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Kebisingan merupakan salah satu polutan dan hasil samping pemanfaatan teknologi. Menurut Permenkes no. 718 tahun 1987, kebisingan diartikan sebagai bunyi yang tidak dikehendaki dan dapat mengganggu atau membahayakan kesehatan, yang bersumber dari industri dan transportasi/lalu lintas. Ketika tingkat kebisingan di suatu lokasi kerja sudah melampaui ambang batas yang dipersyaratkan berdasarkan SNI 2004, maka penanganan terhadap sumber maupun titik-titik penjalarannya perlu dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk diketahuinya adanya hubungan intensitas kebisingan di tempat kerja dengan NIHL pada karyawan di bagian produksi PT. SCTI. Populasi penelitian ini meliputi karyawan di PT. SCTI, dan sebagai sampel yaitu karyawan yang bekerja di bagian produksi PT. SCTI dengan masa kerja ≥ 3 tahun dan berumur < 40 tahun berjumlah 105 responden, sampel diambil secara Stratified Random Sampling (SRS). Rancangan desain studi yaitu cross sectional. Data diambil dengan 2 (dua) cara yaitu melakukan pengukuran dan wawancara dengan kuesioner. Analisa data pada penelitian ini menggunakan program analisis yang ada di FKM UI. Hasil penelitian diperoleh, rata-rata intensitas kebisingan di lingkungan kerja adalah 96,0 dB (A) dengan intensitas terendah 78,2 dB (A) dan tertinggi 98,4 dB (A). Sedangkan rata-rata lama pajanan kebisingan per hari responden di Departemen Spinning dan Weaving adalah 10 menit sampai dengan 3,5 jam. Hasil audiogram menunjukkan, responden paling banyak tidak menderita NIHL yaitu 82 orang (781%) sedangkan yang menderita NIHL ada 23 orang (21,9%). Berdasarkan analisis hubungan antara intensitas kebisingan di lingkungan kerja dengan NIHL didapatkan nilai p = 0,023, berarti pada alpha 5% terlihat ada hubungan yang signifikan antara intensitas kebisingan di lingkungan kerja dengan NIHL. Analisis multivariat menunjukkan, variabel yang berhubungan bermakna (signifikan) dan mempunyai pengaruh paling besar terhadap NIHL adalah variabel intensitas kebisingan, dengan Odds Ratio (OR) = 1,115. Variabel umur, jenis kelamin, memakai APT, dan merokok merupakan variabel konfonding. Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu intensitas kebisingan merupakan faktor yang paling dominan dan mempunyai pengaruh yang paling besar terhadap NIHL setelah dikontrol variabel umur, jenis kelamin, memakai APT, dan merokok. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat membantu perusahaan untuk mengambil kebijakan terutama bidang kesehatan karyawan, khususnya untuk mengurangi dampak akibat dari bising di lingkungan kerja. Selain itu dapat memberikan informasi yang valid dan reliable pada Instansi program terkait, mengenai prevalensi dari NIHL pada sebagian besar karyawan pabrik tekstil.
