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Rumiris Feronika Simaremare; Pembimbing: Chandra Satrya; Penguji: Zulkifli Djunaidi, Indri Hapsari Susilowati, Trisnajaya, Masjuli
Abstrak:
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan penilaian terhadap pajanan tekanan panasdi workshop pembuatan batik yang terletak di Kecamatan Mauk, Tangerang.Sebanyak 84% dari pekerja yang diwawancarai mengeluh tentang suhu lingkungankerja yang dirasa terlalu panas, meskipun dalam hal ini sudah terdapat pengendalianterhadap tekanan panas yang terpasang pada bangunan. Penilaian didasarkan pada tigakriteria menurut Worksafe BC 2007, yakni faktor lingkungan, faktor pekerja, danfaktor pekerjaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Indeks Suhu Basah dan Bola(ISBB) di luar ruangan (outdoor) lebih tinggi dibanding ISBB di dalam ruangan(indoor) dan indeks panas berada pada area berbahaya dengan level risiko tinggi.Hasil observasi faktor pekerja yang meliputi aklimatisasi, status hidrasi dan pakaiankerja tidak menunjukkan adanya upaya pengendalian yang dilakukan. Demikian jugahasil observasi pada faktor pekerjaan yakni beban kerja dan pola kerja tidakmenunjukkan adanya pengendalian administratif yang diupayakan dalam menanganikeluhan terhadap pajanan tekanan panas ini. Penurunan tingkat risiko pajanan tekananpanas diharapkan dapat dilakukan dengan modifikasi pengendalian teknis,mengupayakan pengendalian administratif serta penggunaan pakaian kerja yangsesuai dengan lingkungan kerja dengan pajanan tekanan panas.
The aim of this study was to make an assessment of the heat stress exposure in a BatikWorkshop located at Kecamatan Mauk, Tangerang. 84% of interviewed workerscomplained about the working environment temperature that tends to be very hot,although the building already has a built-up control to heat stress. The assessment isbased on three criteria by Worksafe BC 2007 that is environmental, worker, and workfactors. The result showed that the Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) outdoorhigher than indoor, and the heat index is at dangerous area with a high risk level.Observation on worker (acclimatization, hydratin and clothing) and work (work loadand work rate) factors did not show any control measures undertaken. The level ofrisk can be reduced by modification of engineering control, administrative control andthe proper personal protective equipment (clothing).
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The aim of this study was to make an assessment of the heat stress exposure in a BatikWorkshop located at Kecamatan Mauk, Tangerang. 84% of interviewed workerscomplained about the working environment temperature that tends to be very hot,although the building already has a built-up control to heat stress. The assessment isbased on three criteria by Worksafe BC 2007 that is environmental, worker, and workfactors. The result showed that the Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) outdoorhigher than indoor, and the heat index is at dangerous area with a high risk level.Observation on worker (acclimatization, hydratin and clothing) and work (work loadand work rate) factors did not show any control measures undertaken. The level ofrisk can be reduced by modification of engineering control, administrative control andthe proper personal protective equipment (clothing).
T-4746
Depok : FKM UI, 2016
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Nurul Puspita; Pembimbing: L. Meily Kurniawidjaja; Penguji: Doni Hikmat Ramdhan, Istiati Suraningsih
Abstrak:
Pekerja di pabrik pembuatan gong Bogor berisiko mengalami tekanan panas yang berasal dari tungku pembakaran. Tujuan dari penelitian yaitu untuk memperoleh gambaran keluhan kesehatan akibat tekanan panas. Penelitian dilakukan pada 18 pekerja dengan desain studi deskriptif cross-sectional pada bulan Juni 2016. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan indeks WBGT di ruang produksi melebihi nilai ambang batas yang diperkenankan dan pekerja mengalami tekanan panas. Keluhan paling dominan yang dirasakan pekerja yaitu banyak berkeringat, cepat haus dan lelah, tidak nyaman dalam bekerja, kulit terasa panas, dan kulit terasa perih kemerahan. Pabrik disarankan memperbaiki lingkungan kerja untuk meminimalisasi keluhan kesehatan dan risiko gangguan kesehatan akibat tekanan panas.
Kata kunci : Tekanan panas, keluhan kesehatan
Employees of gong factory in Bogor had a risk to experience heat stress from furnace. The aim of this study is to obtain an explanation of health complaint due to heat stress. The subject of the study was 18 employees, and the method used was cross-sectional descriptive study on July 2016. The study found that WBGT index in production area exceeded threshold value, therefore the employees experienced heat stress. The most dominant complaint from the employees were easily getting perspire, thirsty, tired, uncomfortable in working, hot skin, and sore skin redness. The factory was suggested to improve a better work environment to minimize health complaint and risk of heat-related illness.
