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Dwi Maniksulistya; Pembimbing: Haryoto Kusnoputranto; Penguji: Ririn Arminsih, Dwinda Ramadhoni, Diah Wati Soetojo
Abstrak: Balita merupakan populasi yang rentan terhadap PM 2,5 di udara dikarenakan sistemimun yang belum sempurna dan jalan napasnya yang masih sempit. PM 2,5 dapat masuksampai ke alveoli paru dan melemahkan sistem pertahanan lokal saluran pernapasansehingga menyebabkan pneumonia. Angka pneumonia di Kabupaten Kubu Raya,Kalimantan Barat masih cukup tinggi dengan jumlah kasus yang terbanyak di KecamatanSungai Raya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara PM 2,5 dalamudara ruang dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita. Metode penelitian yang digunakanadalah kasus kontrol. Total sampel sebanyak 120 sampel yang terdiri dari 60 kasus dan60 kontrol. Hasil penelitian didapatkan terdapat empat variabel yang berhubungan denganpneumonia pada balita yaitu PM 2,5 dalam udara ruang, kepadatan hunian, ventilasidapur, dan pencahayaan. PM 2,5 dalam udara ruang berhubungan dengan pneumoniapada balita setelah dikontrol dengan variabel ventilasi dapur, suhu, pencahayaan,penggunaan obat nyamuk bakar, kepadatan hunian, dan kebiasaan membuka jendeladengan OR sebesar 13,596.Kata kunci:pneumonia, balita, PM 2,5, pencemaran udara dalam ruangan
Toddlers are a population susceptible to PM 2.5 in the air due to the immune system thatis not perfect and the airway is still narrow. PM 2.5 can enter up to the pulmonary alveoliand weaken the respiratory system of the respiratory tract causing pneumonia. Thenumber of pneumonia in Kabupaten Kubu Ra ya, West Kalimantan is still quite high withthe highest number of cases in Sungai Raya District. The purpose of this study was todetermine the relationship between PM 2.5 in air space with the incidence of pneumoniain infants. The research method used is case control. A total sample of 120 samplesconsisting of 60 cases and 60 controls. The results showed that there were four variablesrelated to pneumonia in toddlers namely PM 2.5 in space air, occupancy density, kitchenventilation, and lighting. PM 2.5 in space air is associated with pneumonia in toddlersafter controlled with variables of kitchen ventilation, temperature, lighting, use ofmosquito coils, density, and the habit of opening windows with ORs of 13,596.Key words:pneumonia, toddler, PM 2.5, indoor air pollution.
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T-5426
Depok : FKM-UI, 2018
S2 - Tesis   Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Dortua Lince Sidabalok; Pembimbing: Budi Hartono; Penguji: Laila Fitria, Ririn Arminsih Wulandari, Didik Supriyono, Nining Sunengsih
Abstrak: Pneumonia merupakan penyebab kematian terbesar akibat infeksi pada balita di seluruh dunia, terutama di negara berkembang termasuk Indonesia. Polusi udara dalam ruangan menjadi salah satu faktor risiko yang mempengaruhi kejadian pneumonia disamping faktor individu dan infeksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara PM2,5 dalam udara ruang rumah dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita. Penelitian ini bersifat analitik observasional menggunakan desain studi kasus kontrol. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 78 balita dari wilayah kerja Puskesmas Citeureup yang terdiri dari 26 kasus dan 52 kontrol. Data penelitian dikumpulkan menggunakan alat mini particle counter dan kuesioner, serta dianalisis menggunakan chi square dan regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa status gizi (OR=12,14; 95%CI: 1,33-110,29), status imunisasi (OR=5,51; 95%CI: 1,82-16,69), ASI eksklusif (OR=3,89; 95%CI: 1,27-11,88), luas ventilasi (OR= 4,09; 95%CI: 1,43-11,75), dan kebiasaan merokok dalam rumah (OR=4,09; 95%CI: 1,51-11,12) berhubungan dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita. Konsentrasi PM2,5 dalam rumah berhubungan dengan pneumonia pada balita (aOR=4,092; 95%CI: 1,08-15,45) setelah dikontrol oleh status imunisasi, ASI eksklusif, luas ventilasi dan adanya orang yang merokok di dalam rumah.

