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In the era of digital transformation in the workplace, technology has evolved in the implementation of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) to create a safe and productive work environment while preventing occupational accidents and diseases. The application of OHS technologies, such as wearable devices, virtual reality (VR), and digital reporting systems that has been widely adopted in safety training and management programs. The effective use of such technologies requires understanding and acceptance from workers, which may vary across generations. This study aims to compare and analyze the factors influencing differences in OHS perceptions and the adaptation of OHS technology in the workplace among Generation Z, Generation Y, and Seniors (Generation X and Baby Boomers). A mixed methods approach was employed, beginning with a questionnaire distributed across generational groups, followed by in-depth interviews with selected respondents. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, which revealed significant differences in intergenerational collaboration. However, no significant differences were found in OHS perceptions, attitudes, or technology adaptation across generations. Interview results indicated that Generation Z tends to adapt more quickly to OHS technologies compared to other generations. Therefore, it is important for workers to participate in training, and for workplaces to support the adaptation of OHS technology through communication and training strategies tailored to the characteristics of each generation.
OHS, information system, prototype
Seiring dengan peningkatan pendidikan, semakin banyak masyarakat Indonesia yang
bekerja di perkantoran. Sektor perkantoran tidak luput dari berbagai potensi bahaya dan
risiko, baik yang berasal dari pekerjaannya ataupun dari lingkungan kerjanya. Oleh
karena itu, implementasi K3 di lingkungan perkantoran diperlukan untuk mencegah dan
mengurangi penyakit akibat kerja dan penyakit lain, serta kecelakaan kerja pada
karyawan, dan menciptakan perkantoran yang aman, nyaman, dan efisien untuk
meningkatkan produktivitas kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis
implementasi standar K3 perkantoran di kantor PT X Gandul, menganalisis faktor yang
berhubungan dengan hasil implementasi tersebut, dan memberikan rekomendasi
perbaikan terkait implementasi K3 Perkantoran. Penelitian menggunakan metode analisis
deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif melalui observasi, wawancara, dan telaah
dokumen untuk menilai penerapan K3 pada aspek kebijakan, keselamatan kerja,
kesehatan kerja, ergonomi, dan kesehatan lingkungan kerja. Hasil penilaian menunjukkan
bahwa implementasi K3 di kantor PT X Gandul secara umum berada pada kategori sangat
baik dengan capaian total 84%, di mana aspek kebijakan (100%), keselamatan kerja
(91%), ergonomi (85%), dan kesehatan lingkungan kerja (92%) memperoleh nilai sangat
baik, sementara aspek kesehatan kerja berada pada kategori baik dengan capaian 66%.
Faktor utama yang mendukung keberhasilan implementasi K3 di kantor PT X Gandul
adalah komitmen manajemen, ketersediaan sumber daya, tingkat pengetahuan dan
awareness pekerja, serta evaluasi dan pemantauan berkala. Namun, ditemukan beberapa
indikator yang belum terpenuhi seperti ketiadaan water sprinkler dan heat detector,
ketiadaan stopper pada slot parkir, ketiadaan jalur khusus troli, belum optimalnya fasilitas
ruang ASI, serta pengelolaan sampah yang perlu ditingkatkan. Penelitian ini
merekomendasikan PT X untuk melakukan peningkatan pada fasilitas pendukung,
pemerataan program kesehatan kerja pada seluruh kantor PT X, membuat KPI perprogram, dan melakukan pembagian tugas secara spesifik sesuai pilar K3KL. Selain itu,
peneliti juga merekomendasikan adanya pengkajian ulang indikator penilaian pada
Permenkes Nomor 48 Tahun 2016 dan Instrumen Penilaian Mandiri, agar lebih fleksibel
dan relevan dengan kondisi nyata perkantoran di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian ini
diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan dalam pengembangan kebijakan dan praktik K3
perkantoran yang lebih efektif dan berkelanjutan.
Along with the increase in education, more and more Indonesian people work in offices. The office sector is not free from various potential hazards and risks, both from their work and from their work environment. Therefore, the implementation of K3 in the office environment is needed to prevent and reduce occupational diseases and other diseases, as well as work accidents in employees, and to create a safe, comfortable, and efficient office to increase work productivity. This study aims to analyze the implementation of K3 office standards at the PT X Gandul office, analyze factors related to the results of the implementation, and provide recommendations for improvements related to the implementation of K3 Office. The study uses a descriptive analysis method with a qualitative approach through observation, interviews, and document reviews to assess the implementation of K3 in the aspects of policy, occupational safety, occupational health, ergonomics, and work environment health. The assessment results show that the implementation of K3 at the PT X Gandul office is generally in the very good category with a total achievement of 84%, where the aspects of policy (100%), occupational safety (91%), ergonomics (85%), and work environment health (92%) received very good scores, while the occupational health aspect is in the good category with an achievement of 66%. The main factors supporting the success of K3 implementation in PT X Gandul office are management commitment, availability of resources, level of knowledge and awareness of workers, and periodic evaluation and monitoring. However, several indicators were found that have not been met such as the absence of water sprinklers and heat detectors, the absence of stoppers in parking slots, the absence of special trolley lanes, suboptimal breastfeeding room facilities, and waste management that needs to be improved. This study recommends PT X to improve supporting facilities, equalize occupational health programs in all PT X offices, create KPIs per program, and divide tasks specifically according to the K3KL pillars. In addition, the researcher also recommends a review of the assessment indicators in Permenkes Number 48 of 2016 and the Independent Assessment Instrument, to be more flexible and relevant to the real conditions of offices in Indonesia. The results of this study are expected to be a reference in developing more effective and sustainable office K3 policies and practices.
