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TB RO has exacerbated the condition of TB disease and hampered TB control programs in Indonesia and the world. This is because the cure rate on treatment is relatively lower, more difficult, expensive and has more side effects. The purpose of this study is to determine the risk factors for the incidence of TB RO at RSPI Prof dr Sulianti Saroso in 2017 - 2019 This study is a quantitative study with a case-control study design, where the ratio of cases and controls is 1:1. The results of the study, namely age, gender, occupation, education and HIV status did not have a significant relationship with the incidence of TB RO. DM status and history of previous TB treatment have a significant relationship with the incidence of TB RO, where patients with DM status have a 3.3 times higher risk of developing TB RO (ORcrude 3,272; CI 1,244-8,749) and history of previous TB treatment is the most influential factor. the occurrence of TB RO with ORadj=8.51; 95%CI (4.32-16.77). The conclusions of the study can be given suggestions so that they can be submitted to pay attention, provide information and support for TB patients with DM or TB only, the possibility of resistance if they do not complete treatment. In addition, there is a program that every TB patient must be tested for HIV and DM, so that it will be easier to find out if there are comorbidities in TB patients and this must be done consistently
ABSTRAK Retensi ARV Pada Pasien HIV Berdasarkan CD4 Awal Terapi ARV di RSPI Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso Jakarta Dari Tahun 2011 – 2014 Musa Rapang Perbedaan tingkatan imunodefesiensi memberikan kondisi klinis yang berbeda. Dampak perbedaan imunodefesiensi akan diperoleh retensi ARV yang berbeda pada tingkat imunodefesiensi berat dan sedang. Pasien dengan sistem imun yang baik (CD4 tinggi) kemungkinan akan memiliki retensi yang rendah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat apakah perbedaan retensi ARV pada pasien HIV AIDS berdasarkan CD4 saat terapi ARV di RSPI Sulianti Saroso Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kohort retrospektif menggunakan 223 sampel yang diambil dari data rekam medik rumah sakit dari tahun 2011 – 2014 dengan waktu pengamatan selama satu tahun. Pasien yang retensi ada 70.85% dengan insident rate lost to follow up 2.9 per 100 orang bulan. Retensi ARV pada pasien dengan CD4 200-350 sel/mm lebih baik dengan HRadj lost to follow up sebesar 0.27 (CI 95% : 0.1 – 0.8) kali lebih rendah dibandingkan pasien dengan CD4 <200 sel/mm 3 . Selain itu pasien memiliki CD4 200350 sel/mm 3 pada stadium awal memiliki risiko lost to follow up yang lebih tinggi dengan HRadj 1.10 (CI 95% : 0.5 – 2.4) kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pasien yang memiliki CD4 < 200 sel/mm 3 pada stadium awal. Perlu dilakukan monitoring klinis, eduksi dan dukungan kepada pasien tentang manfaat ARV khususnya pada pasien dengan CD4 <200 sel/mm 3 . Kata kunci : Retensi ARV, CD4 Awal, lost to follow up
ABSTRACT ARV Retention HIV Patients Based On Early CD4 Therapy In Hospital Infection Disease of Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso Jakarta From Years 2011 - 2014 Musa Rapang The difference in the level of imunodefesiensi provide different clinical conditions. The impact will be acquired at different ARV retention rate of severe and moderate imunodefesiensi. HIV Patients with a good immune system (CD4 high) possibility have poor retention on antiretroviral drugs, so that the patient will tend to experience a lost to follow up. The purpose of this study was to see whether the difference in retention of antiretroviral drugs in HIV-AIDS patients by CD4 time ARV therapy in hospital Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso Jakarta. This research using retrospective cohort design using 223 samples taken from hospital medical records from the years 20112014 with the observation time for one year. The number of patients there was 70.85% retention with number incidents of lost to follow-up rate of 2.9 per 100 person-months. Retention ARV based on baseline CD4 200-350 cells / mm better with HRadj of lost to follow-up at 0.27 (CI 95% :0.1 – 0.8) times slower compared to patients with CD4 <200 cells / mm 3 in the early stages having lost to follow-up speed faster with HRadj 1.10 (CI 95% :0.5 – 2.4) times faster compared with patients with CD4 <200 cells/mm 3 . In addition patients had CD4 200-350 cells / mm 3 early stage. Needed to monitoring, education and supporting to patient for benfit to use ARV especially to patient with CD4 <200 cells/mm 3 . Keywords: Retention ARV, CD4 Earlier, Lost to follow up
