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Rumah sakit memberikan pelayanan jasa kesehatan memiliki peranan penting dan strategis dalam mempercepat peningkatan derajat kesehatan masyarakat. Dampak negatif dari kegiatan pelayanan rumah sakit adalah menghasilkan limbah. Untuk dapat menerapkan pengelolaan dan monitoring limbah secara komprehensif dan tepat guna, salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah melalui pendekatan manajemen risiko yang diawali dengan identifikasi dan analisis risiko. Untuk mengetahui seberapa besar risiko yang terjadi pada pengelolaan limbah medis tajam, penulis mencoba untuk menganalisis tingkat risiko pada pengelolaan limbah medis tajam di Rumah Sakit TNI AL Dr. Mintohardjo. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan alat medis tajam yang paling banyak digunakan adalah spuit 62 %, sedangkan tingkat risiko pada pengelolaan limbah medis tajam berada pada level priority 3 – priority 1. Kata Kunci : Penilaian risiko, limbah medis, limbah medis tajam.
The hospital provides health services which have an important and strategic role in accelerating the improvement of public health level. The negative impact of the activities of hospital services is hazardous waste. To be able to implement management and monitoring of waste in a comprehensive and appropriate, an effort that can be done is through risk management approach that begins with the identification and risk analysis. To find out how big the risk that occurs in sharp medical waste management, the author tries to analyze the level of risk in sharp medical waste management at the Navy Hospital Dr. Mintohardjo. The results showed a sharp medical instrument is the most widely used syringes 62%, while the level of risk at the sharp medical waste management at the level of priority 3 - priority 1. Key words : Risk analysis, medical waste, sharps medical waste.
Kata Kunci : Limbah Medis Padat, Rumah Sakit Haji
Hospital services produce solid medical waste that must be managed properly and comprehensively since the waste is produced until it is managed in a landfill. Based on the observation, there is still a janitor at Haji Hospital Jakarta who punctured needle while doing medical waste treatment which mean waste management still not optimal done and have potential to cause health impact for officer and environment. This research discusses solid waste medical management system based on regulation of Ministry of Health No. 1204 2004. The research method used qualitative approach with case study design. A qualitative approach was undertaken to analyze the medical waste management system at Haji Jakarta Hospital consisting of inputs, processes, outputs and recommendations.The results showed that in the input factor of medical waste production is large amounted to 128 kg/day. In process factors starting from containers, mixed between medical and non-medical waste and sharp objects (syringes), transportation has not been using special trolly and medical waste storage has not been eligible according to regulation of Ministry of Health No. 1204 2004. Therefore, the sorting of medical waste starting from the source, the behavior of the officer and the provision of medical waste becomes the determining factor in the management of medical waste, so that it is expected that the impact of occupational accident risk and the surrounding environment can be reduced and avoided (zero accident).
Keywords : Solid Medical Waste, Haji Hospital
Rumah sakit sebagai fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan menghasilkan limbah medis dan non-medis. Data menunjukkan limbah medis/B3 bersifat infeksius dan toksik, berisiko tinggi jika tidak dikelola dengan baik. Di Indonesia, banyak fasilitas kesehatan masih belum sepenuhnya sesuai standar pengelolaan limbah medis. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengelolaan limbah medis padat di Rumah Sakit Pendidikan Kota Depok, Jawa Barat, menggunakan desain studi kasus melalui observasi, wawancara, dan analisis dokumen.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rumah sakit menghasilkan total 138.370,3 kg limbah medis padat B3 pada tahun 2024. Secara keseluruhan, tingkat kesesuaian implementasi mencapai 72,2% ("Sesuai Sebagian"). Namun, kesenjangan masih ditemukan pada pemilahan di sumber (33,3%) dan pewadahan/pengumpulan (25%), seperti masih ditemukannya limbah medis tercampur limbah non-medis, yang dapat menyebabkan risiko luka tusuk jarum atau penyebaran infeksi nosokomial. Meskipun petugas memiliki pemahaman baik, penggunaan APD oleh semua petugas belum sepenuhnya konsisten. Tahap pengurangan, penyimpanan, pengangkutan internal, pengolahan, dan pemusnahan akhir menunjukkan kepatuhan tinggi (100%). Oleh karena itu, perbaikan berkelanjutan diperlukan, terutama pada tahapan hulu yang bergantung pada faktor manusia. Tenaga Kesehatan Lingkungan berperan penting dalam pengawasan, edukasi, dan pemutusan rantai penularan untuk menjaga keselamatan petugas, pasien, dan pengunjung. Penelitian ini berkontribusi untuk mengoptimalkan sistem pengelolaan limbah medis di rumah sakit pendidikan.
Hospitals, as healthcare service facilities, generate both medical and non-medical waste. Data show that medical waste, classified as hazardous (B3), is infectious and toxic, posing a high risk if not properly managed. In Indonesia, many healthcare facilities still do not fully comply with medical waste management standards. This study aims to evaluate the solid medical waste management system at a Teaching Hospital in Depok, West Java, using a case study design through observation, interviews, and document analysis. The findings indicate that the hospital produced a total of 138,370.3 kg of B3 solid medical waste in 2024. Overall, the compliance level of implementation reached 72.2% (“Partially Compliant”). However, gaps were still identified in segregation at source (33.3%) and in containment/collection (25%), such as the mixing of medical and non-medical waste, which can lead to risks like needlestick injuries or the spread of nosocomial infections. Although staff demonstrated a good understanding of procedures, the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) among all workers was not fully consistent. The stages of waste reduction, temporary storage, internal transport, treatment, and final disposal showed high compliance (100%). Therefore, continuous improvement is needed, particularly in the upstream stages that depend on human factors. Environmental Health personnel play a crucial role in supervision, education, and breaking the chain of transmission to ensure the safety of healthcare workers, patients, and visitors. This study contributes to strengthening medical waste governance in teaching hospitals.