Key words: Heat Stress, Health Complaint
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Kata kunci : Tekanan panas, keluhan kesehatan
Employees of gong factory in Bogor had a risk to experience heat stress from furnace. The aim of this study is to obtain an explanation of health complaint due to heat stress. The subject of the study was 18 employees, and the method used was cross-sectional descriptive study on July 2016. The study found that WBGT index in production area exceeded threshold value, therefore the employees experienced heat stress. The most dominant complaint from the employees were easily getting perspire, thirsty, tired, uncomfortable in working, hot skin, and sore skin redness. The factory was suggested to improve a better work environment to minimize health complaint and risk of heat-related illness.
Key words: Heat Stress, Health Complaint
S-9117
Depok : FKM UI, 2016
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Dini Rizkon Nurhasanah; Pembimbing: Syahrul M. Meizar; Penguji: Tejamaya Mila, Trisnajaya
Abstrak:
Kombinasi dari faktor lingkungan kerja, faktor pekerjaan, faktor pakaian,serta faktor karakteristik individu dapat menyebabkan tekanan panas (heat stress)bagi pekerja water blasting dan AFR di area preheater industri semen PT.X.Tekanan panas memiliki potensi untuk menyebabkan gangguan kesehatan (heatrelated disorders) yang diawali respon fisiologis tubuh (heat strain) berupa gejalayang dirasakan secara subjektif oleh responden. Penelitian ini menggunakanmetode observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional.
Dari hasil penelitian inidiketahui bahwa terdapat 24 pekerja (100%) water blasting dan 19 pekerja AFR(52,8%) mengalami tekanan panas. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwaterdapat 7 keluhan yang dirasakan oleh >50% responden yaitu banyakmengeluarkan keringat (100%), merasa cepat haus (100%), kulit terasa panas(83,3%), merasa cepat lelah (66,7%), lemas (66,7%), tidak nyaman (65%), danmerasa pusing atau berkunang-kunang (51,7%). Berdasarkan hal tersebut, perlu dilakukan pengendalian baik secara teknis, administratif, maupun personal untukmeminimalisasi keluhan dan risiko kesehatan akibat tekanan panas
Kata Kunci:Tekanan Panas, Keluhan Subjektif, Pekerja Water Blasting dan AFR.
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Dari hasil penelitian inidiketahui bahwa terdapat 24 pekerja (100%) water blasting dan 19 pekerja AFR(52,8%) mengalami tekanan panas. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwaterdapat 7 keluhan yang dirasakan oleh >50% responden yaitu banyakmengeluarkan keringat (100%), merasa cepat haus (100%), kulit terasa panas(83,3%), merasa cepat lelah (66,7%), lemas (66,7%), tidak nyaman (65%), danmerasa pusing atau berkunang-kunang (51,7%). Berdasarkan hal tersebut, perlu dilakukan pengendalian baik secara teknis, administratif, maupun personal untukmeminimalisasi keluhan dan risiko kesehatan akibat tekanan panas
Kata Kunci:Tekanan Panas, Keluhan Subjektif, Pekerja Water Blasting dan AFR.