Pneumonia is the major causes of death due to infection in children under five around the
world, especially in developing countries including Indonesia. Indoor air pollution is one
of the risk factors that increased the incidence of pneumonia besides individual factors
and infections. This study aimed to determine the relationship between indoor PM2,5 with
the incidence of pneumonia in children under five. This was an analytic observational
study with case control design. The sample study was 78 children under five selected
from working area of Puskesmas Citeureup consisted of 26 cases and 52 controls. The
data were collected by mini particle counter and a set of questionnaire, analyzed by chi
square and multiple logistic regression. The results showed that nutritional status
(OR=12.14; 95% CI: 1.33 to 110.29), immunization status (OR=5.51; 95% CI: 1.82 to
16.69), exclusive breastfeeding (OR=3.89; 95% CI: 1.27 to 11.88), ventilation (OR=4.09;
95% CI: 1.43 to 11.75), and smoking habits at home (OR=4.09; 95% CI: 1.51 to 11.12)
associated with the incidence of pneumonia. Indoor PM2.5 were associated with
pneumonia in children under five (aOR=4,092; 95%CI: 1.08 to 15.45) after being
controlled by immunization status, exclusive breastfeeding, ventilation and smoking
habits at home.
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T-5836
Depok : FKM-UI, 2020
S2 - Tesis   Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Wiyono; Pembimbing: Suyud Warno Utomo, Haryoto Kusnoputranto; Penguji: Margareta Maria Sintorini, Enny Wahyu Lestari
Abstrak: Filariasis atau kaki gajah ialah penyakit menular menahun yang disebabkan oleh infeksi cacing filaria dan ditularkan melalui gigitan berbagai jenis nyamuk. Penularan filariasis terjadi bila terdapat sumber penular yaitu manusia dan hewan (hospes), parasit (cacing filaria), vektor yaitu nyamuk yang infektif, manusia yang rentan, serta kondisi lingkungan yang sangat potensial untuk perkembang-biakan vektor, perilaku masyarakat yang berisiko lebih sering kontak dengan nyamuk. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis faktor risiko lingkungan dan dinamika penularan dengan kejadian filariasis. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian Analitik observasional dengan desain case-control menggunakan pendekatan study retrospektif yaitu untuk menganalisis efek penyakit atau status kesehatan pada saat ini dan mengukur besar faktor risiko yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian filariasis pada masa yang lalu. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 126 responden, dengan perbandingan kasus : kontrol (1:2), dilakukan dengan cara wawancara dan observasi. Hasil uji chi square menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan Keberadaan rawa (P:0,000;OR:5,200), Keberadaan sawah (P:0,041;OR:8,200), Keberadaan hutan semak (P:0,001;OR:6,460), Jenis Pekerjaan (P:0,000;OR:9,500), Tingkat Pengetahuan (P:0,000; OR:5,399), Kebiasaan keluar rumah malam hari (P:0,000;OR:7,300), Kebiasaan memakai obat anti nyamuk (P:0,004;OR:3,300), Kebiasaan menggunakan kelambu (P:0,000;OR:7,045), Keberadaan vektor (P:0,000;OR:7,263), dengan kejadian Filariasis, dan pada uji regresi logistic menunjukan faktor risiko paling signifikan Keberadaan hutan semak (P:0,002;OR:48,700), Jenis Pekerjaan (P:0,004;OR:39,919), Tingkat Pengetahuan (P:0,013;OR:11,206), Kebiasaan Keluar rumah malam hari (P:0,040;OR: 5,833), Kebiasaan memakai obat anti nyamuk (P:0,005;OR:10,680), dan Keberadaan vektor (P:0,005;OR:12,036) dengan kejadian Filariasis. Kesimpulan ada hubungan faktor risiko lingkungan dan dinamika penularan dengan kejadian Filariasis, sehingga perlu dilakukan upaya pencegahan dengan mengurangi faktor risiko dan edukasi kepada masyarakat tentang upaya promosi dan pencegahan penularan filariasis. Kata kunci: Filariasis, faktor risiko lingkungan, sosial, budaya, dinamika penularan, Kabupaten Kubu Raya. Filariasis or elephantiasis is a chronic infectious disease caused by filarial worm infection and is transmitted through the bite of various types of mosquitoes. Transmission of filariasis occurs when there is a transmitting source of humans and animals (the host), parasites (filari worms), vectors of infective mosquitoes, vulnerable humans, and potential environmental conditions for vector breeding, risky behavior of peoples more frequent contacts With mosquitoes. The purpose of the study was to analyze the environmental risk factors and the dynamics of transmission with filariasis incidence. This research method is observational analytic research with case-control design using retrospective study approach that is to analyze the effect of disease or health status at this time and measure big risk factor which have influence to filariasis incident in the past. The sample counted 126 respondents, with case comparison: control (1: 2), conducted by interview and observation. Chi-square test (P: 0,041, OR: 5,200), Presence of paddy field (P: 0,041, OR: 8,200), Presence of paddy field (P: 0,001, OR: 6,460), Type of Work (P: 0.000; OR: 9,500), Knowledge Level (P: 0,000; OR: 5,399), Nighttime out habits (P: 0,000; OR: 7,300), Habits of using anti-mosquito (P: 0,004; OR: 3,300), Habit (P: 0,000; OR: 7,045), presence of vector (P: 0,000; OR: 7,263), with occurrence of filariasis, and on logistic regression test showed the most significant risk factor Presence of bush forest (P: 0,002; OR: 48,700) (P: 0,004; OR: 39,919), Knowledge Level (P: 0,013; OR: 11,206), Night Out Habits (P: 0,040; OR: 5,833), Habits of using mosquito repellent (P: 0,005; OR: 10,680), and the presence of a vector (P: 0.005; OR: 12,036) with filariasis occurrence. Conclusion there is a relationship of environmental risk factors and the dynamics of transmission with filariasis occurrence, so it is necessary to do prevention efforts by reducing risk factors and education to the public about the promotion and prevention of filariasis transmission. Keywords: filariasis, environmental risk factors, social, culture, dynamics of transmission,Kubu Raya West Kalimantan.
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T-4891
Depok : FKM-UI, 2017
S2 - Tesis   Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Heni Wahyuni; Pembimbing: Doni Hikmat Ramdhan; Penguji: Robiana Modjo, Hermansyah
S-7150
Depok : FKM UI, 2012
S1 - Skripsi   Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Nabilah Putri Rahmita; Pembimbing: Budi Haryanto; Penguji: Laila Fitria, Retno Henderiawati
Abstrak:
Latar Belakang: Di Indonesia, pneumonia adalah salah satu penyakit menular penyumbang kematian balita. Faktor risiko pneumonia pada balita, antara lain kualitas udara, status imunisasi, dan status gizi balita. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara konsentrasi PM2,5, status imunisasi, dan status gizi dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita di 10 SPKU Daerah Khusus Jakarta tahun 2023 dengan data bulanan. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi ekologi berdasarkan tempat yang mencakup 10 kecamtan di Daerah Khusus Jakarta. Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara konsentrasi PM2,5 dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita di Kecamatan Menteng (p=0,005; r=0,751), Kecamatan Kalideres (p=0,028; r=-0,631), dan Kecamatan Tanjung Priok (p=0,031; r=-0,622). Hubungan status imunisasi dengan pneumonia pada balita di Kecamatan Cakung (r=-0,356) dan Jagakarsa (r=-0,343) artinya memiliki korelasi negatif sedang. Adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara status gizi dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita di Kecamatan Tanjung Priok (p=0,018; r=-0,665), Kalideres (p=0,018; r=0,667), dan Kebon Jeruk (p=0,040; r=-0,599). Kesimpulan: Variasi tingkat polusi udara, imunisasi, dan gizi balita antar kecamatan di Jakarta menunjukkan perbedaan pola hubungan dengan pneumonia, menandakan perlunya intervensi dan evaluasi program kesehatan yang lebih terfokus di tiap wilayah.

