaya). Risiko untuk terjadinya penyalahgunaan ganja pada pelajar/mahasiswa yang merokok dengan frekuensi <5 - 7 batang/minggu adalah 2.5 lebih besar daripada pelajar/mahasiswa yang jarang merokok. Sedangkan risiko untuk terjadinya penyalahgunaan ganja pada pelajar/mahasiswa yang merokok dengan frekuensi >7 - 35 batang/minggu adalah 4.0 kali lebih cepat daripada pelajar/mahasiswa yang jarang merokok. Sementara, risiko untuk terjadinya penyalahgunaan ganja pada pelajar/mahasiswa yang merokok dengan frekuensi >35 batang/minggu adalah 4.5 kali lebih cepat daripada pelajar/mahasiswa yang jarang merokok.
Kesimpulan. Frekuensi merokok mempengaruhi besarnya risiko untuk menyalahgunakan ganja. Semakin banyak jumlah batang rokok yang dikonsumsi, semakin besar risiko untuk menyalahgunakan ganja.
Objective. The purpose of this study was to know the relationship between cigarette smoking frequency with long time to start cannabis use. A sample of 10.379 student smokers, with 708 cannabis users was used. Cox regression with time dependent covariats was analyzed as study method.
Results. Based on the frequency of cigarette smoking, the median of survival time from initial smoking to cannabis use showed no difference among regular smoking group with non regular smoking group, each 2 years. Wilcoxon test result concluded that there were difference of survival cannabis use between non regular smoking group with smokers groups which regular cigarette smoking <5 - >35 cigarette/week. Multivariate analysis showed patterns that the more the number of cigarettes consumed, the greater risk to cannabis use, after controlled by the confounder variables (history of alcohol drinking, family exposed to alcohol and or drugs, separated parents at least six months, and the influence of peers). Risk to cannabis use among students who cigarette smokers <5 ? 7 cigarette/week was 2.5 greater than students who non regular smoking. Risk to cannabis use among students who cigarette smokers <7 ? 35 cigarette/week was 4.0 greater than students who non regular smoking. Risk to cannabis use among students who cigarette smokers <35 cigarette/week was 4.5 greater than students who non regular smoking.
Conclusion. Frequency of smoking influences the risk of cannabis use. The more the number of cigarette consumed, the greater risk to cannabis use.
The number of new HIV infections in Indonesia is still high, reaching 46,000 and number of deaths caused by HIV is 38,000 in 2018. Hepatitis C coinfection in HIV patients is high, ranging from 2-15%. This study aims to examine the effect of hepatitis C coinfection on survival of HIV patients receiving antiretroviral therapy at Tebet Regional Public Hospital (RSUD) in 2015-2020. This research used retrospectif cohort design with survival analysis and used total sampling as much as 284 HIV patients. Data were analyzed univariately to see the frequency distribution of each variable studied. Bivariate analysis was performed to see the relationship of each independent variable with the survival of HIV. Multivariate analysis was performed to obtain robust and parsimonius models with Cox Regression. The results of research found cumulatif survival of HIV patients in RSUD Tebet were 85,4 %. The Effect of Hepatitis C Coinfection on Survival HIV Patients Who Receive Antiretroviral Therapy in RSUD Tebet from 2015 until 2020 had HR 1,94 (95% CI 0,81-4,6) after adjusted with body mass index and working status. There were no corelation from Hepatitis C Coinfection on Survival HIV Patients Who Receive Antiretroviral Therapy in RSUD Tebet from 2015 until 2020.
