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Tuberculosis remains a major problem of public health in Indonesia, both in terms of prevalence and other problems it causes. An attempt of the tuberculosis prevention is still underway. But along the way there are a lot of obstacles in it, one of which is a phenomenon of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). This study intended to find the factors that affecting the MDR-TB. The design study is a case-controland the population is patients with TB at RSUP Persahabatan in 2013.
Dengan semakin meningkatnya usia harapan hidup di Indonesia maka populasi usia Ianjut pun semakin bertambah. Menjalani masa tua dengan bahagia dan sejahtera merupakan dambaan semua orang. Keadaan ini hanya dapat dicapai bila merasa sehat secara fisik, mental (jiwa) dan sosial. Berkaitan dengan kesehatan jiwa ini salah satunya adalah penyakit dcpresi. Depresi mcrupakan pcnyakit gangguanjiwa dengan prevalensi terbesar pada usia lanjut dan dan diperkirakan sampai 40% tidak terdiagnosa padahal dengan diagnosa awal dan terapi segera dapat menaikkan kualilas hidup, status fungsional dan mencegah kematian dini pada usia lanjut. Untuk mengctahui apa pcnycbabnya maka dilakukan penelitian ini yang bertujuan untuk mcngctahui faktor-faktor risiko yang bcrhubungan dcngan dcprcsi pada usia lanjut di wilayah Jabodetabek (Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang dan Bekasi). Metodologi pada penelitian ini merupakan disain kasus kontrol dengan menggunakan data sekunder melalui penelusuran rekam medik pasien gcriatri di poli geriatri rumah sakil Cipro Mangunkusumo pada tahun 2006 - tahun 2008. Populasi penelilian adalah seluruh pasien usia lanjut di poli geriatri rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo. Sampel adalah pasien usia Ianjur di poli geriatri RSUPN-CM yang menderila diagnosa depresinya dan telah ditegakkan diagnosanya oleh departemen psikiatri RSUPN-CM scbagai kasus dan kontrol adalah pasien usia Ianjut di poli geriatri RSUPN-CM yang tidak depresi. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini 105 kasus dan 2I0 kontrol. Entri data, pengolahan dan analisis data menggunakan SPSS Hasil penelitian mcnunjukkan bahwa variabel yang berhubungan dengan kejadian depresi pada usia lanjum adalah kcmandirian (OR = 2,008. 95% Cl I,239 - 3253) dan dukungan sosial (OR = l_724_ 95% C`| 1.065 - 2.79l). Variabel kemandirian merupakan variabel yang lebih kuat pengaruhnya terhadap kejadian depresi dibandingkan variabel dukungan sosial. Variabel yang tidak berhubungan dengan kqiadian depresi pada usia lanjut adalah usia, jcnis kclamin. status perkawinan, tingkat pendidikan, obat resep dokter yang diminum rutin, kegiatan keagamaan, keadaan ekonomi dan riwayar pekerjaan. Dari temuan pada penelitian ini disarankan untuk mcningkatkan pembinaan dan pcrhatian lerhadap kcbutuhan usia Ianjul agar usia Ianjut hidup mandiri, produktif dan tetap berperan aktif dalam kehidupan serta diperlukan penelitian kasus kontrol lanjutan dengan menggunakan sampel yang lebih besar.