Background: In Indonesia, pneumonia is one of the leading infectious diseases contributing to under-five mortality. Risk factors for pneumonia in children under five include air quality, immunization status, and nutritional status. Objective: To examine the relationship between PM2.5 concentration, immunization status, and nutritional status with the incidence of pneumonia in children under five across 10 SPKUs (Community Health Surveillance Areas) in the Special Capital Region of Jakarta in 2023 using monthly data. Methods: This study employed an ecological study design based on location, covering 10 subdistricts in the Special Capital Region of Jakarta. Results: The results showed a significant relationship between PM2.5 concentration and pneumonia incidence in children under five in Menteng Subdistrict (p=0.005; r=0.751), Kalideres Subdistrict (p=0.028; r=-0.631), and Tanjung Priok Subdistrict (p=0.031; r=-0.622). The relationship between immunization status and pneumonia in children under five in Cakung (r=-0.356) and Jagakarsa (r=-0.343) indicates a moderate negative correlation. A significant relationship was found between nutritional status and pneumonia incidence in children under five in Tanjung Priok (p=0.018; r=-0.665), Kalideres (p=0.018; r=0.667), and Kebon Jeruk (p=0.040; r=-0.599). Conclusion: The variation in air pollution levels, immunization coverage, and child nutrition across subdistricts in Jakarta shows different patterns of association with pneumonia, indicating the need for more targeted health program interventions and evaluations in each area.

