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Kata kunci: Sick Building Syndrome, Bakteri, Kualitas Udara dalam Ruang
Metode: Desain penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi ekologi dengan unit analisisnya yaitu timbulan limbah medis harian (kg/hari) selama satu tahun terjadinya pandemi. Data akan diolah dengan melakukan analisis univariat dan bivariat. Analisis bivariat dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji regresi linier sederhana untuk melihat kekuatan hubungan antar variabel.
Hasil: Timbulan limbah medis di RS Rujukan Covid-19 sebelum pandemi (2019) adalah 97,35 ton, sedangkan pada tahun 2020 saat terjadinya pandemi adalah 94,35 ton.
Kata Kunci : Sick Building Syndrome, Bakteri, Alergi, Kualitas udara dalam ruang
Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) has been defined as a term used to describe common symptoms which, for no obvious reason, are associated with particular buildings. This study aims to determine the relationship between indoor air quality with SBS occurrence in Graha Sucofindo Jakarta. The cross-sectional study was used in this research with the following independent variables, colonies of bacteria, temperature, relative humidity, age, gender, year of services, and history of allergies. From the data analysis showed a significant relationship between bacterial colonies, age, gender, year of services, and history of allergies to the occurrence of SBS. Multivariate analysis found that history of allergies becomes dominant variables that affect the occurrence of SBS. Furthermore, it is found that there is interaction between bacterial colonies and gender in making the incidence of SBS. It can be concluded that history of allergies may increase the risk of SBS and the interaction between bacterial colonies and gender can causing the incidence of SBS. It is advisable to control the indoor air quality, create a healthy space for workers and avoid allergic workers to work in bad indoor air quality.
Keywords : Sick Building Syndrome, History of Allergies, Bacterial Colonies, Gender, Indoor Air Quality
TB paru masih menjadi masalah kesehatan utama di dunia termasuk di Indonesia sebagai salah satu negara dengan prevalensi TB paru yang tinggi. Menurut hasil Riskesdas 2007 prevalensi TB paru di Indonesia sebesar 400/100.000 penduduk sedangkan hasil Riskesdas 2010 sebesar 725/100.000 penduduk begitupun di Sumatera. Selain adanya sumber penular, kejadian TB paru juga dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan rumah (ventilasi, pencahayaan, lantai serta kepadatan hunian rumah). Rendahnya persentase rumah sehat diduga ikut memperbesar penularan TB paru di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah hubungan kondisi lingkungan fisik rumah dengan kejadian TB paru di Sumatera berbeda berdasarkan faktor umur, jenis kelamin dan daerah tempat tinggal. Penelitian ini menggunakan disain studi potong lintang dengan sampel penelitian penduduk yang berumur diatas 15 tahun di Sumatera yang berjumlah 38.419 responden. Penderita TB paru didapatkan berdasarkan diagnosis tenaga kesehatan melalui pemeriksaan dahak atau rongten paru. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa faktor lingkungan fisik rumah yang berisiko terhadap kejadian TB paru di Sumatera adalah ventilasi rumah PR 1,314 (90% CI:1,034-1,670), pencahayaan PR 1,564 (90% CI:1,223-2,000) dan kepadatan hunian PR 1,029 (90% CI:0,798-1,327). Dari model akhir didapatkan bahwa hubungan lingkungan fisik rumah dengan kejadian TB paru di Sumatera berbeda signifikan berdasarkan faktor umur dan jenis kelamin.
Pulmonary tuberculosis is still a major health problem in the world, including in Indonesia as a country with a high prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis. According to the basic medical research in 2007 obtained prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Indonesia for 400/100.000 population while the results in 2010 for 725/100.000 population as did the population in Sumatera. In addition to the transmitting source, the occurence of pulmonary tuberculosis is also influenced by house environmental factors (ventilation, lighting, flooring and density of residential houses). The low percentage of healthy homes contribute to the transmission of suspected pulmonary tuberculosis in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the association of physical environmental conditions of the house with the occurence of pulmonary tuberculosis different by factors age, sex and area of residence in Sumatera. This study uses a cross-sectional study design with a sample of the study population over the age of 15 years in Sumatera, which amounted to 38,419 respondents. Patients with pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis obtained by health professionals through the examination of sputum or lung rongten. From the research found that the factor of the physical environment the home is at risk on the occurence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Sumatera is ventilated house PR 1.314 (90% CI :1.034,1.670), lighting PR 1.564 (90% CI :1.223,2.000) and the density of residential PR 1.029 (90% CI :0.798,1.327). From the final model was found that the relationship of the physical environment house with pulmonary tuberculosis occurence in Sumatera different significantly by age and gender.
