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Female adolescent student in boarding school are vulnerable in having anemia because pesantren’s life style is full of activicities and the students is far from their parents its causes irregular eating habit and lack of nutrition in their meals. This research compared the differences of haemoglobin level after weekly Fe tablet supplementation and weekly Fe tablet plus daily during menstruation Fe supplementation for 8 weeks. This study uses the Quasi Experimental Design The Non Equivalent Control Group. A total of 38 respondents participaten in this study 18 of them received a weekly Fe tablet Supplementation, 20 other respondents got a Fe tablet weekly plus daily during their menstruation cycle. There was a significant increase of haemoglobin level in both groups after the intervention for 8 weeks (group 1 p = 0.0005, group 2 p = 0.0005). This increase did not significant between the first and second group (p = 0.797). This study prove that 8 weeks of supplementation of Fe tablets with the high level of obedience in consuming the supplement is adequate in increasing the level of hemoglobin. The factors that can affects the increased number of hemoglobin are consumption of animal protein, consumption of inhibitors, consumption of enhancers, long menstruation cycle, knowledge, and the type of Fe tabet supplementation program.
Anak sekolah adalah investasi bangsa karena mereka adalah generasi penerus bangsa. Merupakan kelompok usia yang sedang mengalami proses tumbuh kembang fisik dan psikosostal yang pesat. Salah satu masalah gar yang senng terjadi adalah anemia gizt. Anemia gizi best dapat menimbulkan berbagal dampak pada anak sekolah antara lain kesakitan dan kemattan akan meningkat, perkembangan otak dan pertumbuhan tisik teriambat, perkembangan motonk, mental, kecerdasan terhambat, daya tangkap belajar menurun. Revalensi anemia anak sekolah menurut laporan SKK 1 tahun 1995 sebesar 47,2%. Sedangkan hasil SKKRT 2001 menunjukkan prevalensu anemia pada kelompok umur - 14 tahun sebesar 28,3%. Salah satu strategi untuk mencegah dan menanggulangi masalati anemia jangka pendek yang telah dilakukan oleh pemenntah maupun non pemenntah diarahkan untuk membenkan suplementasi tablet besi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pembenan suplementasi tablet besi dua Kali seminggu selama 12 minggu terhadap perubahan status anemia gizi dan taktor-taktor yang berhubungan dengan status anemia akhir anak SD di SU Jakarta Mara. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dan studs data dasar pembenan suplementasi tablet best yang dilakukan oleh Yayasan Kusuma Buana ( YKB) tahun LUUS pada 6 SD di Jakarta Mara dengan rancangan one group pre post test tanpa ada kelompok kontrol. Sampel berjumlah 144 anak, dengan kriteria siswa yang mendenta anemia dare kelas 111 sampai dengan kelas V, mendapat suplementasi tablet besi, ketika wawancara tidak sakit, dan belum menarche. Hasil penelitian mi menunjukkan baflwa anemia anak sekolah sebelum mendapat suplementasi 144 anak (1 N%) sedangkan anemia setelah suplementasi menurun menjadi 17 anak Hasil analisis bivariat mendapatkan adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara kebiasaan makan utama, dengan nilai p = 0,006 (nilai RR 1,618; 95% C1: 1,146-2,285), konsumsi sumber zat besi hem dengan nilai p= 0,021 (nilai RR 1,482; 95%CI : 1,075- 2,043 ), besar keluarga dengan nilal p = 0,045 (nilai RR 1,503; 95% 1,0114 - 2,249), pendidikan ibu dengan nilai p = 0,017 (nilai RR 1,538; 95% CI: 1,078- 2,196) terhadap status anemia akhir. Disarankan agar pemenntah (Departemen Kesehatan dan DinasKesehatan Jakarta utara) menjadikan anak sekolah sebagai salali satu prioritas sasaran program penanggulangan anemia mengingat prevalensi anemia anak sekolah masih linggi, melakukan sosialisasi tentang tmgginya prevalensi pada anak sekolah dan dampak yang ditimbulkannya. Yalu dilalcukan penyuluhan terhadap anak sekolah dan orangtua tentang kebiasaan sarapan pagi, makanan jajanan, bahan makanan sumber zat besi, penyebab dan dampak anemia. Diperlukan pula penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai suplementasi zat besi dengan menggunakan kelompok pembanding (kontrol).