Pada tahun 2023 industri perkebunan kelapa sawit tercatat sebagai sektor dengan angka
kecelakaan kerja tertinggi nasional (60,5%) dengan tren kenaikan sebesar 18–20 % per
tahun. Dua faktor utama penyebab kecelakaan dan penyakit pada pekerja di sektor ini
adalah kurangnya pengawasan dari manajemen (lack of management control) dan
rendahnya tingkat pengetahuan pekerja (human factor). Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut,
penelitian ini mengembangkan Model Edukasi K3 melalui penyusunan Modul Edukasi
K3 dan pembentukan Kader Sawit, yang bertujuan meningkatkan literasi dan praktik
keselamatan kerja pekerja sawit. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan mix-method
exploratory yang dilakukan selama 6 bulan dengan tahapan penelitian: (1) analisis
penyelenggaraan K3 dan mengidentifikasi status gizi pekerja, (2) penyusunan Modul
Edukasi K3 melalui studi literatur dan expert judgement serta pembentukan Kader Sawit,
dan (3) uji coba/menilai dampak intervensi dengan Quasi Experiment Design (Wilcoxon
Test). Hasil intervensi menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan pada skor pengetahuan (dari
38,68 menjadi 50,60), sikap (61,87 menjadi 68,13), dan perilaku (25,38 menjadi 30,53).
Peningkatan skor Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Perilaku pada kelompok intervensi rata-rata
7.4 kali lebih tinggi daripada kelompok kontrol. Selain itu, kecelakaan kerja menurun dari
66,7 % menjadi 10 %, dan angka kejadian penyakit turun dari 43,3 % menjadi 33,3 %
setelah intervensi. Dengan demikian, intervensi melalui Modul Edukasi K3 dan Kader
Sawit terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku K3 serta
menurunkan angka kecelakaan dan penyakit, sehingga dapat menjadi langkah strategis
dan efektif untuk meningkatkan literasi dan praktik K3 di industri perkebunan kelapa
sawit di Indonesia.
In 2023, the palm oil plantation industry was recorded as the sector with the highest
national rate of occupational accidents (60.5%), with an annual increasing trend of 18
20%. The two main contributing factors to accidents and occupational illnesses in this
sector are lack of management control and low levels of worker knowledge (human
factor). To address these issues, this study developed an Occupational Safety and Health
(OSH) Education Model through the formulation of an OSH Education Module and the
establishment of “Kader Sawit” (Palm Cadres), aimed at improving workers’ safety
literacy and practices. This research applied an exploratory mixed-method approach over
a six-month period, with the following phases: (1) analysis of OSH implementation and
identification of workers’ nutritional status, (2) development of the OSH Education
Module through literature review and expert judgment, along with the training of Kader
Sawit, and (3) trial and evaluation of the intervention impact using a Quasi-Experimental
Design (Wilcoxon Test). The intervention resulted in a significant increase in knowledge
scores (from 38.68 to 50.60), attitudes (from 61.87 to 68.13), and safety behavior (from
25.38 to 30.53). The average increase in knowledge, attitude, and behavior scores in the
intervention group was 7.4 times higher than in the control group. Furthermore, the
incidence of occupational accidents decreased from 66.7% to 10%, while the occurrence
of work-related illnesses declined from 43.3% to 33.3% after the intervention. These
findings demonstrate that the implementation of the OSH Education Module and the
involvement of Kader Sawit are effective strategies for enhancing OSH-related
knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors, and for reducing the incidence of accidents and
diseases, thereby offering a strategic and impactful approach to improving OSH literacy
and practices in Indonesia’s palm oil plantation industry.
Metode penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan desain penelitian deskriptif analitik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat kebutuhan pelatihan K3 di laboratorium FMIPA UI khususnya laboran melalui analisis organisasi, analisis tugas dan analisis personal dan pengkategorian pelatihan berdasarkan tujuan.
Analisis organisasi menunjukan FMIPA UI masih belum mendukung secara maksimal pengadaan pelatihan K3. Analisis tugas menemukan karakteristik bahaya dan risiko yang ada di laboratorium sehingga dapat ditentukan pelatihan K3 yang dibutuhkan. Analisis personal melalui wawancara mendalam menemukan bahwa masih kurangnya pengetahuan laboran di laboratorium FMIPA UI terhadap K3 secara umum.
Hasil penelitian ini adalah matriks pelatihan K3 yang dibutuhkan oleh laboratorium di FMIPA UI dengan tiga kategori yakni pelatihan kategori orientasi untuk merubah persepsi laboran/staff lab terhadap K3, pelatihan kategori keterampilan untuk menambah atau memperbaiki keterampilan K3 yang dimiliki, dan pelatihan kategori pengembangan meberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan baru dengan tujuan menaikan tingkat laboran/ staff lab.
Laboratory is a place for scientific research, clinical, or as a means of education. Laboratory workers everydays work with high risk of hazards established from its material and process. This study conducted at one faculty in Universitas Indonesia which is Faculty of Mathematics and Science (FMIPA UI) in 2014.
The method used in this research is qualitative with descriptive analytic design. This research aimed to look at FMIPA UI laboratory workers needs in occupational health and safety training. Through organizational analysis, task analysis and personal analysis process then categorized based on training purposes.
Organizational analysis shows FMIPA UI still has not maximally supported training. Task analysis find characteristic of the hazards and risks that exist in the laboratory so it can be determined which safety training is needed. Personal analysis through deep interview found that there’s still lack of knowledge workers in the FMIPA UI laboratory in general.
This research results is establishing a matrix of health and safety training required by a laboratory in FMIPA UI with three categories. Training orientation to change the perception, training skill to add or fix skill that needed to increase safety performance by workers and training development to develop a new knowledge and skills for laboratory workers.
Kata Kunci: Analisis risiko; Konveksi; K3; Pembuatan kemeja; Kaos sablon