Tuberculosis paru masih merupakan masalah kesehatan utama di dunia. Sepertiga penduduk dunia telah terinfeksi oleh Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Di tahun 2000 diperkirakan muncul 10,2 juta penderita bare tuberculosis dan 3,5 juta orang meninggal karenanya setiap tahun. WHO menyebutkan bahwa Indonesia merupakan penyumbang TB terbesar ketiga didunia setelah India dan Cina (Depkes R1,2002). Sampai saat ini di seluruh Indonesia pemberantasan penyakit tuberculosis masih jauh dari yang diharapkan_ Peningkatan kasus dan kematian tuberculosis antara lain karena tidak diobati, basil pengobatan yang rendah serta adanya kasus kasus barn. Juga kasus yang tidak sembuh dan kasus kambuh. Oteh karena itu masalah ketidaksembuhan merupakan prioritas yang paling panting untuk diselesaikan. Tujuan .Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan model prediksi ketidaksembuhan penderita tuberculosis paru BTA positif melaiui identifkasi determinan dominan terhadap ketidaksembuhan penderita TB paru BTA positif di kabupaten tangerang. Metode. Desain penelitian studi Iongitudinal telah digunakan pada penderita TB pare BTA (+) dengan faktor karakteristik penderita dan faktor akses Iainnya. Analisis data menggunakan metode regresi logistik ganda untuk memperoleh model paling balk (fit), sederhana (parsimonious), dan tepat (robust) sehingga dapat menggambarkan hubungan variabel dependen dengan satu set variabei independen. Jumiah sample 164 penderita dan 23,2% diantaranya mengalami ketidaksembuhan. Pada penelitian ini juga telah menemukan model prediksi ketidaksembuhan penderita tuberculosis paru BTA Positif. HASIL Analisis regresi logistik ganda menunjukkan ketidaksembuhan penderita TB paru, pekerjaan (faktor karakteristik), jarak dari numb ke puskesmas dan keterjang)Cauan (faktor akses). Dengan jarak sebagai determinan yang paling dominan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa jarak mempunyai OR = 2,71 95%CI :1,21 - 6,07), Keterjangkauan OR = 2,54 (95% CI :1,12-5,76) dan pekerjaan OR x,41 (95%C1: 0,18- 0,92). Kesimpulan. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa peranan akses yaitu jarak jauh dekat ketempat puskesmas, keterjangkauan dan pekerjaan penderita TB paru BTA Positif mempunyai pengaruh terhadap ketidaksembuhan penderita selama pengobatan.
Tuberculosis is still a major problem worldwide, one third of the world population are infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In the 2000, approximately 10,2 million of new cases are identified and 3,5 million people died because of this disease annually. WHO state that Indonesian is the third country most contribute tuberculosis problem after India and China ( Depkes RI,2002). Up to present the tuberculosis rehabilitation program in Indonesian is still far away from expected outcomes. Increasing morbidity and mortality of tuberculosis because of not treatment patients, cure rate still low, new cases, not recovery patient and relapse. So the problem about not recovery cases to be a priority to solve. The purpose of the study was determining variables influence not recovery cases of tuberculosis patient in Tangerang. Method : the design of this study was longitudinal retrospective with tuberculosis patients as subjects and characteristic, access factors to influence. The data were analyze using the multiple logistic regression in order to find the most proper ( fit), simple (parsimonious) and the right (robust). Model in order to describe the relationship between the outcome variable and one set predictor variables. 164 subjects participated in the study of which 38(23,2%) of the subject are identify as cases not recovery . Based on the findings the study also propose a predicted model of tuberculosis patient not recovery treatment. Result. Multiple logistic regression analysis show that the predictor of the outcome are job, distance and to reach, and distance is the main determinant. The result of this study showed that distance have OR = 2,71 95% CI : 1,21-6,07; to reach have OR =2,54 95% CI: 1,12 - 5,76; Job have OR 0,41 95% CI : 0,18 -- 0,92; Conclusion : this study have conclusion that a distance have a lead of access factors and to reach of the others and job of tuberculosis patient have definitive influence not recovery cases.
Diabetes mellitus type 2 is a serious public health problem in the world. Diabetes mellitus is also the main cause of morbidity, mortality, disability, and economic loss all over the world include development countries. The research objective is to estimate the diabetes mellitus prevalence, risk factors, and prediction model in urban areas of Indonesia. By analyzed The Indonesia Basic Health Research Survey 2007 that consist of 19,960 respondents aged above 15 years old who had Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT). Only 18,746 respondents had been analyzed. Logistic regression with two stage design sampling was used to analyze the data.
