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Kata kunci :Salmonella sp, hygiene, Rumah Potong Hewan Unggas, RPHU
Foodstuffs from cattle is an excellent medium for the growth of pathogenicmicroorganisms. Poultry meat contains a lot of Salmonella sp. which has the potential tocause foodborne disease, which can be detrimental to health of people who consumechicken meat. Poultry Slaughter House (RPHU) as one means of chicken meat providermay have a potential impact on chain of Salmonella sp. The potential spread ofSalmonella sp. may come from employee hygiene RPHU and equipment that do notmeet the ISO standard house chicken cuts that will increase microbial contamination,and therefore need related research contamination Salmonella sp in chicken meatPoultry Slaughterhouse in East Jakarta. The research method using descriptive studiesto describe situations and events during the study. The samples are samples of chickenbreast and thigh meat and abattoir employees. Research data collection usinginterviews, observation and laboratory tests. The results obtained from this study is theresult of laboratory tests of samples of chicken meat is negative and 60.4% goodemployee hygiene. Conclusion of chicken meat production from eastern Jakarta RPHUis qualified microbiologist and employee hygiene pretty good.
Keywords :Salmonella sp, hygiene, Slaughterhouse Poultry, RPHU.
Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pengaruh timbal dalam darah ibu hamil terhadap berat badan lahir bayi. Dilaksanakan di Desa Cinangka, Kec.Ciampea, Kab.Bogor pada Januari - Juni 2016 dengan desain kohort prospektif terhadap 31 ibu hamil. Proporsi ibu hamil yang terpajan timbal melebihi dari batas aman yang ditetapkan oleh WHO, yaitu 10 μg/dl adalah sebesar 51.6%.
Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan hubungan yang sangat kuat antara kadar timbal dalam darah ibu dengan berat badan lahir bayi dan berpola negatif, artinya semakin tinggi kadar timbal dalam darah ibu, maka semakin rendah berat badan lahir bayi (r= -0,880) dengan nilai p < 0,001. Model akhir dari analisis multivariat diperoleh koefisien B untuk variabel kadar timbal sebesar -60.264. Artinya, Setiap kenaikan kadar timbal dalam darah ibu sebesar 1 μg/dl, maka berat badan lahir bayi akan turun sebesar 60,264 gram setelah dikontrol variabel umur, pendapatan, dan kadar hemoglobin. Diperlukan upaya mengurangi pajanan timbal dengan menghentikan kegiatan peleburan aki bekas yang masih beroperasi, memberi penyuluhan pada masyarakat tentang bahaya dan dampak pencemaran lingkungan khususnya timbal, dan melanjutkan program enkapsulisasi tanah tercemar timbal.
Lead contaminant may give negative impact for human health. Lead substance ina mother's blood feared would be bad for the health of fetus. In Bogor Regency in 2014, LBW was a number one out of twenty one disease patterns case of hospitalized patient aged 0 - < 1 years old with new case of 1.801 people (24.45%). Cinangka Village is a place for illegal smelting batteries since 1987, and it has been confirmed as lead-contamination source.
This research aims to analyze the impact of lead in pregnant woman's blood towards the baby's birthweight. The research was conducted in Cinangka Village, Ciampea District, Bogor Regency in January - June 2016 using the prospective cohort design with 31 pregnant women as respondents. The proportion of pregnant women exposed to lead that exceeds the safe limit stipulated by the WHO, which is 10 μg/dl, is 51.6%.
The bivariate analysis result indicates that there is indeed a strong relationship between blood lead level of the mothers' and the baby's birthweight, and it is inversely related: the higher the blood lead level of the mothers', the lower the baby's birthweight (r= -0,880) with value of p < 0,001. In the final model of multivariate analysis, it is discovered that the coefficient B for lead level variable is -60.264, which means that for each increase in the level of lead in the blood of mothers by 1 g / dl, the baby's birthweight will decrease by 60.264 grams after controlled by age, income, and hemoglobin concentration. Serious efforts need to be done to reduce the exposure to lead by stopping the smelting batteries activities, providing counseling for the people regarding the danger and impact of environmental pollution, particularly lead, and continuing the lead contaminated soil encapsulisation.