S-9137
Depok : FKM UI, 2016
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Raihan Alhafidz Nurrudin; Pembimbing: Hendra; Penguji: Abdul Kadir, Rizki Rahmawati
Abstrak:
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Anomali suhu udara Indonesia pada bulan September 2023 merupakan nilai anomali tertinggi ke-4 sepanjang periode pengamatan sejak 1981. Dengan meningkatnya suhu udara ditambah kompleksitas proses di industri manufaktur pabrik pembuatan pupuk dapat meningkatkan permasalahan kesehatan pekerja berupa penyakit akibat pajanan panas yang ditandai dengan munculnya keluhan subjektif kesehatan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis faktor-faktor risiko tekanan panas dan hubungannya dengan keluhan subjektif kesehatan pada pekerja pabrik pembuatan pupuk di PT X tahun 2024. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan desain studi cross-sectional dan menggunakan data primer yang didapatkan pada rentang bulan Mei-Juni 2024. Sampel yang diambil adalah sebanyak 233 orang pekerja yang dibedakan menjadi 3 sub-populasi berdasarkan karakteristik pekerjaannya. Hasil penelitian pada sub-populasi pertama menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan signifikan antara kejadian tekanan panas dan keluhan subjektif (p-value: 0,033 OR: 2,39). Adapun faktor yang berhubungan dengan keluhan subjektif antara lain status aklimatisasi (p-value: 0,005) dan status hidrasi (p-value: 0,035). Hasil penelitian pada sub-populasi kedua menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan signifikan antara kejadian tekanan panas dan keluhan subjektif (p-value: 0,032 OR: 5,57). Hasil penelitian pada sub-populasi ketiga menunjukkan bahwa seluruh pekerja (100%) mengalami kejadian tekanan panas dengan pekerja yang mengalami keluhan subjektif berat sebanyak 49%. adapun faktor yang berhubungan dengan keluhan subjektif antara lain status aklimatisasi (p-value: 0,005) dan status hidrasi (p-value: 0,026). Secara keseluruhan, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kejadian tekanan panas dengan keluhan subjektif di pabrik pembuatan pupuk PT. X. faktor-faktor lainnya yang berhubungan dengan keluhan subjektif adalah status aklimatisasi dan status hidrasi. Faktor yang paling berpengaruh pada penelitian ini adalah status aklimatisasi dan lingkungan kerja dengan ISBB tinggi dilihat dari kejadian tekanan panas. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan pengendalian administrasi seperti memulai pekerjaan dengan beban kerja yang tidak terlalu berat untuk pekerja yang telah melakukan cuti lebih dari 7 hari, dan pengendalian teknik seperti perbaikan sistem ventilasi pada area kerja dan barak pekerja.
The Indonesian air temperature anomaly in September 2023 was the 4th highest anomaly value throughout the observation period since 1981. The increase in air temperature plus the complexity of the process in the fertilizer manufacturing industry, can increase worker health problems in the form of diseases due to heat exposure which are characterized by the emergence of subjective health complaints. The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk factors for heat stress and their relationship to subjective health complaints in fertilizer factory workers at PT X in 2024. This study was conducted using a cross-sectional study design and using primary data obtained in the period May-June 2024. The sample taken was 233 workers who were divided into 3 sub-populations based on their job characteristics. The results of the study in the first sub-population showed that there was a significant relationship between the occurrence of heat stress and subjective complaints (p-value: 0.033 OR: 2.39). The factors related to subjective complaints include acclimatization status (p-value: 0.005) and hydration status (p-value: 0.035). The results of the study on the second subpopulation showed that there was a significant relationship between the occurrence of heat stress and subjective complaints (p-value: 0.032 OR: 5.57). The results of the study on the third subpopulation showed that all workers (100%) experienced heat stress with workers experiencing severe subjective complaints as many as 49%. The factors related to subjective complaints include acclimatization status (p-value: 0.005) and hydration status (p-value: 0.026). Overall, there is a significant relationship between the occurrence of heat stress and subjective complaints at the PT. X fertilizer factory. Other factors related to subjective complaints are acclimatization status and hydration status. The most influential factors in this study were acclimatization status and a work environment with high ISBB seen from the occurrence of heat stress. Therefore, administrative control is needed such as starting work with a workload that is not too heavy for workers who have been on leave for more than 7 days, and engineering control such as improving the ventilation system in the work area and worker barracks.
S-11689
Depok : FKM UI, 2024
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Tiara Ratnanig Pamungkas; Pembimbing: Zulkifli Djunaidi; Penguji: L. Meily Kurniawidjaja, Hanny Harjulianti
S-7911
Depok : FKM UI, 2013
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Atiq Amanah Retna Palupi; Pembimbing: Doni Hikmat Ramdhan; Penguji: Indri Hapsari Susilowati, Ridwan Zahdi Sjaaf, Suryo Bayu Aji
Abstrak:
Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh tekanan panasterhadap fisiologis dan psikologis pekerja di PT XYZ Tahun 2016. Unitusaha utama PT XYZ yakni part otomotif dengan kegiatan press & welding.Respon fisiologis pekerja welding terhadap tekanan panas yakni peningkatansuhu, denyut nadi dan perubahan nilai berat jenis urine. Nilai Indeks tekananpanas dengan ISBB melebihi nilai ambang. Nilai Indeks Thermal Work Limitberada pada area tidak berbahaya. Analisis data dengan uji t dependent danindependent, didapatkan nilai p < 0,005. Keluhan subyektif pekerja weldingsebagai respon psikologis. Yakni adanya rasa haus, kulit berkeringat/lembab,adanya biang keringat, kejang/kram otot selaras dengan hasil pengukuranyakni adanya peningkatan denyut nadi, suhu dan berat jenis urin.