Noise is one of pollutant and by product of technology benefit. According by decree of the health minister no. 718 in 1987, noise deciphrable as unwanted sound and can annoyed or endangered of health that source from industry and transportation. When noise levels at workplaces exceeding Threshold Limit Values (TLV) based on SNI 2004 then handling to source need to do. Objectives of the research to find out there was relation of noise intensity at workplaces with NIHL on worker in PT. SCTI production departement. Population in the research is worker in PT. SCTI and as a sample that is worker in production departement has working life ≥ 3 year and be old < 40 tahun amount to 105 respondent, with Stratified Random Sampling (SRS) and a cross-sectional study. Data handling with two way that is measurement and direct interview using questionnaire. Data analysis in the research using analysis program at FKM UI. Results: noise intensity average at workplaces is 96,0 dB (A), lowest intensity 78,2 dB (A) and highest 98,4 dB (A), with exposed to time weighted average is 10 minute-3,5 hour. The most respondent who is not suffer NIHL 82 person (78,1%) and suffer NIHL 23 person (21,9%). According to relationship analysis between noise intensity at workplaces with NIHL acquired p value = 0,023, mean that on 5% alpha there was significant relationship between noise intensity at workplaces with NIHL. Multivariate analysis indicating that noise intensity variable which is significant relationship and have biggest effects to NIHL (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1,115). Variable of age, sex, APT, and smoker as confounding variable. Conclusion: noise intensity is the most dominant factor and have biggest effects to NIHL after controlable by variable of age, sex, APT, and smoker. The research result expectation can helping company to taking policy on worker health sector, particularly to reduce the effect in consequence of noise at workplaces. Beside that is can giving an information which is valid and reliable to relevant program instance about prevalence from NIHL on the most worker in textile factory.
Computer users worker in PT. X are at risk of Musculoskeletal Disorders. This study aims to analyze appropriateness of work equipment, the risk level of ergonomic by measuring working postures and subjective symptoms lead to Cumulative Trauma Disorders. This is a descriptive observational study with cross-sectional approach. Using RULA and Nordic Body Map, the results showed there were a discrepancies in some working equipment. While the level of ergonomic risk assessment using RULA from 18 computer users worker observed from 18 divisions that exist indicate high and very high risk with RULA range of values 6-7. While the results of observations on the subjective symptoms lead to Cumulative Trauma Disorders from 153 respondents observed showed 120 (78.43%) of respondents feel there are complaints soreness / aches / pain / discomfort. The biggest complaint occurred at the waist (35.29%), the upper neck (33.98%), and lower neck (33.33%). It is recommended to carry out repair on work equipment, stretching every 2 hours for 1- 5 minutes and make print media to increase information about office ergonomics.
Mining industry has a wide range of activities and work stages which involve mining workers, starting from general investigations, explorations, to reclamation. It is considered as one of the industries with a high-level risk. Mining workers are synonymous with shift and roster work patterns, and physical work that requires strength, flexibility and endurance of sustained muscles that contribute to fatigue. Generally, fatigue is defined as a state of weariness due to prolonged wakefulness, long work periods, and is characterized by decreased alertness, impaired decision making, and reduced capacity for neurobehavioral performance (Akerstedt, 1995; Dinges, 1995). The purpose of this study is to determine the average alertness score of exploration drilling service workers in coal mines which is influenced by the level of fatigue of workers calculated based on the quality and quantity of sleep using the SAFTE Fatigue Model. This research is a quantitative descriptive cross-sectional design, from June to August 2019. The results state that the majority of respondents have an alertness score in the reduced category (66.67%). The cross variable distribution shows that the lowest proportion of alertness is in the age group of 31-40 years (50.00%), moderate sleep quality (70.00%) and quantity of sleep poor (33.33%). There are differences in alertness scores between morning shift and night shift respondents, and that is the night shift has lower average alertness scores than morning shift respondents. The recommendations of this study are to improve sleep hygiene by providing health education, ensuring optimal room temperature and adequate exposure to natural lighting, and minimizing the exposure to noise and gadgets..
The INA-CBG payment system is a paymend basd on the rate of grouping diagnoses that have clinical closeness and homogeneity of the resources used. Hospitals will be paid based on the average cost spent by a diagnostic group. This system has been implemented by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia in order to improve service quality. This study aims to determine the description of the calculation of hemodialysis service rates using the Activity Based Costing method. The research is a quantitative research with a descriptive design. The results of this study indicate that in the hemodialysis service there is a difference between the average unit cost using the Activity Based Costing method on the Nipro machine and the Fresenius machine. Costs with this methods are known to be lower when compared to HD BPJS rates and hospital rates. This shows that using the Activity Based Costing method provides a advantage for the hospital.