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S-11885
Depok : FKM-UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi   Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Ikha Purwandari; Pembimbing: Bambang Wispriyono; Penguji: Suyud Warno Utomo, Laila Fitria, Sonny Priajaya Warrow, Anna Rozaliyani
Abstrak: Tesis ini membahas hubungan pajanan polusi udara (PM2,5 dan NO2) dengan kadar Malondialdehyde pada siswa sekolah dasar negeri yang terletak di sekitar ruas jalan raya di Jakarta Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan pajanan polusi udara dalam ruangan dengan kadar MDA urin pada siswa sekolah dasar. Penelitian yang menggunakan desain studi cross sectional dilakukan pada bulan April - Mei tahun 2019. Hasil penelitian menujukkan konsentrasi PM2,5 dan NO2 di dalam ruangan melebihi baku mutu yang ditentukan yakni nilai rata-rata di dalam kelas PM2.5 sebesar 86,37 µg/m 3 , sedangkan rata-rata NO2 di dalam kelas sebesar adalah 76,18 µg/m 3 . Kadar MDA dalam urin pada siswa yang digunakan untuk melihat penanda stress oksidatif dalam tubuh anak yang dikaitkan dengan polusi udara dan karakteristik individu. Adanya hubungan dengan korelasi positif antara PM2,5 indoor dengan p value = 0,016 pada sekolah yang berada jauh dari jalan raya. Karakteristik individu pada anak yang digunakan untuk melihat hubungan dengan mengkontrol faktor yang lainnya terhadap MDA pada urin sanak adalah sesuai jenis kelamin, aktivitas fisik, anggota keluarga yang merokok di rumah, konsumsi vitamin dan suplemen, dan IMT
This thesis discusses the relations between air pollution exposure (PM2,5 and NO2) and Malondialdehyde urinary levels in schollchildren located around the highway in West Jakarta. This study aims to look at the relation between indoor air pollution exposure and urinary MDA levels in school students. The study using a cross sectional study design on April - May of 2019. The results of the study showed that PM2,5 and NO2 concentrations in the room exceeded the specified quality standard. PM2.5 indoor concentration was 86.37 µg / m3, and NO2 indoor concentration was 76.18 µg / m3. MDA urinary levels in students are used to see markers of oxidative stress in a child's body that are associated with air pollution and individual characteristics. There is a relationship with a positive correlation between PM2.5 indoor and p value = 0.016 in schools that are far from the highway. The individual characteristics of the children used to see the relationship with other factors controlling MDA in the urine of the relatives were according to gender, physical activity, smoker in family, vitamins and supplements consumption, and BMI
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T-5775
Depok : FKM UI, 2019
S2 - Tesis   Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Rinda Tri Nugraheni; Pembimbing: Laila Fitria; Penguji: Ririn Arminsih Wulandari, Tutut Indra Wahyuni
Abstrak: Pneumonia merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian anak balita terbanyak di Indonesia. Prevalensi pneumonia pada balita di Indonesia lima tahun terakhir mengalami peningkatan yaitu 1,6% pada tahun 2013 menjadi 2% pada tahun 2018. Provinsi Jawa Barat merupakan provinsi dengan prevalensi pneumonia pada balita tertinggi keempat di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional menggunakan data sekunder Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) 2017. Variabel dependen dalam penelitian ini adalah pneumonia pada balita usia 12-59 bulan. Sedangkan, variabel independen dalam penelitian ini adalah faktor lingkungan rumah, faktor karakteristik balita dan faktor ekonomi. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan signifikan antara indeks kepemilikan rendah (OR = 4,23; 95% CI: 1,72-10,41), tempat tinggal (OR = 3,70; 95% CI: 1,71-8,02) dan jenis dinding (OR = 4,84; 95% CI: 1,55-15,14) dengan pneumonia pada balita. Kata kunci: pneumonia balita, faktor lingkungan rumah, SDKI
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S-10032
Depok : FKM-UI, 2019
S1 - Skripsi   Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Intan Pandu Pertiwi; Pembimbing: Dewi Susana; Penguji: Laila Fitria, Ririn Arminsih, Sulistyo ; Dwinda Ramadhoni
Abstrak: ABSTRAK
 