ABSTRAK Nama : Bayu Rizki Sanjaya Program Studi : Magister Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Judul : Asosiasi Pajanan Benzene Terhadap Kadar Hemoglobin (Studi Pada Pekerja Laki-Laki Di Industri Sepatu Informal Cibaduyut, Jawa Barat) xvi + 85 halaman, 16 tabel, 9 gambar Benzene merupakan senyawa yang berbahaya bagi kesehatan. Dampak nonkarsinogenik yang diakibatkan diantaranya anemia dan pensitopenia. Pada pajanan benzene ditingkat rendah, menunjukkan adanya perbedaan dampak hematologi. Kadar hemoglobin merupakan salah satu parameter awal yang digunakan untuk mengetahui dampak hematologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengtahui asosiasi pajanan benzene terhadap kadar hemoglobin. hasil penelitian. Metode penelitian. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional. Pemilihan sampel mengggunakan cluster satu tingkat. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 71 pekerja laki-laki responden. Pengukuran benzene menggunakan metode NIOSH 1501, pemeriksaan kadar hemoglobin menggunakan automated hematlogy analyzer. Lama kerja, usia, status merokok, konsumsi alkohol dan riwayat infeksi diukur menggunakan kuesioner Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata pajanan benzene adalah 0,34 ppm dan kadar hemoglobin pekerja laki-laki adalah15,34 ± 1,14 g/dL. Berdasarkan analisis statistik, rata-rata kadar hemoglobin pajanan benzene ≤ 0,50 ppm adalah 15.15 g/dL (95% CI : 14.80 - 15.50) dan pada pajanan benzene 0,51 – 1 ppm adalah g/dL 15.55 (95% CI : 15.19 - 15.91). Pekerja dengan lama kerja lebih dari 6 tahun memiliki kadar hemoglobin lebih rendah 0,7 g/dL (95% CI: -1.32 s.d. -0.13) dibandingkan pekerja dengan lama kerja kurang dari 6 tahun. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pajanan benzene di bawah 1 ppm tidak ada asosiasi yang signifikan terhadap kadar hemoglobin, namun pekerja terdapat indikasi bahwa durasi pajanan yang diukur dengan lama kerja berasosiasi dengan penurunan hemoglobin. Kata kunci: benzene, hemoglobin, pekerja laki-laki
ABSTRACT Name : Bayu Rizki Sanjaya Program of Study : Master of Public Health Title of Thesis : Association of benzene exposures and hemoglobin (Study among the footware male workers in Cibaduyut West Java) xvi + 85 pages, 16 tables, 9 pictures Benzene is one of the chemical substances which can cause some health effect. Noncarcinogenics effect can caused by benzene is anemia and pancytopenia. Benzene at lower concentrations have is conflicting evidence on potential hematological effects. Hemoglobin is one of hematological paramaters of hematological effects. The purpose of this study to explain association benzene exposure and effect of hemoglobin. Cross sectional study design was used, and 71 male workers selected by cluster random sampling. Benzene measurement used NIOSH 1501 method and hemoglobin measurement used by automated hematalogy analyzer. Confounding factors such as work duration, age, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and history of infection measurements by questionnares. The results showed that means of benzene exposure is 0,34 ppm and means of hemoglobin is 15,34 ± 1,14 g/dL. Statistical analysis showed that means of hemoglobin at benzene exposure ≤ 0,50 ppm is 15.15 g/dL (95% CI : 14.80 - 15.50) and means of hemoglobin at benzene exposure 0,51 - 1 ppm is 15.55 g/dL (95% CI : 15.19 - 15.91). Male-workers that work duration more than 6 yearshave decreased of hemoglobin 0,7 g/dL (95% CI: -1.32 s.d. -0.13). The conclution is benzene exposure below 1 ppm statistically not association with hemoglobin. However long-time exposure of benzene that measure with work duration statistically significant with decreased of hemoglobin. Keywords: benzene, hemoglobin, male workers
Brain is the main target of mercury exposure that can interface other organs because organic mercury is a neurotoxic that is toxic to the central nervous system, especially in the cortex and cerebellum so can cause disturbance of the body's balance. One of the largest sources of mercury contamination come from artisanal and small scale gold mining (ASGM) conducted by the community. This study aims to determine the relationship between levels of mercury in hair against body balance disorders in community exposed to mercury. This study used cross sectional design, sample selection used total sampling technique. Data of mercury levels in hair used secondary data from previous research. The number of samples in this study were 58 respondents. Measurement of body balance disorders using Romberg test.. The relationship between mercury level in hair, body balance disorders and individual characteristics (age, occupation, length of stay, body mass index and fish consumption) were tested using chi square, independent T test and logistic regression. The results showed hair mercury levels exceeded normal limits of> 2 ppm as many as 31 people (53.4%) and those with disturbance of body balance in community were 37 people (63.8%). Statistically, there was a significant correlation between hair mercury level with body balance disorder (p value 0.010), proved by as many as 25 people (80,6%) respondents with mercury level >2 ppm had disturbance of body balance. Respondents with mercury levels >2ppm, risk to have body balance disorders 6 times compared to respondents with mercury levels in hair ≤2ppm after controlled by age variable. For further research it is suggested to conduct airborne measurements around the ASGM location as a reference for mercury exposure which is enter through the inhalation pathway.
