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Tanjungpinang is a city endemic to Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) wheremosquitos fogging is widely used as dengue precautionary measure. This steam-up technique employs motorized machine that produces noise exceeds 90 dB.Noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) is one of the occupational diseases commonlyfound at workplaces. NIHL is associated with noise dose exposure, over 5 yearsof service, age above 40 years, smoking habit, use of personal protectiveequipment (PPE), disease related hearing loss and noise related hobbies .This is a cross-sectional analytic study where data was obtained by questionnairesand audiometric tests. Univariate and bivariate statistics were utilized for dataanalysis. Noise related factor variables that cause hearing lossarewere statistically tested with Fisher's Exact Test. Fogging workers with noise doseexposure below threshold value was 87.5%, where as prevalence of hearing lossamong fogging workers was 5%. No significant correlation is found between testresults and noise related factor variables which are noise dose exposure, years ofservice, age, smoking habit, use of personal protective equipment, disease relatedhearing loss and noise related hobbies.
Gangguan pendengaran karena bising merupakan salah satu penyakit akibat kerja yang sering ditemui pada perusahaan manufaktur. Hazard yang bisa menyebabkan gangguan pendengaran meliputi bising, zat kimia dan getaran. Ruang lingkup penelitian tesis ini adalah melihat dampak pajanan bising terhadap fungsi pendengaran pekerja yang terpajan bising diatas 82 dBA. Jenis penelitian adalah cross sectional study yang meneliti hubungan faktor independen berupa dosisi pajanan dalam perhitungan leq, umur dan masa kerja serta faktor penggangu berupa pemakaian alat pelindung diri serta kebiasaan dengan fungsi pendengaran pekerja. Dari survei tingkat bising ditemukan departemen PVC, CDM, CDS dan CDB mempunyai tingkat kebisingan diatas nilai ambang batas yang diperbolehkan.
Hasil pemeriksaan audiometri ditemukan dua orang responden yang mengalami gangguan pendengaran. Responden yang mengalami gangguan pendengaran satu orang berumur diatas 40 tahun, bekerja pada ruangan PVC dimana merupakan tingkat pajanan bising tertinggi di pabrik ini dan sudah bekerja selama lebih dari 5 tahun. Responden yang mengalami gangguan pendengaran lainnya merupakan pekerja yang berumur dibawah 40 tahun dan sudah bekerja selama lebih dari 5 tahun. Dari hasil analisis statistik tidak ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara Leq pajanan bising, faktor masa kerja, pemakaian alat pelindung diri dan kebiasaan merokok dengan gangguan pendengaran. Ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara umur dan gangguan pendengaran dengan OD ratio 7.99.
Noise induced hearing loss is one of the occupational diseases are often found in manufacturing companies. Hazard that can cause hearing loss include noise, chemicals and vibration. The scope of this thesis research on the impact of noise exposure on hearing function of workers exposed to noise above 82 dBA. This type of research is a cross-sectional study examining the relationship be an independent factor in the noise dose exposure (leq), age and working period and disturbance factors such as the use of personal protective equipment, smoking with hearing function. From the survey found noise levels PVC department, CDM, CDS and CDB have noise levels above the permitted threshold value.
Audiometric examination found two participant who suffered from hearing loss. Respondents who suffered from hearing loss a person aged over 40 years, working on PVC indoor noise exposure level which is the highest in the plant and it has been working for more than 5 years. Other participant who suffered from hearing loss is under the age of 40 years and has been working for more than 5 years. From the analysis found no statistically significant relationship between Leq noise exposure, working period, the use of personal protective equipment and smoking with hearing loss. Found a significant relationship between age and hearing loss with OD ratio 7.99.
