Abstrak:

Latar belakang : Stroke masih merupakan penyebab kematian ketiga setelah penyakit jantung koroner dan kanker. Kematian karena perdarahan intraserebral dalam 7 hari pertama masih tinggi. Banyak faktor yang berpengaruh dan dapat dilakukan intervensi pada perawatan khusus. Tujuan : Mengetahui faktor faktor prognostik kematian dini di RSUD R Syamsudin SH Sukabumi. Bahan dan Cara : Pasien yang ikut penelitian ini adalah pasien stroke dengan perdarahan intraserebral yang dirawat di RSUD R Syamsudin SH yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi sejak 1 Januari 2005 sampai 30 Juni 2006. Metode : Penelitian kohort prospektif dan dianalisis dengan analisis survival. Hasil : Dari 117 pasien perdarahan intra serebral didapatkan kematian dini sebanyak 26,5%. Variabel yang sangat berpengaruh sebagai faktor prognosis kematian dini perdarahan intraserebral adalah gangguan kesadaran HR= 4,31 Interval Kepercayaan (2,0-9,19) p{1,000 sedangkan volume perdarahan HR=5,3 Interval Kepercayaan (2,34-11,9) p=0,000 serta kadar gula darah HR= 2,15 Interval Kepercayaan (0,99-4,65) p=0,051. Kesimpulan : Kematian karena perdarahan intra serebral masih cukup tinggi yaitu 26,5%. Perlu penanganan segera faktor yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya kematian dini yaitu gangguan kesadaran, gula darah, dan volume perdarahan sehingga dapat menurunkan angka kematian. Background: Stroke is still known as the third leading cause of death after coronary heart disease and cancer. Death due to intra-cerebral hemorrhage in the first 7 days is having high rote. Many factors are able to influence the incidence, although it can he inter vent through special care. Objectives: To find out prognostic factors on early death due to infra-cerebral hemorrhage at the District General Hospital of R. Syanisudin SH (DGH-RS) at Kota Sukabumi. Objects and Technique: Respondents involved in the study are stroke patients that suffer with infra-cerebral hemorrhage. The patients are being treatment at the DGH-RS and have fulfilled the inclusion criteria of the study, from 1st `January 2005 until 30rd June 2006. Method: The study is a prospective cohort study and is analyzed by using survival analysis. Results: Of 117 patients with intro-cerebral hemorrhage, an early death has occurred at 26.5%. The most influence variables, as prognostic factor to early death of infra-cerebral hemorrhage, are: consciousness disorders HR= 4.31 Confidence interval (2.0 - 9.19) p= 0.000, blood depletion volume HR= 5.3 Confidence interval (2.34 - 11.9) p= 0.000, and blood sugar level l-IR= 2.15 Confidence Interval (0.9[9 - 4.65) p= 0.051. Conclusion: The rate of death as a result of infra-cerebral is still high, i.e. 26.5%, There is an urgent need on controlling those factors affected the incidence of early death, namely consciousness disorders, blood sugar, and blood depiction volume, in order to decrease the death rate.

Abstrak: Gangguan otot dan tulang rangka akibat kerja (Gotrak) tersebar di seluruh dunia dan meningkatkan masalah kesehatan di tempat kerja serta menurunkan efisiensi fisiologis tubuh manusia, sehingga menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang serius. Selain terjadi pada pekerja yang menggunakan fisik, Gotrak juga umum terjadi pada pekerja di perkantoran karena terlibat dalam pekerjaan statis dan gerakan berulang dengan durasi yang lama dan monoton. Pada sektor kesehatan, kejadian Gotrak pada tenaga kesehatan telah banyak dilakukan penelitian dan pengendalian, namun sedikit referensinya pada pekerja perkantoran di RS, sehingga perlu dilakukan kajian faktor risiko ergonomi perkantoran di RS. Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis faktor risiko Gotrak pada pekerja perkantoran di RS. X. Desain penelitian ini cross sectional dengan pendekatan semikuantitatif. Teknik total samping mendapatkan 50 orang responden. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuesioner, lembar periksa ROSA untuk postur kerja, dan alat ukur antropometri. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil telitian mendapatkan 70% pekerja ada keluhan Gotrak. Terdapat hubungan antara faktor pekerjaan yaitu postur kerja, faktor individu yaitu jenis kelamin dan aktivitas fisik, faktor psikososial yaitu stres kerja dan kecemasan serta faktor pelayanan kesehatan kerja, dan kejadian Gotrak. Pelayanan kesehatan kerja pada Gotrak perlu ditingkatkan agar pekerja mengetahui dan mampu mengendalikan faktor risiko Gotrak di tempat kerja