Schoolchild is nation investment because they are nation next generation. It was age group that experiencing rapid physical and psychosocial development. One of the nutrition problems that often occur is nutrition anemia. Ferrum anemia could emerge various impacts to schoolchild such as sickness and death will increase, brain development and physical development pursued, motorik, mental and intelligence development pursued, and learning adding capacity decrease. Anemia prevalence of schoolchild according to SKRT 1995 is 47,2%. While SKRT 2001 result shows anemia prevalence on 5-14 years old age group 28,3%. One of the strategy to prevent and overcome short-term anemia problems that conducted by whether government or non-government suggested to give ferrum supplementation. This research was aimed to found the influence of ferrum tablet supplementation distribution twice a week for 12 weeks toward nutrition anemia status change and factors that related with last anemia status of elementary school children in six North Jakarta elementary schools. Data used is secondary data from basic data study of ferrum supplementation distribution that conducted by Kusuma Buana Foundation (YKB) year 2005 on 6 North Jakarta elementary schools using one group pre-post test design without control group. Total research subject are 144 children, using criteria of students who suffer anemia from Ill`d grade to grade, getting ferrum supplementation, when conducting interview not in sick condition and not yet menarche. This research shows that schoolchild anemia cases before getting 144 children supplementation (100%) while anemia cases after supplementation decrease to 77 children (53,5%). From bivariate analysis result obtained significant relation between main eat behavior, with p = 0,006 (RR value 1,618; 95% CI; 1,146-2,285), hem ferrum source consumption with p = 0,045 (RR value 1,503; 95% Cl; 1,004-2,249), mother education with p = 0,017 (RR value 1,538; 95% CI; 1,078-2,196) toward last anemia status. Government suggested (North Jakarta Health Department and Health Official) making schoolchild as one of the anemia prevention program target considering that schoolchild anemia prevalence still high, conducting socialization toward high prevalence of schoolchild and emerged influence. Need conducted counseling toward elementary school child and parents about breakfast behavior, snack food, food substances with ferrum source, anemia cause and impact. Further research also needed toward ferrum supplementation and using control group.
Kata kunci: Remaja putri, Tablet Tambah Darah (TTD), Perceived Barrier, Sekolah Menengah Atas
An adolescent girl is a group that more affected by anemia due to menstruation every month. Anemia has a serious impact especially in pregnant women, therefore adolescent girls must have a good iron status to prevent anemia, one of which is by taking iron tablets (TTD). This study aims to discuss the factors associated with the intention of consumption TTD in Adolescent girls in two high schools in Pariaman in 2019. This research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. The results showed a significant relationship between perceived benefits, perceived barriers, family support, and friend support to consume TTD in adolescent girls. The dominant factor in this study is the perceived barrier with an Odds Ratio of 6,910.
Key words: Adolescent girl, iron tablet, Perceived Barrier, senior high schoo
Anemia remains public health issue that needs attention. Adolescent girls are thevulnerable group. Besides in their growth period condition, also the risk of theirmenstruation. Though adolescent girls are mother candidates, early efforts of nutritionalintervention should be implemented. Iron supplementation program is done to preventand cope with anemia and increase iron status of adolescent girls, although not alwayswork due to various factors. The objective of this study was to prove teacher support asthe dominant factor associated with hemoglobin level changes of adolescent girls in thisprogram. This research was conducted with cross-sectional design in two junior highschools beneficiaries program in Bekasi City with 175 adolescent girls subject. Thechanges of hemoglobin data was obtained from the difference of hemoglobin levelbefore and after measurement by giving iron supplementation for 10 weeks, which weresecondary data (ethics approved). Other data such as school support, characteristics ofadolescent girls, consumption patterns and characteristics of mothers were obtainedthrough interviewing based on questionnaire. The results of the study was Ironsupplementation effectively increased hemoglobin levels of adolescent girls (p = 0.005).Multiple linear regression analysis found that teacher support was the dominant factorassociated with changes in hemoglobin levels. This proves that completion of specificnutritional interventions requires sensitive efforts from the non-health sector. It issuggested to increase cross-sector collaboration in health program implementationespecially school-based Iron supplementation program.Keywords: anemia, adolescent girls, school-based iron supplementation, teacher,hemoglobin.
Anemia gizi yang disebabkan karena kekurangan zat besi masih merupakan masalah gizi utama di Indonesia. SKRT tahun 1995 menunjukkan bahwa 50,9 % ibu hamil menderita anemia, sedangkan pada kehamilan trimester III angkanya sebesar 49,2 %. Hasil survey anemia gizi ibu hamil di kabupaten Donggala tahun 1996, juga menunjukkan angka anemia yang sangat tinggi, yaitu 92,12 %. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa anemia gizi ibu hamil masih merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang perlu mendapat perhatian serius.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pesan cakupan suplementasi tablet tambah darah (Fe3) ibu hamil dan faktor lainnya yang berhubungan dengan kadar Hb ibu hamil trimester III, yang nantinya dapat dijadikan masukan untuk perencanaan program penanggulangan anemia gizi ibu hamil. Penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten Donggala Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah, dan sebagai unit analisisnya adalah ibu hamil, yang usia kehamilannya _> 7 bulan pada saat penelitian dilakukan, baik pada wanita primigravida maupun multigravida.Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional, dan cara pengambilan sampelnya dilakukan dengan pendekatan metode multistage random sampling dengan jumlah sampelnya sebanyak 150 ibu hamil trimester III. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa 63,5 % ibu hamil trimester III di Kabupaten Donggala menderita anemia. Persentase anemia ini lebih tinggi pada daerah dengan cakupan suplementasi tablet tambah darah yang rendah (< 80 %) dibandingkan dengan daerah yang cakupan suplementasi tablet tambah darahnya tinggi (? 80 %).Hasil uji bivariate menunjukkan hubungan bermakna, antara cakupan suplementasi tablet tambah darah (Fe3) ibu hamil, konsumsi tablet tambah darah, tingkat pendidikan ibu, alat kontrasepsi hormonal dan ukuran LILA ibu dengan kadar Hb ibu hamil. Sedangkan variabel lain seperti : umur ibu, tingkat pengetahuan, status pekerjaan, usia kehamilan, dan jarak kehamilan, berbeda tapi tidak bermakna, dan variabel paritas tidak bermakna. Selain itu uji bivariate antara cakupan suplementasi tablet tambah darah dengan konsumsi tablet tambah darah menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna.Dari hasil uji analisis multivariate, terdapat tiga variabel yang berhubungan bermakna dengan kadar Hb ibu hamil, yaitu variabel konsumsi tablet tambah darah, tingkat pendidikan, dan ukuran lingkar lengan atas (LILA). Dari ketiga variabel tersebut, LILA merupakan variabel yang paling dominan.Karena masih rendahnya konsumsi tablet tambah darah, dimana faktor tersebut merupakan salah satu faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kadar Hb ibu hamil, maka perlu adanya upaya peningkatan KIE yang berkaitan dengan konsumsi tablet tambah darah. LILA ibu merupakan faktor yang dominan berhubungan dengan kadar Hb ibu hamil, oleh karena itu ukuran lingkar lengan atas ibu dapat dijadikan indikasi anemia. Dengan demikian upaya peningkatan KIE pada ibu yang LILA nya < 23,5 cm perlu dilakukan.Mengingat cakupan suplementasi tablet tambah darah berkaitan dengan konsumsi tablet tambah darah, sementara konsumsi tablet tambah darah berpengaruh terhadap kadar Hb ibu hamil, maka upaya peningkatan cakupan program suplementasi tablet tambah darah harus terus dilakukan, dengan penekanannya pada aspek monitoring program dan diupayakan agar tablet tambah darah diberikan lebih dini kepada ibu hamil.Daftar bacaan : 57 (1972 - 2001)
The Coverage Role of Iron Tablet Supplemental (Fe3) from Pregnant Mother and Other Factors to Mother's Hemoglobin (Hb) Content on the Third Trimesters in Donggala Regency, Central Sulawesi Province Year of 2001Nutritional anemia because of the iron deficiency is still became particular problem of nutrition in Indonesia. SKRT in the year of 1995, shown that of 50,9 percent of mother in pregnancy has suffered of anemia, whereas in pregnancy within the third trimester, it's figure amount of 49,2 percent. Data of survey reported that nutritional anemia of pregnant mother, 1996 in Donggala Regency as well that the number of anemia are very high, that is 92,12 percent. The matter, shown that nutritional anemia of pregnant mother is still remaining a problem seriously.This research has aim to identify the role of coverage of iron tablet supplemental (Fe3) from pregnant mother and other factor in relation to mother's Hb content on the third trimester, for the next it can be made an input for planning program of tackling to nutritional anemia of pregnant mother.The research conducted in Donggala Regency, Province of Central Sulawesi and as analysis unit is pregnant mother with pregnant aged of _> 7 months during research conducted of the both for women in first pregnancy (Primigravida) and multi pregnancy (Multigravida).Design research applied cross sectional and the ways of adopting the sample carried out by approaching multistage random sampling method withtotal of it's samples as many of 150 mother pregnancies on the third trimester. This results of research concluded that 63,5 percent of pregnant mother on the third trimester in Donggala Regency has anemia. This anemia percentage is higher at site with coverage of iron tablet supplemental is low (< 80 percent) than coverage's site of iron tablet supplemental is high (_> 80 percent).The result of bivariate test indicated that value a significant relation among coverage of iron tablet supplemental (Fe3) from pregnant mother, iron tablet consumption, education level of mother, hormone contraception device and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) of mother with Hb content of mother age, knowledge-level, occupation status, age of pregnancy, and range of pregnancy were different but no significant, and variable parity has no significant.From the result of multivariate consumption iron tablet supplemental, education Ievel and mid-upper arm circumference measurement (MUAC), from the three of those variables upper hand measurement is the most dominant variables.Due to the consumption for iron tablet supplemental is low remain that the related factor is one of influencing factor to Hb content of pregnant mother, therefore, attempts to increase KIE (Communication, Information and Education) that related with consumption of iron tablet supplemental is apparently needed. The mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) relating with Hb content of mother pregnant, as a result upper hand measurement of mother can be made anemia indication. Thus, attempts to increase KIE of mother whose mid-upper ann circumference (MUAC) measurement of < 23,5 cm is necessary followed up.Considering that coverage of iron tablet supplemental relating with iron tablet consumption while consume iron tablet impact to Hb content of pregnant mother attempts to increase coverage of iron tablet supplemental must be done continuity by stressing to aspect of monitoring program and attempted that iron tablet is earlier given to pregnant mother.References : 57 (1972 - 2001)