PM2,5 merupakan salah satu indikator adanya pencemaran udara dalam
 
ruang (indoor air pollution). Indonesia termasuk peringkat kelima jumlah kasus TB
 
terbesar di dunia, dan Kota Cirebon merupakan kota dengan angka penemuan kasus
 
TB paru tertinggi di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk
 
menganalisis hubungan PM2,5 di udara ruang dalam rumah dengan kejadian TB
 
paru BTA positif di Kota Cirebon.
 
Disain penelitian ini adalah kasus kontrol. Kriteria kasus adalah penderita
 
baru TB Paru yang berusia minimal 15 tahun dan hasil pemeriksaan sputum positif
 
berdasarkan konfirmasi laboratorium Puskesmas periode November 2014 s/d April
 
2015 serta bertempat tinggal di Kota Cirebon. Kriteria kontrol adalah tetangga
 
terdekat kasus yang tidak menderita TB paru, tidak memiliki gejala klinis mirip TB
 
paru berdasarkan konfirmasi dari petugas puskesmas setempat, berusia minimal 15
 
tahun dan bertempat tinggal di Kota Cirebon. Total jumlah sampel adalah 168
 
responden dengan jumlah kasus adalah 84 responden, dan kontrol 84 responden.
 
Konsentrasi PM2,5 di udara ruang dalam rumah berpengaruh terhadap
 
kejadian TB paru BTA positif di Kota Cirebon (OR 7,034; 95% CI 3,570 ? 13,860).
 
Variabel lainnya yang signifikan adalah jenis kelamin (OR 3,947; 95% CI 2,026-
 
7,692), lama berada di rumah (OR 2,682; 95% CI 1,430 ? 5,028), jenis bahan bakar
 
memasak (OR 3,260; 95% CI 1,116-9,523), status merokok (OR 3,034; 95% CI
 
1,446 ? 6,365), jenis atap rumah (OR 3,713; 95% CI 1,945 ? 7,089), dan laju
 
ventilasi kamar (OR 2,493; 95% CI 1,264 ? 4,918). Hasil analisis multivariat
 
dengan regresi logistik menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi PM2,5 dalam rumah
 
berhubungan dengan kejadian TB paru BTA positif (OR adjusted 6,14; 95% CI
 
2,904-12,975) dikontrol oleh variabel jenis kelamin, jenis atap rumah, dan laju
 
ventilasi kamar. Masih banyak rumah yang belum dilengkapi jendela atau
 
ventilasinya kurang, atap rumah tidak dilengkapi oleh langit-langit, sehingga masih
 
banyak rumah yang tidak memenuhi kriteria rumah sehat. Diperlukan upaya
 
peningkatan pengetahuan dan kesadaran masyarakat tentang kriteria rumah sehat,
 
dan masyarakat agar menjaga pola perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat, termasuk tidak
 
merokok.
 

 
ABSTRACT
 
PM2,5 is one indicator of indoor air pollution. Indonesia is the fifth largest
 
number of TB cases in the world, and the city of Cirebon is a city with the highest
 
rate of pulmonary TB case detection in West Java province. The purpose of this
 
study was to analyze the relationship between PM2,5 in the indoor air and the
 
incidence of smear-positive pulmonary TB in the city of Cirebon.
 
The design of this study was a case-control. Cases criteria were patients
 
with TB minimum age 15 years old and had positive sputum test confirmed with
 
public health care laboratory test from November 2014 to April 2015 and lived in
 
Cirebon City. Controls criteria were the nearest neighbor not suffering TB and had
 
no clinical symptomps similar to TB confirmed by the local public health centre
 
officials, at least 15 years old and resides in Cirebon city. The total number of
 
samples is 168 respondents by the number of cases is 84 respondents, and 84
 
control respondents.
 
PM2,5 concentration in the indoor air affected the incidence of smearpositive
 
pulmonary TB in Cirebon city (OR 7.034; 95% CI 3.570 to 13.860).
 