Noise level in Water Treatment Plant (WTP) is high enough. Increasing the need for clean water in line with the increasing population, making the Water Supply Company (PDAM) is required to increase production capacity. There are machines and production processes that have different characteristics than other types of industries. There are 306 PDAMs throughout Indonesia, the potential number of workers exposed to noise is very large, it is necessary to further investigate the relationship between noise characteristics and its determinants to hearing loss to PDAM workers to obtain the most appropriate form of control. This study used a cross sectional study design. The stages of this study are to measure the noise level and provide questionnaires as primary data, analyzing the worker audiometric results as secondary data and using Chi Square statistical test and multi determinant analysis to find out the relationship between independent and dependent variables. The results obtained that the source of noise in water treatment plants are pumps, exhaust fan, compressor, blower, vacuum and waterfall. About 84.4% of workers in the production area exposed to noise > 85 dBA. About 15.6% of workers have hearing loss. It is concluded that exposure workers over 85 dBA with dominant noise frequency > 2000 Hz can cause hearing impairment and aggravate if workers are > 40 years old and have a working life > 14 years. Key words: Noise, Water supply company, Hearing loss, Noise frequency
Petugas pengasapan berisiko terpajan insektisida, dosis pajanan insektisida akan bertambah jika selama proses pengasapan para petugas ini berperilaku tidak sehat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan faktor determinan perilaku kerja petugas pengasapan. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional, semua petugas pengasapan yang berjumlah 37 orang dijadikan sampel. Data yang diambil merupakan data primer dari kuesioner, dianalisis dengan regresi logistik untuk mengetahui variabel yang dominan menimbulkan perilaku tidak sehat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variabel perilaku. Petugas Puskesmas sebagai pengawas pengasapan merupakan variabel yang paling dominan disamping variabel waktu kerja dan ketersediaan fasilitas APD yang juga mempunyai hubungan dengan perilaku petugas pengasapan. Disarankan kepada Dinas Kesehatan agar memberikan pelatihan dan fasilitas memadai kepada petugas puskesmas, menyediakan anggaran untuk melengkapi fasilitas APD, memberikan pelatihan kepada petugas pengasapan dengan masa kerja belum lama, dan mengembangkan SOP pengasapan. Kepada Petugas Puskesmas agar memberikan pengawasan yang ketat dan mamberi contoh yang baik kepada para petugas pengasapan. Kepada petugas pengasapan agar dapat mencontoh petugas puskesmas yang berprilaku baik.
Fogging personnel face the risk of being exposed to insecticides, the dosage of insecticides exposure would increase if, during the fogging process the personnel behave unhealthy. This research aims to obtain the behavior determinants of fogging personnel. The design of this research is cross-sectional, a total number of 37 fogging personnel were used as samples. The data used asprimary data obtained from questionnaires, analyzed using logistic regression to discover which dominant variable stimulates unhealthy behavior. The research result reveals that the variable Public Health Center Officers? behavior as fogging supervisor is the most dominant factor aside from work time and availability of PPE facilities, both also have a relation towards the behavior of fogging personnel. For the Health Department, it is advised to provide training and adequate facilities for Public Health Center officer, provide the budget to ramp-up PPE facilities, provide training to inexperienced fogging personnel, and also to develop an SOP for fogging. For Public Health Center officer, it is advised to conduct strict controls and also to provide prime examples for the fogging personnel. For the fogging personnel, it is advised to follow Public Health Center offcer that showcase good conduct.
Kata Kunci: gangguan pendengaran, pajanan kebisingan, usia, masa kerja, pekerja industri
Exposure to noise is the most common cause of hearing loss, leading to noise induced hearing loss (NIHL). This study evaluated hearing loss associated with noise exposure related to age, length of employment, length of exposure, the use of personal protective equipment, smoking habits, hobbies associated noise and diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia and hypertension in workers. This is a cross-sectional observational study examined the independent variable, the dependent variable, and confounding variables at the same time. Using the company secondary data, through observation, measurement and questionnaire. Noise measurement results indicate that the potential area of potential noise is 63 dBA as the lowest noise and the highest is 110, 6 dBA, field noise level area ranging from 84.88 - 93 dBA. Nonfield noise area 79.5 dBA. Exposure effective noise below 80 dBA, either in the field or nonfield area; 7.1% of workers worked > 20 years, working life > 20 years, the hearing loss of workers 5.6%, workers aged > 40 years 40 is 5%. 42.9% of workers have a smoking habit, not found a relationship between smoking behavior with hearing loss. HPD consumption levels in workers earned as much as 90.5% of the workers who always wear APT, there is no relationship between the use of HPD with hearing loss. There were no relationship between hobby with hearing loss. As well as no relationship found between workers health status such as lipid profile (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides), worker glucose blood levels and blood pressure with hearing loss.
Keywords: hearing loss, noise exposure, age, years of service, industry workers
