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Metode: Dalam menganalisis implementasi peraturan persyaratan keamanan dan mutu obat tradisional tahun 2019 melalui pelaksanaan pengujian sepuluh parameter uji, studi dengan pendekatan kualitatif ini menggunakan data dari berbagai sumber. Kuesioner dibagikan kepada seluruh UMKM di Provinsi Sumatera Utara, Jawa Tengah dan Sulawesi Selatan untuk mendapatkan gambaran kinerja UMKM dalam hal keamanan dan mutu obat tradisional. Ketiga provinsi dipilih secara purposive dengan memperhatikan representasi tiap regional, temuan kasus TMS, serta jumlah UMKM terbanyak sehingga penelitian ini dapat menggambarkan implementasi kebijakan (Peraturan No.32 Tahun 2019 tentang Persyaratan Keamanan dan Mutu Obat Tradisional) di Indonesia, dengan kondisi yang beragam. Untuk analisa mendalam, data tersebut didukung dengan hasil wawancara terhadap UMKM, Balai POM, Badan POM serta Gabungan Pengusaha Jamu. Adapun kinerja implementasi kebijakan dianalisis menggunakan model variabel karakteristik badan pelaksana, komunikasi antar badan pelaksana, disposisi dan lingkungan social dan ekonomi.
Hasil: Dari sepuluh parameter uji keamanan dan mutu obat tradisional yaitu organoleptik; kadar air; cemaran mikroba; jumlah aflatoksin; cemaran logam berat; keseragaman bobot; waktu hancur; volume terpindahkan; kadar alkohol; dan pH., hanya tiga di antaranya yang diuji oleh sebagian besar UMKM di tiga provinsi yaitu organoleptis, kadar air dan keseragaman bobot. Sumber daya manusia dan fasilitas, terutama tidak adanya laboratorium, menjadi faktor internal yang menjadi penghambat UMKM untuk melakukan pengujian keamanan dan mutu OT sebelum diedarkan
Background: The tip of iceberg phenomenon in Indonesia, which is related to drug abuse, is already at an alarming stage. The effects of Tramadol drug abuse are not only on the health side but on the socio-economic aspects of society as well as security and order. The POM Agency has issued Head of POM Agency Regulation No.10 Year 2019 regarding Guidelines for the Management of Certain Drugs which are often misused with the aim of protecting the public from misuse and misuse of certain drugs. PBF is a distribution company for certain drugs which is suspected to still be a gap for the distribution of certain drugs such as Tramadol. This study aims to determine the implementation of the policy of managing certain drugs which are often abused in Jakarta specifically the distribution of tramadol drugs by PBF. Subjects and Methods: This study used a qualitative approach by means of interviews and document review, this research was conducted in March to June 2020. The main informants in this study were BPOM officials, BBPOM in Jakarta, Jakarta Provincial Health Office and 6 PBF. The variables studied were the size and objectives of the policy, resources, characteristics of the implementing agency, communication between organizations, disposition of implementers, and the social, economic, political environment. Data were collected by interview and document review. Data were analyzed descriptively. Result: the implementation of policies on the management of certain drugs which are often abused in Jakarta, especially the distribution of Tramadol drugs by PBF has not been optimal. The size and objectives of the implementation policy are optimal. Resources in the form of budgets have not been allocated specifically, facilities are good, HR is not optimal in terms of numbers, Characteristics of implementing agencies in the form of relationships between organizations are not optimal and fragmentation is good, Communication between organizations namely transmission, consistency and clarity is optimal, Implementing disposition in the form of understanding , the direction of acceptance and intensity is good, and social, economic and political environmental factors have supported the implementation of the policy. Conclusion: The performance of the implementation of policies on the management of certain drugs which are often abused in the Jakarta area, in particular the distribution of Tramadol Medicines in the Regulation of the Head of POM RI Number 10 of 2019 based on the theoretical variable Van meter and Van horn approach in general has not been optimally implemented.
Data from the WHO in 2018 placed Indonesia in third place that contributed to the most leprosy cases. Banten Province is one of the provinces with high cases of leprosy. In Indonesia's 2019 health profile, Banten Province was included in the top 10 provinces with a level 2 disability rate. The government issued Minister of Health Regulation No. 11 of 2019 regarding the prevention of leprosy. This study aims to determine the readiness to implement leprosy control policies in Banten Province to achieve the leprosy elimination target. The study was done using the qualitative method. Primary data was obtained through in-depth interviews and secondary data through document review. This study uses Van Meter and Van Horn's policy analysis theory with variables of policy size and objectives, resources, characteristics of implementing agencies, interorganizational communication, implementing dispositions, and the economic, social and political environment that influence policy implementation. The results of this study are the size and objectives of the policy are clear. Still, there are no derivative regulations. The resources are quite ready; the standard operating procedures are not evenly distributed, the communication is quite prepared but not optimal, the disposition of the implementer accepts this policy, the economic and social environment is adequate to support. However, there's still a stigma in society. This study concludes that the readiness for implementing leprosy control policies in Banten Province is quite ready, but Banten Province can improve several things. This study recommends making derivative regulations, socializing, increasing discipline in reporting.
The local government of Kudus Regency has committed to accelerating the handling of stunting cases and is trying to realize Kudus zero stunting by issuing Regional Regulation Number 53/2020 concerning the Acceleration of Stunting Prevention in Kudus Regency. However, the implementation of convergence in Kudus has not run optimally. The results of the work meeting on the assessment of the integrated stunting prevention convergence action in Central Java in 2020, the capacity for implementing situation analysis and inputting as well as the quality of situation analysis with cross-sectoral involvement in Kudus Regency has not been optimal, the stunting discussion has not been carried out intensively, and there are no regulations to strengthen publications of stunting prevention. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has led to a refocusing of the budget from other services and programs, including stunting prevention. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of policies to accelerate stunting prevention during the COVID-19 pandemic in Kudus Regency. This research is qualitative research. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with informants and document review with the Edward III framework covering the variables of communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure and Van Meter and Van Horn covering variables of the economic, social and political environment. Research informants are representatives from regional apparatus who are members of the stunting prevention acceleration team at the district, sub-district, and village/kelurahan levels as well as the Human Development Cadre (KPM). The study was conducted from April to May 2022. The results show that policy implementation has been running but sensitive nutrition interventions have not been maximized, communication is limited due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the available resources are adequate, and there are policy guidelines that are known and understood by policy implementers, coordination is not optimal. , the economic and social environment is not yet sufficiently supportive and the political environment is sufficiently supportive of policies. In conclusion, the implementation of the policy to accelerate stunting prevention during the COVID-19 pandemic has not run optimally, with constraints on human resource variables, coordination, as well as the economic and social environment. Thus, the implementation of convergence still needs to be improved by carrying out activities in a coordinated manner between institutions. Socialization to the community continues to be intensified so that policy objectives can be achieved. This policy need to be adjusted with the latest Presidential Regulation on accelerating stunting reduction.