Significant other variables are gender (OR 3.947; 95% CI 2.026 to 7.692), indoorstay
 
period (OR 2.682; 95% CI 1.430 to 5.028), the type of cooking fuel (OR 3.260;
 
95% CI 1.116 to 9.523), smoking status (OR 3.034; 95% CI 1.446 to 6.365), types
 
of roofs (OR 3.713; 95% CI 1.945 to 7.089), and the ventilation rate of the room
 
(OR 2.493; 95% CI 1.264 to 4.918). Results of multivariate analysis using logistic
 
regression modeling showed that concentrations of PM2,5 in the indoor air
 
associated with the incidence of pulmonary TB smear positive (OR adjusted 6,14;
 
95% CI 2.904 - 12.975) after being controlled by the variable gender, roof type of
 
the house, and the ventilation rate of the room. There are still many homes are not
 
equipped with a window or a lack of ventilation, the roof of the house is not
 
completed by the ceiling, so there is still a lot of homes that do not meet the criteria
 
for a healthy home. Necessary efforts to increase knowledge and awareness about
 
the criteria of a healthy home, and the community to maintain a clean and healthy
 
lifestyle, including not smoking.;PM2,5 is one indicator of indoor air pollution. Indonesia is the fifth largest
 
number of TB cases in the world, and the city of Cirebon is a city with the highest
 
rate of pulmonary TB case detection in West Java province. The purpose of this
 
study was to analyze the relationship between PM2,5 in the indoor air and the
 
incidence of smear-positive pulmonary TB in the city of Cirebon.
 
The design of this study was a case-control. Cases criteria were patients
 
with TB minimum age 15 years old and had positive sputum test confirmed with
 
public health care laboratory test from November 2014 to April 2015 and lived in
 
Cirebon City. Controls criteria were the nearest neighbor not suffering TB and had
 
no clinical symptomps similar to TB confirmed by the local public health centre
 
officials, at least 15 years old and resides in Cirebon city. The total number of
 
samples is 168 respondents by the number of cases is 84 respondents, and 84
 
control respondents.
 
PM2,5 concentration in the indoor air affected the incidence of smearpositive
 
pulmonary TB in Cirebon city (OR 7.034; 95% CI 3.570 to 13.860).
 
Significant other variables are gender (OR 3.947; 95% CI 2.026 to 7.692), indoorstay
 
period (OR 2.682; 95% CI 1.430 to 5.028), the type of cooking fuel (OR 3.260;
 
95% CI 1.116 to 9.523), smoking status (OR 3.034; 95% CI 1.446 to 6.365), types
 
of roofs (OR 3.713; 95% CI 1.945 to 7.089), and the ventilation rate of the room
 
(OR 2.493; 95% CI 1.264 to 4.918). Results of multivariate analysis using logistic
 
regression modeling showed that concentrations of PM2,5 in the indoor air
 
associated with the incidence of pulmonary TB smear positive (OR adjusted 6,14;
 
95% CI 2.904 - 12.975) after being controlled by the variable gender, roof type of
 
the house, and the ventilation rate of the room. There are still many homes are not
 
equipped with a window or a lack of ventilation, the roof of the house is not
 
completed by the ceiling, so there is still a lot of homes that do not meet the criteria
 
for a healthy home. Necessary efforts to increase knowledge and awareness about
 
the criteria of a healthy home, and the community to maintain a clean and healthy
 
lifestyle, including not smoking., PM2,5 is one indicator of indoor air pollution. Indonesia is the fifth largest
 
number of TB cases in the world, and the city of Cirebon is a city with the highest
 
rate of pulmonary TB case detection in West Java province. The purpose of this
 
study was to analyze the relationship between PM2,5 in the indoor air and the
 
incidence of smear-positive pulmonary TB in the city of Cirebon.
 
The design of this study was a case-control. Cases criteria were patients
 
with TB minimum age 15 years old and had positive sputum test confirmed with
 
public health care laboratory test from November 2014 to April 2015 and lived in
 
Cirebon City. Controls criteria were the nearest neighbor not suffering TB and had
 
no clinical symptomps similar to TB confirmed by the local public health centre
 
officials, at least 15 years old and resides in Cirebon city. The total number of
 
samples is 168 respondents by the number of cases is 84 respondents, and 84
 
control respondents.
 
