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High mortality rates from cervical cancer globally can be reduced through a comprehensive approach that includes effective prevention and screening. Early detection with IVA method is one method that is safe, inexpensive, and easy to do. This study aims to determine the determinants of early cervical cancer detection behavior by VIA method in women in Indonesia. This research is quantitative using secondary data from the 2016 Non-Communicable Disease Research with cross sectional research method. This study covers 34 regency/city provinces throughout Indonesia. The sample of this study is women aged 25-64 years who have had sex in Indonesia with a total of 4.092 respondent. The results showed that only 25.6% of respondents who did early detection of cervical cancer the rest 74.4% had never done early detection of cervical cancer by VIA method. The results of statistical analysis show that age, knowledge, number of children born, health insurance ownership, information sources from health workers, information sources from cadres, sources of information from family/friends/neighbors and media exposure are factors of early cervical cancer detection behavior using the method VIA in women in Indonesia. The need for increased access to information, education by utilizing technological advancements is one step in increasing the knowledge and awareness of the Indonesian people
This study aims to determine the factors associated with early detection behavior of cervical cancer using the IVA method in women of childbearing age in Kebon Melati Village in 2025. This research method uses quantitative research with a cross-sectional study design. Primary data in this study were obtained through distributing questionnaires to 100 women of childbearing age. The behavior of early detection of cervical cancer using the IVA method is the dependent variable. While, the independent variables include education, knowledge, attitude, exposure to information, and husband's support. The questionnaire was filled out directly by the researcher according to the respondents' answers and the results were analyzed using the Chi-square test with the SPSS 22 application. The results of the analysis showed that 16 respondents (16%) had carried out early detection of cervical cancer using the IVA method. Statistically, there is a significant relationship between knowledge, exposure to information, and husband's support with the behavior of early detection of cervical cancer using the IVA method in women of childbearing age in Kebon Melati sub-district in 2025. The results of this study suggest that the Community Health Centers increase health promotion activities through counseling or distribution of pamphlets regarding cervical cancer and early detection of IVA, as well as conducting early detection of cervical cancer in places that are easily accessible to women of childbearing age.
Kata kunci : kanker serviks, keterpaparan informasi, metode IVA
Cervical cancer is cancer with the highest prevalence in Indonesia women. Earlydetection of cervical cancer VIAmethod is the government's priority preventive programin controlling cervical cancer, but the coverage of the examination is still low. Thisstudy aimed to determine the determinants of the behavior of early detection of cervicalcancer with VIA method in women of childbearing age of 30 - 50 years. This study usedcross-sectional design, data was collected through interviews using questionnaires to180 samples and analyzed using chi-square test and multiple logistic regressiontest. The results showed 22.8% of childbearing age women perform early detection ofcervical cancer VIA method. These finding revealed that knowledge, informationexposure and support of health care related to early detection of cervicalcancer VIA method, while education, access to health care and husband support asconfounding. Information exposure is a dominant factor, childbearing age womenexposed to information about cervical cancer had 13.8 times chance to early detectionof cervical cancer VIA method than unexposed information after being controlled byeducation, screening service access and husbands support (p = 0,013, OR: 13, 869,95% CI: 1,723-111,650). Meanwhile, work and health insurance are not related to thebehavior of early detection of cervical cancer VIA method. Relevant institutions need tomake efforts communication, information and education in the form socialization anddissemination of promotion media related to cervical cancer and VIA test to increasethe number of childbearing age women exposed information.
Keywords: cervical cancer, information exposure, VIA method.
