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Hipertensi dan prehipertensi merupakan bagian dari spektrum penyakit kardiovaskular yang kini mulai banyak ditemukan pada kelompok usia produktif, dan berpotensi menjadi penyebab utama beban penyakit tidak menular (PTM) jika tidak tertangani sejak dini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan proporsi kejadian hipertensi dan prehipertensi berdasarkan jenis kelamin pada remaja dan dewasa muda (15–34 tahun) di Indonesia, serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor risiko yang terkait. Studi ini menggunakan desain potong lintang dengan analisis data sekunder dari Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) tahun 2023. Sampel terdiri dari 16.961 responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Analisis dilakukan melalui uji chisquare dan regresi logistik dengan nilai p value ≤ 0,05. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa proporsi
hipertensi lebih tinggi pada perempuan (17,6%) dibandingkan laki-laki (16,0%), sedangkan prehipertensi lebih tinggi pada laki-laki (19,2%) dibandingkan perempuan (15,1%). Faktor usia, status gizi, aktivitas fisik, perilaku merokok dan konsumsi alkohol, serta determinan sosial seperti pendidikan dan pekerjaan menunjukkan asosiasi dengan kejadian hipertensi dan prehipertensi, terutama pada kelompok laki-laki. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan perlunya kebijakan kesehatan berbasis gender yang fokus pada promosi dan pencegahan hipertensi di usia produktif, serta peningkatan deteksi dini untuk memanfaatkan bonus demografi secara optimal.
Hypertension and prehypertension are part of the spectrum of cardiovascular diseases that are increasingly prevalent among the productive age group and have the potential to become a major burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) if not addressed early. This study aims to describe the proportion of hypertension and prehypertension cases by sex among adolescents and young adults (aged 15–34 years) in Indonesia, as well as to identify the associated risk factors. A cross-sectional design was employed using secondary data from the 2023 Indonesia Health Survey (SKI). The sample consisted of 16,961 respondents who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were analyzed using chi-square tests and logistic regression with a p value threshold of ≤ 0.05. The results showed that the proportion of hypertension was higher in females (17.6%) than in males (16.0%), while the proportion of prehypertension was higher in males (19.2%) than in females (15.1%). Factors such as age, nutritional status, physical activity, smoking and alcohol consumption behaviors, as well as social determinants like education and occupation, were found to be associated with hypertension and prehypertension, particularly among males. This study recommends the development of gender-sensitive health policies focusing on the promotion and prevention of hypertension among individuals in their productive years, alongside improved early detection efforts to optimize the benefits of the demographic dividend.
Prehypertension among adolescenses plays important role on raising the risk of hypertension among adults. The purpose of this study is to know the related and dominant factors of prehypertension among 14-17 years old adolescence in SMA Al-Azhar 3 Jakarta based on sex, family history of hypertension, nutritional status (BMI), physical activiy, sodium intake, and sleep duration, and smoking habit. This study used cross-sectional design. Total of 142 respondents from grade X and XI were included in this study. Instruments used are questionnaires, mercury sfigmomanometer, stethoscope, digital scales, and microtoice The result of study shows that prehypertension prevalence is 40.8%. There is significant correlation in sex, family history of hypertension, nutritional status (BMI), sodium intake, and sleep duration. Nutritional status (BMI), especially overweight, is the dominant factor of prehypertension with odds rasio of 5.998. It is suggested to measure other variables that have not been measured in similiar research. Keywords : Prehypertension, nutritional status, physical activity, sleep duration, sodium intake, adolescence