PM2,5 concentration in the indoor air affected the incidence of smearpositive
 
pulmonary TB in Cirebon city (OR 7.034; 95% CI 3.570 to 13.860).
 
Significant other variables are gender (OR 3.947; 95% CI 2.026 to 7.692), indoorstay
 
period (OR 2.682; 95% CI 1.430 to 5.028), the type of cooking fuel (OR 3.260;
 
95% CI 1.116 to 9.523), smoking status (OR 3.034; 95% CI 1.446 to 6.365), types
 
of roofs (OR 3.713; 95% CI 1.945 to 7.089), and the ventilation rate of the room
 
(OR 2.493; 95% CI 1.264 to 4.918). Results of multivariate analysis using logistic
 
regression modeling showed that concentrations of PM2,5 in the indoor air
 
associated with the incidence of pulmonary TB smear positive (OR adjusted 6,14;
 
95% CI 2.904 - 12.975) after being controlled by the variable gender, roof type of
 
the house, and the ventilation rate of the room. There are still many homes are not
 
equipped with a window or a lack of ventilation, the roof of the house is not
 
completed by the ceiling, so there is still a lot of homes that do not meet the criteria
 
for a healthy home. Necessary efforts to increase knowledge and awareness about
 
the criteria of a healthy home, and the community to maintain a clean and healthy
 
lifestyle, including not smoking.]
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T-4503
Depok : FKM-UI, 2015
S2 - Tesis   Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Nurafni Ellizhona Fajrin; Pembimbing: Ema Hermawati; Penguji: Laila Fitria, Endah Kusumowardani
S-8090
Depok : FKM UI, 2014
S1 - Skripsi   Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Athaya Yumni Ridianti; Pembimbing: R. Budi Haryanto; Penguji: Ririn Arminsih Wulandari, Inu Haryo Harimukti
Abstrak:
Latar Belakang: Pneumonia merupakan penyakit menular dari manusia ke manusia lain melalui udara yang umumnya disebabkan oleh Streptococcus pneumoniae. Indonesia menempati posisi ke-7 di dunia dengan kasus kematian balita akibat pneumonia dan diare terbanyak pada tahun 2020 dengan 5,6 kematian per 1000 kelahiran hidup. Kota Jakarta Timur menempati posisi ke-2 di Provinsi DKI Jakarta dengan jumlah kasus pneumonia balita terbanyak. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara status imunisasi, pemberian ASI eksklusif, status gizi buruk dan BBLR dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita di 10 kecamatan di Kota Jakarta Timur tahun 2022 dengan data bulanan. Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan cakupan status imunisasi memiliki hubungan yang signifikan di Kecamatan Kramat Jati (p = 0,034; r = 0,613), cakupan pemberian ASI eksklusif memiliki hubungan yang signifikan di Kecamatan Cakung (p = 0,021; r = –0,655), cakupan status gizi buruk memiliki hubungan yang tidak signifikan di 10 kecamatan (p = 0,069 – 0,957; r = –0,018 – 0,542) dan cakupan BBLR memiliki hubungan yang tidak signifikan di 10 kecamatan (p = 0,070 – 0,923; r = –0,031 – 0,520).

Background: Pneumonia is a disease transmitted from human to other humans through the air which is generally caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. Indonesia occupies the 7th position in the world with the most under-5 mortality cases due to pneumonia and diarrhea in 2020 with 5.6 deaths per 1000 live births. East Jakarta City occupies the 2nd position in DKI Jakarta Province with the highest number of cases of pneumonia under five. Objective: To determine the relationship between immunization status, exclusive breastfeeding, malnutrition status and LBW with the incidence of pneumonia in toddlers in 10 sub-districts in East Jakarta City in 2022 with monthly data. Results: The results of this study showed that coverage of immunization status had a significant relationship in Kramat Jati District (p = 0.034; r = 0.613), coverage of exclusive breastfeeding had a significant relationship in Cakung District (p = 0.021; r = –0.655), coverage of malnutrition status had an insignificant relationship in 10 sub-districts (p = 0.069 – 0.957; r = –0.018 – 0.542) and LBW coverage had an insignificant relationship in 10 sub-districts (p = 0.070 – 0.923; r = –0.031 – 0.520).
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S-11406
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S1 - Skripsi   Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
:: Pengguna : Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
Library Automation and Digital Archive