The high prevalence of cervical cancer is a global health problem. It causes hundreds of thousands of deaths among women every year worldwide. With an estimated 570,000 cases and 311,000 deaths in 2018 worldwide, the disease is the fourth most frequently diagnosed cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer death in women. Early diagnosis and screening in women can improve treatment success and women's survival. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the participation of women in Indonesia to perform early detection of cervical cancer. This study uses secondary data from IFLS V using a cross-sectional design with 29,220 respondents who are married women. The results show that the proportion of women who do early detection of cervical cancer or Pap smear as much as 22.99% is still very low compared to the target. Variables related to the participation of women in Indonesia for early detection of cervical cancer are disease history, parity, age, age at first marriage, education, distance to health facilities and health insurance. The most dominant variable that predicts women to do cervical cancer screening is age at first marriage with POR 2.4 with 95% CI 1.606-1.843. Socialization and health education are needed so that women are willing to delay the age of first marriage
Kanker serviks merupakan kanker yang berkembang di bagian serviks wanita. Hampir 99% kasus kanker serviks disebabkan oleh Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). Kematian tertinggi akibat kanker pada perempuan di Indonesia berasal dari kanker payudara 22.692 (11,0%) kasus kematian dan kanker serviks 18.279 (8,8%) kasus kematian (WHO IARC 2018). Berdasarkan penelitian Dewi, 2017 kanker serviks paling banyak ditemukan pada usia dewasa, dengan status menikah, dan hidup di perkotaan. Jumlah penderita kanker di kota 6,6% lebih banyak dari yang di desa. Kasus kanker serviks sebanyak 543 di kota dan 384 di desa.Usia menarche merupakan salah satu faktor terjadinya lesi prakanker serviks. Usia menarche dini memiliki risiko 14 kali untuk mengalami kanker serviks (Reis, Beji, and Kilic 2011). Hasil Survei Demografi Kesehatan Indonesia tahun 2017 menyatakan bahwa Rentang usia pertama kali menstruasi wanita di Indonesia dari tahun ke tahun menurun dari usia 12 – 15 tahun menjadi 12 – 14 tahun. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif, dengan desain cross sectional study. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder riset PTM tahun 2016. Jumlah sampel 9931 orang, yaitu memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Analisis yang digunakan logistic regression.Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder dari data riset Penyakit Tidak Menular (PTM) 2016 yang diselenggarakan oleh Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan. Proporsi IVA positif usia 25 - 64 tahun pada pada Penduduk Perempuan di Daerah Perkotaan di Indonesia menurut Data Riset PTM Tahun 2016 6,3%.hubungansignifikan secara statistik antara usia menarche ≤ 12 tahun dengan kejadian lesi prakanker serviks dimana perempuan dengan usia menarche ≤ 12 tahun berisiko 24,1% (POR = 0,759; 95% CI 0,612 – 0,940, p-value 0,012) lebih rendah untuk mengalami kejadian lesi prakanker serviks dibandingkan perempuan yang mengalami usia menarche ≥ 15 tahun. Sementara itu, perempuan dengan usia menarche 13 – 14 tahun menunjukkan ada hubungan signifikan secara statistik dengan kejadian lesi prakanker serviks dimana perempuan dengan usia menarche 13 – 14 tahun berisiko 20,9% (POR = 0,791; 95% CI 0,654 – 0,956, p-value 0,015) lebih rendah untuk mengalami kejadian lesi prakanker serviks dibandingkan perempuan yang mengalami usia menarche ≥ 15 tahun Kata kunci:lesi prakanker serviks, menarche, Riset PTM
Cervical cancer is cancer that develops in the cervix of women. Almost 99% of cervical cancer cases are caused by the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). The highest mortality from cancer in women in Indonesia came from breast cancer, 22,692 (11.0%) cases of death and cervical cancer, 18,279 (8.8%) cases of death (WHO IARC 2018). Based on Dewi's research, in 2017, cervical cancer was mostly found in adulthood, married, and living in urban areas. The number of cancer sufferers in cities is 6.6% more than in villages. There were 543 cervical cancer cases in cities and 384 in villages. Menarche age is a factor in the occurrence of cervical precancerous lesions. Early menarche age has 14 times the risk of developing cervical cancer (Reis, Beji, and Kilic 2011). The results of the Indonesian Demographic Health Survey in 2017 stated that the age range for the first time menstruation for women in Indonesia from year to year decreased from 12-15 years old to 12-14 years old. This type of research is quantitative, with a cross sectional study design. This study used secondary data from PTM research in 2016. The number of samples was 9931 people, which met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The analysis used logistic regression. The data used in this study is secondary data from the 2016 Non-Communicable Diseases (PTM) research data organized by the Health Research and Development Agency of the Ministry of Health. The proportion of positive IVA aged 25-64 years among female residents in urban areas in Indonesia according to 2016 PTM Research Data is 6.3%. There was a statistically significant relationship between menarche age ≤ 12 years and the incidence of cervical precancerous lesions where women with menarche age ≤ 12 years had a 24.1% risk (POR = 0.759; 95% CI 0.612 - 0.940, p-value 0.012) lower to experience the incidence. cervical precancerous lesions than women who experienced menarche ≥ 15 years. Meanwhile, women with menarche age 13-14 years showed a statistically significant relationship with the incidence of cervical precancerous lesions where women with menarche age 13-14 years had a 20.9% risk (POR = 0.791; 95% CI 0.654 - 0.956, p- value 0.015) lower for experiencing cervical precancerous lesions than women who experienced menarche ≥ 15 years Key words: cervical precancerous lesions, menarche, PTM research