This study aimed to analyze the effect of heat stress on thephysiological and psychological workers at PT XYZ Year 2016. The businessunit of PT XYZ namely automotive parts with the activities of the press andwelding. Welding worker's physiological response to heat stress that anincrease in temperature, pulse and urine specific gravity value changes. Heatstress index value with WBGT exceeds the threshold value. Thermal WorkLimit Value Index is in the area is not dangerous. Data were analyzed bydependent and independent t test, p value < 0.005. Subjective complaints ofworkers welding as a psychological response. Namely their thirst, skin sweat/ moisture, their prickly heat, cramps / muscle cramps in tune with themeasurement results to an increase in pulse rate, temperature and specificgravity of urine.
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This study aimed to analyze the effect of heat stress on thephysiological and psychological workers at PT XYZ Year 2016. The businessunit of PT XYZ namely automotive parts with the activities of the press andwelding. Welding worker's physiological response to heat stress that anincrease in temperature, pulse and urine specific gravity value changes. Heatstress index value with WBGT exceeds the threshold value. Thermal WorkLimit Value Index is in the area is not dangerous. Data were analyzed bydependent and independent t test, p value < 0.005. Subjective complaints ofworkers welding as a psychological response. Namely their thirst, skin sweat/ moisture, their prickly heat, cramps / muscle cramps in tune with themeasurement results to an increase in pulse rate, temperature and specificgravity of urine.
T-4595
Depok : FKM UI, 2016
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Franciskus Hutasoit; Pembimbing: Chandra Satrya; Penguji: Robiana Modjo, Ellen Happy Forever
S-6755
Depok : FKM UI, 2011
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Zarah Defi Saputri; Pembimbing: Hendra; Penguji: Doni Hikmat Ramdhan, Elsye As Safira
S-8195
Depok : FKM UI, 2014
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Aji Dwi Yuniarso; Pembimbing: Sjahrul Meizar Nasri; Penguji: Hendra, Mila Tejamaya, Muthia Ashifa, Listya Eka Anggraini
Abstrak:
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Penggunaan bahan kimia berbahaya seperti formaldehida, fenol, dan senyawa azo dalam industri pewarna tekstil menimbulkan risiko serius terhadap kesehatan pekerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat risiko kesehatan akibat pajanan bahan kimia di Industri Pewarna Tekstil PT X tahun 2025. Metode yang digunakan adalah penilaian risiko kesehatan berbasis pendekatan Chemical Health Risk Assessment (CHRA) dari DOSH Malaysia, penilaian dilakukan terhadap dua rute pajanan yaitu inhalasi dan dermal dengan menilai Hazard Rating (HR) untuk menentukan tingkat bahaya bahan kimia berdasarkan sifat toksikologi, Exposure Rating (ER) untuk menilai frekuensi, durasi, dan intensitas pajanan melalui inhalasi dan dermal, serta Risk Rating (RR) sebagai hasil dari HR dikalikan dengan ER. Metode pengumpulan data mencakup observasi lapangan, wawancara, dan kuesioner terhadap pekerja produksi dan laboratorium. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar bahan kimia tergolong dalam kategori risiko tinggi dengan jalur pajanan utama melalui inhalasi dan dermal. Data klinik menunjukkan tingginya kasus ISPA pada pekerja. Evaluasi mengindikasikan bahwa pengendalian yang diterapkan belum sepenuhnya memadai. Rekomendasi mencakup peningkatan sistem pengendalian teknis, administratif, dan pelatihan pekerja. Penilaian ini menjadi dasar penting dalam upaya pencegahan penyakit akibat kerja dan peningkatan program K3.
The use of hazardous chemicals such as formaldehyde, phenol, and azo compounds in the textile dye industry poses serious risks to workers' health. This study aims to analyze the level of health risk due to chemical exposure in the Textile Dye Industry of PT X in 2025. The method used is a health risk assessment based on the Chemical Health Risk Assessment (CHRA) approach from DOSH Malaysia, the assessment is carried out on two routes of exposure, namely inhalation and dermal by assessing the Hazard Rating (HR) to determine the level of chemical hazard based on toxicological properties, Exposure Rating (ER) to assess the frequency, duration, and intensity of exposure through inhalation and dermal, and Risk Rating (RR) as the result of HR multiplied by ER. Data collection methods include field observations, interviews, and questionnaires with production and laboratory workers. The results showed that most chemicals are classified as high-risk with the main exposure routes through inhalation and dermal. Clinical data showed high cases of ARI in workers. The evaluation indicated that the controls implemented were not fully adequate. Recommendations include improving the technical, administrative, and worker training control systems. This assessment is an important basis for efforts to prevent work-related diseases and improve K3 programs.
