Abstrak: Konsentrasi timbal melebihi baku mutu di perairan Kabupaten Gresik akibat limbah industri dapat menjadi risiko gangguan kesehatan kronis seperti hipertensi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pajanan timbal di air minum dan makanan terhadap kejadian hipertensi penduduk kawasan industri dan non industri. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi Public Health Assessment dan analisis spasial pada 1050 responden usia dewasa di Kabupaten Gresik. Data yang digunakan berupa data sekunder Riset Khusus Pencemaran Lingkungan Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan tahun 2012. Tingkat risiko akibat pajanan timbal di air minum kawasan industri (RQrealtime:0,21039; RQlifespan:0,28690) memiliki kecenderungan berisiko lebih tinggi daripada kawasan non industri (RQrealtime:0,01692; RQlifespan:0,01692). Tingkat risiko tertinggi akibat pajanan timbal di makanan kawasan industri pada beras (RQrealtime:12,1544; RQlifespan:16,2481) sedangkan kawasan non industri pada jagung (RQrealtime:9,6615; RQlifespan:9,4970). Penduduk terpajan timbal tidak memenuhi syarat pada air minum memiliki risiko lebih tinggi dibandingkan terpajan timbal memenuhi syarat (OR: 2,693 95%CI: 0,982-7,386) untuk mengalami kejadian hipertensi setelah dikontrol oleh variabel usia, jenis kelamin dan obesitas. Analisis spasial menunjukkan sebaran timbal di media lingkungan tidak memiliki pola persebaran tertentu.
Kata kunci: Hipertensi, Public Health Assessment, Timbal

Abstrak: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata konsentrasi timbal udara ambien yaitu 0,185 μg/m3 pada Tahun 2011, 0,052 μg/m3 pada Tahun 2012, dan 0,123 μg/m3 pada Tahun 2013. Besaran risiko pajanan timbal pada siswa SD di Kelurahan Muncul kurang dari 1 yang berarti belum berisiko. Proporsi penyakit yang paling sering dialami siswa SD yaitu gangguan pernafasan (44%), dan demam disertai gangguan pernafasan (26,2%). Proporsi efek kesehatan lain yang ditemui antara lain mengarah kepada tanda dan gejala gangguan saraf (7,1%), mengarah kepada tanda dan gejala gangguan mental emosional dan hiperaktif (56%), mengarah kepada tanda dan gejala anemia (67,9%), serta tanda dan gejala indikasi susah mengikuti pelajaran/terkait IQ (54,8%). Perlu dilakukan penelitian lanjutan, selain itu pemerintah juga perlu meninjau kegiatan penghasil timbal dengan melibatkan lintas sektor dan melakukan kajian baku mutu timbal udara ambien. Kata kunci : Timbal, Inhalasi, Public Health Assessment

Abstrak:

---

Abstrak: High intakes of dietary sodium are associated with elevated blood pressure levels and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. National and international guidelines recommend reduced sodium intake in the general population, which necessitates population-wide surveillance. We assessed the utility of casual (spot) urine specimens in estimating 24-hour urinary sodium excretion as a marker of sodium intake in the International Cooperative Study on Salt, Other Factors, and Blood Pressure. There were 5,693 participants recruited in 1984-1987 at the ages of 20-59 years from 29 North American and European samples. Participants were randomly assigned to test or validation data sets. Equations derived from casual urinary sodium concentration and other variables in the test data were applied to the validation data set. Correlations between observed and estimated 24-hour sodium excretion were 0.50 for individual men and 0.51 for individual women; the values were 0.79 and 0.71, respectively, for population samples. Bias in mean values (observed minus estimated) was small; for men and women, the values were -1.6 mmol per 24 hours and 2.3 mmol per 24 hours, respectively, at the individual level and -1.8 mmol per 24 hours and 2.2 mmol per 24 hours, respectively, at the population level. Proportions of individuals with urinary 24-hour sodium excretion above the recommended levels were slightly overestimated by the models. Casual urine specimens may be a useful, low-burden, low-cost alternative to 24-hour urine collections for estimation of population sodium intakes; ongoing calibration with study-specific 24-hour urinary collections is recommended to increase validity.

Abstrak: Research on an association between extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields and breast cancer has been conducted since the 1980s, based on the hypothesis that ELF fields suppress melatonin production and melatonin protects against breast cancer development. In this issue of the Journal, Li et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2013;178(7):1038–1045) present a well-designed study on occupational exposure to ELF fields and breast cancer that adds to the already large pool of data that has not supported the hypothesis. Over time, the quality and statistical power of studies within this research area have increased considerably, and advances in exposure assessment have reduced exposure misclassification. The evidence is consistently negative. A World Health Organization health risk assessment concluded in 2005 that the evidence from experimental and epidemiologic studies is sufficient to give confidence that ELF magnetic fields do not cause breast cancer. The new study adds even more confidence to this conclusion. We should now focus our time and research resources on more promising hypotheses, the results of which could make a difference for public health and advance science. Further epidemiologic studies on ELF fields and breast cancer are likely to have little new knowledge to add.

Abstrak:

Abstrak: Blueprint pengelolaan energi nasional tahun 2006 hingga 2025, Indonesia sedang menuju kearah mandiri energi dimana negara akan hadir dalam penyediaan energi dengan harga wajar bagi masyarakat. Pada tahun 2018 lalu, pemerintah melalui rencana usaha penyediaan tenaga listrik hingga 2025 mendatang berencana menambah kapasitas pembangkit listrik hingga 56.024 MW. PT Indonesia Power merupakan anak perusahaan dari PT PLN (Persero) yang bergerak dibidang pembangkitan tenaga listrik. Dalam mengelola aset pembangkit, PT Indonesia Power menerapkan kebijakan risk management secara terintegrasi. Namun, hingga saat ini belum ada kajian ataupun kebijakan yang menganalisa faktor faktor keselamatan bangunan gedung pembangkit listrik. Dalam melakukan assessment keselamatan bangunan gedung terdapat beberapa metode yang dapat digunakan. Diantaranya yaitu ISRS 7th, NFPA 5000, dan Permen PU 29 tahun 2006. Berdasarkan hasil analisa metode assessment didapatkan tingkat kesesuaian fasilitas emergency sebesar 91,6%, peringatan dini bahaya 100 %, Instalasi antar lantai 86,6 %, Pemadam kebakaran 62,9%, Ventilasi 100%, dan Fasilitas hygiene sebesar 80%. Hasil tersebut didapatkan dengan melakukan kombinasi ketiga metode assessment

---

In the 2006 2025 national energy management blueprint, Indonesia is moving towards energy independence where the state will be present in providing energy at a reasonable price for the community. In 2018, the government, through a business plan to provide electricity until 2025, plans to increase power generation capacity to 56,024 MW. PT Indonesia Power is a subsidiary of PT PLN (Persero) which is engaged in power generation. In managing generator assets, PT Indonesia Power implements an integrated risk management policy. However, until now there has been no study or policy that analyzes the safety factors of power plant buildings. In conducting a building safety assessment, there are several methods that can be used. Among them are ISRS 7th, NFPA 5000, and Permen PU 29 of 2006. Based on the analysis of the assessment method, it was found that the level of suitability of emergency facilities was 91.6%, hazard early warning was 100%, inter-floor installation was 86.6%, fire fighting was 62.9%, ventilation was 100%, and hygiene facilities were 80%. These results are obtained by combining the three assessment methods