ABSTRAK
Nama : Prastiwi Handayani
Program Studi : Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat
Judul : Gambaran Respon Ibu Balita dan Petugas Kesehatan Terhadap
Kampanye Imunisasi Measles Rubella (MR) Di Kelurahan
Jakasampurna, Kota Bekasi Tahun 2019
Pembimbing : Dr. drs. Tri Krianto, M.Kes
Salah satu penyakit yang dapat dicegah dengan dengan imunisasi (PD3I) adalah campak.
Penyakit campak dan rubella adalah penyakit yang mudah menular yang disebabkan oleh
virus dan ditularkan melalui batuk dan bersin. Kampanye imunisasi MR berakhir tanggal
31 Desember 2018. Pencapaian terendah di Jawa Barat, salah satunya kota Bekasi sebesar
85,85 persen. Dari 39 Puskesmas di Kota Bekasi terdapat lima puskesmas yang
cakupannya rendah, salah satunya yaitu Puskesmas Rawa Tembaga dengan cakupan 73%
(Bekasi, 2018). Jumlah anak yang diimunisasi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Rawa
Tembaga, Kelurahan Jakasampurna sebanyak 12.807 anak dari target sasaran16.529
anak. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan gambaran respon ibu terhadap kampanye
imunisasi MR. Jenis penelitian kualitatif dilakukan secara singkat atau Rapid Assesment
Procedures (RAP) dengan metode wawancara mendalam. Pengumpulan data dilakukan
pada bulan Mei sampai Juni 2019 di Kelurahan Jakasampurna, Kota Bekasi. Jumlah
informan adalah 17 orang ibu yang memiliki anak usia 9 sampai 59 bulan dengan teknik
purposive (non probability). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan dengan adanya informasi
atau kampanye imunisasi MR baik di media massa maupun fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan
menunjukkan respon positif terhadap informan dengan membawa anaknya untuk
melakukan imunisasi MR. Informan yang bersikap negatif terhadap kampanye tidak
membawa anaknya untuk memberikan imunisasi MR dan cenderung mengabaikan
manfaat yang didapat dari memberikan imunisasi MR serta efek yang terjadi pada anak
jika tidak memberikan imunisasi pada anaknya.
Kata kunci:
Campak dan rubella, imunisasi MR, Kampanye

ABSTRACT
Name : Prastiwi Handayani
Study Program : Health Pormotion
Title : An overview of response of mothers of infants and health workers
to the Measles Rubella immunization campaign (MR) in the
Jakasampurna village, Bekasi city, 2019
Counsellor : Dr. drs. Tri Krianto, M.Kes
One of the diseases that can be prevented by immunization (PD3I) is measles. Measles
and rubella are infectious diseases that are caused by viruses and are transmitted through
coughing and sneezing. The MR immunization campaign ends on December 31, 2018.
The lowest achievement is in West Java, one of which is Bekasi city at 85.85 percent. Of
the 39 Puskesmas in Bekasi City there are five low-coverage puskesmas, one of which is
the Rawa Tembaga Health Center with a coverage of 73% (Bekasi, 2018). The number
of children immunized in the working area of the Rawa Tembaga Community Health
Center, Jakasampurna Subdistrict was 12,807 children from the target target of 16,529
children. The purpose of this study was to obtain an overview of the mother's response to
the MR immunization campaign. This type of qualitative research is carried out briefly
or Rapid Assessment Procedures (RAP) with in-depth interview methods. Data collection
is conducted from May to June 2019 in the Jakasampurna Village, Bekasi City. The
number of informants is 17 mothers who have children aged 9 to 59 months with a
purposive (non probability) technique. The results of this study indicate that with
information or MR immunization campaigns in both the mass media and health care
facilities, they showed a positive response to informants by bringing their children to do
MR immunization. Informants who were negative towards the campaign did not bring
their children to provide MR immunization and tended to ignore the benefits obtained
from providing MR immunization as well as the effects that occur on children if they did
not give immunizations to their children.
Keywords: Measles and rubella, MR Immunization, campaign