With growing of a spark of life age in indonesia hence old age population even also progressively increase. Experiencing a period to old happyly and securc and prosperous is everybody hungering. This situations only can reach by if feeling lit by lisik. bouncing (social and mental). Relating to health of this head one of them is disease of depresi. Depresi is disease of head trouble with biggest prevalensi at old age and estimated until 40% do not diagnosa though with diagnosa early and therapy immediately can boost up the quality of lil' e, functional status and prevent death early at old age. To know what the cause of hence conducted by this research with aim to to know risk factors related to depresi at old age in region of Jabodetabek ( Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang and ol' Bekasi). Methodologies this research is to bc designed by case control by using data of sekunder through of patient sis record of geriatri in hospital geriatri poli of Cipto Mangunkusumo in the year 2006 - year 2008. Research population is entire old age patient in hospital geriatri poli of`Cipto Mangunkusumo. Sampel is old age patient in RSUPN-CM geriatri poli which suffering the diagnosa of him and have been upheld the by him of by psychiatry department of RSUPN-CM as control and case is old age patient in RSUPN-CM geriatri poli which do not depresi. Amount oi" sampel in this researchs t05 ease and 2I0 control. Data Entri, data analysis and processing use SPSS version I3.0. Research result indicatc that variable rclatcd to occurcncc of depresi at old age is independence ( OR = $2,008. 95% CI l,239 - 3,253) and social support ( OR = l.724. 95% Cl l.065 - 2,79l). independence variable is stronger variable ofinfluence of to occurcncc ofdepresi compared to social support variable. Variable which do not relate to occurence of depresi at old age is age, gender, marriage status. education level. drinkcd by doctor recipe drug is routine, religious activity. situation ofwork history and economics. Of finding at this research is suggested to improve attcntion and construction to requirement of old agc so that self-supponing life old age. ad for and remain to share active in life is and also needed by research of case control continuation by using larger ones sampel.
Kata kunci: Obesitas, Posbindu PTM, DKI Jakarta
Prevalence of obesity in DKI Jakarta Province is always above the national rate in every age group every year. This study aims to determine the frequency distribution of obesity and factors associated with obesity in participants Posbindu PTM age 15-64 years. The data used is secondary data, sample size 20161. This research is a quantitative research with cross sectional study design. The results of this study showed that the prevalence of obesity in this study was 57.1% which is a rough prevalence. The association relationship shows that there is a significant correlation between age variable, sex, marital status, physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption, smoking status with obesity occurrence at Posbindu PTM participants. Where participants were more at risk of having age between 24-44 years (PR 1.92, 95% CI 1.39 to 2.64), female sex (PR 1.27, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.34) , married (PR 1.46, 95% CI 1.22-1.75), lack of physical activity (PR 0.94, 95% CI 0.089-0.99), lack of consumption of vegetables and fruits (PR 1 , 06; 95% CI 1.00 to 1.12), and who had a smoking habit (PR 0.77; 95% CI 0.71-0.83). This research is expected to be a consideration in the development of Posbindu PTM program as an effort to reduce obesity rate in DKI Jakarta Province.
Keywords: Obesity, Posbindu PTM, DKI Jakarta
Cardiovascular disease is the number one cause of death from NCD, according to WHO in 2015 deaths from cardiovascular disease represent 31 17 million of total all deaths globally and 7.4 million are caused by CHD. In Indonesia, the increase in morbidity and mortality due to NCD has the greatest contribution from cardiovascular disease, where CHD is the highest prevalence of cardiovascular disease. CHD is caused by modifiable risk factors and unmodifiable risk factors. The prevalence of CHD can be controlled if risk factors can be controlled, considering there are risk factors from CHD that can be modified. DKI Jakarta becomes the second highest area with the prevalence of CHD in Indonesia. However, the relation between modifiable risk factors and CHD and the most dominant risk factors among them remains unknown in DKI Jakarta. The aim of this study is to know how the relation between some risk factors that can be modified with CHD in DKI Jakarta and find the most dominant risk factor associated with PJK by doing further analysis of data Posbindu PTM 2015 2018. This study used cross sectional design and the analysis was done until multivariate analysis stage using logistic regression test. From 30.459 respondents aged ge 15 years, the prevalence of CHD was 3.4. Smoking behavior p value 0,000 OR 6,53 95 CI 4,826 ndash 8,838 , physical inactivity p value 0,045 OR 0,745 95 CI 0,558 ndash 0,993, alcohol consumption p value 0,000 OR 3057,076 95 CI 1786,92-5230,06, diabetes mellitus, value 0,000 OR 0,161 95 CI 0,161 ndash 0,508, and hypertension p value 0,000 OR 0,284 95 CI 0,284 ndash 0,526 are factors that have significant relations with CHD. The dominant risk factor of CHD in DKI Jakarta is alcohol consumption. Promotive and preventive efforts are expected to be intensified in order to reduce the incidence of CHD and the need for further surveys related to alcohol consumption because alcohol consumption is the dominant factor in this study and according to the literature it has great effect on heart function damage.