T-7374
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Rizki Rahmawati; Pembimbing: Mila Tejamaya; Penguji: Hendra, Fitri Kurniasari, Elsye As Safira, Emanuel Eko Haryanto
Abstrak:
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Industri pupuk memiliki peran strategis dalam mendukung ketahanan pangan nasional, meskipun tetap menghadapi risiko kesehatan pekerja akibat pajanan Bahan Berbahaya dan Beracun (B3). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat risiko kesehatan (Risk Rating/RR) terkait pajanan bahan kimia pada pekerja di industri pupuk tahun 2024. Penilaian risiko kesehatan dilakukan menggunakan Chemical Health Risk Assessment (CHRA) yang dikembangkan oleh Departemen Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH), Malaysia (2018). Penilaian meliputi aktivitas bongkar muat bahan kimia, pengambilan sampel laboratorium, dan penambahan bahan penolong, dengan jalur pajanan inhalasi dan dermal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada aktivitas bongkar muat, tingkat risiko inhalasi dan dermal berkisar dari sedang hingga berat (RR inhalasi bernilai 9-15; RR dermal bernilai M1 dan H1). Aktivitas pengambilan sampel menunjukkan tingkat risiko inhalasi sedang hingga berat (RR bernilai 6-10) dan tingkat risiko dermal sedang (RR bernilai M1). Pada aktivitas penambahan bahan penolong, tingkat risiko inhalasi sedang (RR bernilai 9-10) dan risiko dermal sedang hingga berat (RR bernilai M1 dan H1). Pengendalian risiko yang ada di PT X belum cukup efektif, sehingga tindakan perbaikan yang direkomendasikan meliputi: evaluasi substitusi penggunaan gas klorin, desain ulang stasiun pengisian asam sulfat, mechanical integrity untuk peralatan kritis, penggunaan alat bantu pengambilan sampel bahan kimia cair, menyusun instruksi kerja dan memberikan pelatihan terkait bahaya dan pengendalian bahan kimia, konsistensi penggunaan alat pelindung diri (APD), menerapkan respiratory protection program secara menyeluruh, kesiapan menghadapi keadaan darurat, pemantauan pajanan secara personal, dan pemeriksaan kesehatan secara berkala bagi pekerja non organik yang terpajan bahan kimia. Implementasi rekomendasi ini diharapkan dapat menurunkan tingkat risiko kesehatan terkait bahan kimia pada pekerja di industri pupuk.
The fertilizer industry has a strategic role in supporting national food security, although it still faces workers' health risks due to exposure to hazardous and toxic substances (B3). This study aims to analyze the level of health risk (Risk Rating/RR) related to chemical exposure to workers in the fertilizer industry in 2024. The health risk assessment was carried out using the Chemical Health Risk Assessment (CHRA) developed by the Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH), Malaysia (2018). The assessment includes chemical loading and unloading activities, taking laboratory samples, and adding adjuvants, with inhalation and dermal exposure routes. The research results show that in loading and unloading activities, the level of inhalation and dermal risk ranges from moderate to severe (inhalation RR is 9-15; dermal RR is M1 and H1). Sampling activities indicate a moderate to severe inhalation risk level (RR value 6-10) and a moderate dermal risk level (RR value M1). In the activity of adding adjuvants chemical, the level of inhalation risk is moderate (RR is 9-10) and the dermal risk is moderate to severe (RR is M1 and H1). Existing risk control at PT X is inadequate, so the following corrective actions are recommended: evaluating alternatives to chlorine gas, redesigning the sulfuric acid filling station, mechanical integrity for critical equipment, using liquid chemical sampling aids, compiling work instructions, and providing hazardous and chemical control training. For non-organic workers who are exposed to chemicals, it is important to use personal protection equipment (PPE) consistently, respiratory protection program, be prepared for emergencies, monitor personal exposure, and have frequent health tests. The implementation of these guidelines is likely to reduce chemical-related health risks for fertilizer industry personnel.
T-7027
Depok : FKM UI, 2024
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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