Campak dan Rubela merupakan penyakit menular berpotensi wabah yang dapat menimbulkan komplikasi serius bahkan kematian, terutama pada anak-anak. Namun keduanya dapat dicegah melalui pemberian imunisasi. Trend cakupan imunisasi yang menurun, terutama paska pandemi COVID-19, telah menyebabkan peningkatan Kejadian Luar Biasa (KLB) salah satunya Campak-Rubela, sehingga diperlukan respon cepat melalui pemberian imunisasi tambahan berupa Outbreak Response Immunization (ORI). Pelaksanaan ORI di sebagian besar wilayah terdampak KLB masih belum optimal, terutama dari sisi ketepatan waktu respon. Kementerian Kesehatan telah menyediakan alat bantu untuk mendukung proses pra-pelaksanaan ORI, namun penginputan masih bersifat manual dan sistem ini belum terintegrasi dengan sistem informasi lain, serta belum memiliki mekanisme verifikasi dan monitoring oleh tingkat administrasi yang lebih tinggi. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan suatu inovasi yang dapat memperbaiki sistem yang ada saat ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan prototipe sistem informasi terintegrasi guna meningkatkan ketepatan waktu pelaksanaan ORI di tingkat puskesmas dalam rangka penanggulangan KLB Campak-Rubela.
Metode yang digunakan adalah Pendekatan Rapid Evolutionary Prototyping yang memungkinkan pengembangan dilakukan bertahap berdasarkan masukan yang diperoleh selama proses implementasi dengan cakupan terbatas. Sistem dikembangkan melalui tahapan analisis kebutuhan, identifikasi masalah, desain (logis serta fisik) dan implementasi. Penelitian ini menghasilkan prototipe yang terintegrasi dengan sistem SKDR dan SMILE dilengkapi beberapa menu utama yaitu notifikasi status, penginputan data kajian epidemiologi, perhitungan kebutuhan vaksin dan pelaporan ORI secara real time. Hasil pengujian yang melibatkan informan dari Dinas Kesehatan Kota Depok, Puskesmas Pengasinan dan Depok Jaya menunjukkan bahwa prototipe Sistem Informasi Outbreak Response Immunization (SIORI) efektif dan efisien dalam mendukung penyelenggaraan ORI. Kesimpulannya, prototipe SIORI memiliki potensi memperbaiki sistem yang ada saat ini dalam meningkatkan ketepatan waktu penyelenggaraan ORI KLB Campak-Rubela.

Measles and Rubella are highly contagious infectious diseases that can lead to serious complications and even death, especially in children. These diseases could cause outbreaks, however, can be prevented through immunization. The declining trend in immunization coverage, particularly after the COVID-19 pandemic, has led to an increase in outbreaks, including Measles-Rubella, thus requiring a prompt response through supplementary immunization activities known as Outbreak Response Immunization (ORI). The implementation of ORI in most outbreak-affected areas remains suboptimal, particularly in terms of response timeliness. Although the Ministry of Health has provided supporting excel based tools to support the pre-implementation process of ORI, data entry is still manual, the system is not yet integrated with other relevant information systems and is not complemented with verification and monitoring mechanisms from higher administrative levels. Therefore, an innovation is needed to improve the current system. This study aims to improve the timeliness of ORI implementation at the primary health care level in response to Measles-Rubella outbreaks through development of an integrated information system prototype. The Rapid Evolutionary Prototyping approach was used as the system development model, which allows for incremental development based on feedback collected during implementation assessment. The system was developed through the stages of needs analysis, problem identification, logical and physical design, and implementation. This study resulted in the development of a prototype information system named SIORI, designed to improve the timeliness of ORI implementation. The system includes several key features including outbreak status notification that is integrated with the Early Warning Alert and Response System (SKDR), input for epidemiological assessment data, vaccine stock data obtained from the Electronic Immunization and Logistics Monitoring System (SMILE), vaccine needs calculation, and reporting functions covering response timeliness and immunization service data input. Implementation test involving informants from Depok City Health Office and selected health centers (Puskesmas Pengasinan and Depok Jaya) showed that SIORI is more effective and efficient in supporting ORI implementation. The conclusion is that prototype SIORI has potentials to improve the current system in to accelerating ORI implementation timeliness.