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Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDS) are widespread throughout the world and increase health problem in the workplace and reduce the physiological efficiency of human body and becomes serious public health problem. Besides occurring in blue collar workers, wmsds is also common in office workers because involved in static work and repetitive movement with a long and monotonous duration. In health sector, the incidence of WMSDs in health workers has been widely stidied and controlled, but there are few references to office workers in hospitals, so it is necessary tostudy ergonomic risk factors in hospitals. The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk factors for WMSDs in office worker at the hospital. The design of this study was cross sectional with a semi-quantitative approach. Total technique aside to get 50 respondents. The research instrument used was a questionnaire, ROSA check sheets for work posture, and anthropometric measuring instruments. Data analysis using chi-square test. The results of this study found that 70% of workers had WMSDS complaints. There is a relationship between work factor, namely work posture, individual factors, namely gender and physical activity, psychosocial factors, namely work stress and anxiety, and organization factor, namely occupational health service. Occupational health services in hospital for WMSDs need to be improved so that workers understand WMSDs risk factors and able to control WMSDS in workplace

Abstrak:

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) merupakan gangguan perkembangan neurologis yang memengaruhi interaksi sosial, komunikasi dan perilaku seseorang. Penyandang ASD di Indonesia saat ini berkisar 2,4 juta.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh strategi coping terhadap kualitas hidup keluarga. Penelitian kualitatif ini menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus yang dilakukan di Biro Psikologi BIG, DKJ dengan 4 orang tua yang memiliki anak ASD dan 2 informan kunci yang merupakan tokoh komunitas dan konselor di biro psikologi BIG. Hasil wawancara mendalam menunjukkan tidak semua orang tua memiliki pengetahuan dan penerimaan terhadap kondisi autisme. Sebagian besar keluarga memiliki sumber daya ekonomi yang baik sehingga mampu mengakses layanan terapi dan pendidikan. Sebagian orang tua mendapatkan dukungan keluarga dan komunitas. Seluruh keluarga menggunakan dua strategi coping saat menghadapi situasi sulit. Coping yang berfokus pada masalah terlihat melalui upaya konkrit mencari bantuan profesional dan fokus pada pemecahan masalah seperti konseling, terapi dan menyekolahkan anak di sekolah khusus, sedangkan coping yang berfokus pada emosi terlihat melalui aktivitas berdoa, beribadah, me time atau mencari hiburan. Kualitas hidup keluarga sangat dipengaruhi oleh interaksi antara personal attributes dan stable environment attributes.

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Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects a person's social interaction, communication, and behavior. In Indonesia, the prevalence of ASD is estimated at 2.4 million individuals. This study aimed to explore the coping strategies and their impact on the quality of life of families. This qualitative study employed a case study approach conducted at the Psychology Bureau BIG, Jakarta, involving four parents of children with ASD and two key informants (a community leader and a counselor at the Psychology Bureau BIG). In-depth interviews revealed that not all parents knew about the causes of autism; two families had good acceptance of their child's ASD condition, while two others were still in denial. Most families had good economic resources, enabling them to access therapy and education services. Some parents received support from family and community. All families used both problem-focused and emotion-focused coping strategies when facing difficulties. Problem-focused coping was evident in concrete efforts such as seeking professional help and focusing on problem-solving, including counseling, therapy, and enrolling the child in special schools. Meanwhile, emotion-focused coping was observed through activities like praying, worshiping, self-care activities, or seeking entertainment. The interaction between personal attributes and stable environment attributes significantly influenced the family's quality of life.