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Pelaut, khususnya mereka yang berada dalam peran menuntut seperti awak kapal tugboat, menghadapi tekanan yang dapat memengaruhi kesehatan mental secara signifikan. Meskipun peran krusial mereka dalam perdagangan global, kesejahteraan psikologis para profesional ini seringkali kurang tergarap. Penelitian ini menganalisis faktor-faktor risiko depresi, kecemasan, serta stres kerja pada 36 awak kapal tugboat di PT. X pada tahun 2024. Seluruh partisipan menunjukkan indikasi gejala moderat hingga parah pada ketiga indikator psikologis tersebut. Mayoritas awak kapal (berusia 30 tahun dan sudah menikah) melaporkan bahwa pengaruh keluarga berkontribusi positif terhadap rasa aman dan kepuasan. Namun, proporsi yang signifikan juga mengungkapkan kekhawatiran mengenai rendahnya umpan balik dan komitmen di lingkungan kerja mereka. Meskipun keamanan kapal secara umum dianggap memadai dan tekanan kerja dinilai seimbang, sebagian besar responden telah bekerja lebih dari lima tahun. Analisis statistik menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara pengaruh keluarga dan tekanan kerja dengan depresi. Lebih lanjut, pengaruh keluarga, tekanan kerja, dan keamanan kapal secara kolektif berkontribusi terhadap stres dan kecemasan. Temuan ini menggarisbawahi peran krusial dukungan keluarga, dampak tuntutan tempat kerja, dan persepsi keamanan dalam membentuk kesejahteraan mental para pelaut. Studi ini menyoroti tantangan kesehatan mental dalam kelompok pekerjaan yang rentan ini untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup dan keselamatan operasional mereka secara keseluruhan.
Kata Kunci: Kesehatan Mental Pelaut, Stres Kerja, Awak Kapal Tugboat, Faktor Risiko
Seafarers, particularly those in demanding roles like tugboat crews, face unique stressors that can significantly impact their mental health. Despite their critical role in global trade, the psychological well-being of these professionals often remains understudied. This study investigated the risk factors of depression, anxiety, and work-related stress among 36 tugboat crew members at PT. X in 2024. All participants exhibited moderate to severe symptoms across all three psychological indicators. The majority of the crew (aged 30, married) reported that family influence positively contributed to feelings of security and satisfaction. However, a notable proportion also expressed concerns regarding low feedback and commitment within their work environment. While ship safety was generally perceived as adequate, and work pressure was considered balanced, a substantial number of respondents had worked for over five years. Statistical analysis revealed a significant association between family influence and work pressure with depression. Furthermore, family influence, work pressure, and ship safety collectively contributed to both stress and anxiety. These findings underscore the critical role of familial support, the impact of workplace demands, and perceived safety in shaping the mental well-being of seafarers. The study highlights mitigating mental health challenges in this vulnerable occupational group, thus improving their overall quality of life and operational safety. Keywords: Seafarer Mental Health, Occupational Stress, Tugboat Crew, Risk Factors
ABSTRAK
Awak kapal feri mempunyai karakteristik kerja yang unik, jadwal kerja 24 jamterus menerus di kapal dengan libur hanya 3 hari sebulan, terpajan risiko kondisilingkungan kerja yang dapat menjadi penyebab timbulnya stres kerja. Stres kerjaawak kapal jika tidak ditanggulangi akan berpengaruh terhadap kesehatannya sertakeselamatan kapal dan penumpang. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk memperolehgambaran faktor pekerjaan (job content-job context), yang berhubungan denganstres kerja pada awak kapal feri non perwira di pelabuhan Telaga Punggur.Metode yang digunakan adalah Cross Sectional Descriptive Research, pengukurandata menggunakan kuesioner, analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat.Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan 35 % responden mengalami stres kerja dan 65 %tidak mengalami stres kerja. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan faktor yangmempunyai hubungan bermakna dengan stres kerja adalah kondisi lingkungankerja, dimana awak kapal yang mempunyai persepsi bahwa kondisi lingkungankerja di kapal berbahaya mempunyai peluang lebih besar mengalami stres kerjadibanding awak kapal yang menganggap lingkungan kerja di kapal tidakberbahaya.
ABSTRACT
The ferry's crew has a unique job characteristics, 24 hours work schedulecontinuously on the ship with only three days off a month, being exposed to the riskof working environment conditions that can cause an incidence of work stress.Work stress of the crew will have an effect on their health and also to the safety ofthe ship and its passengers. The purpose of the research was to gain an overview ofwork factors (job content-job context) related to work stress on the ferry crew inThe Telaga Punggur Port 2013. The method used is Cross Sectional DescriptiveResearch, measurement data using questionnaires, analysis of the data done byunivariate and bivariat. Research results obtained 35% of ferry crew experienced astressful job and 65% are not subjected to the stress of work. Results of statisticaltests indicate factor that have a meaningful relationship with work stress is acondition of the work environment, where the crew had the perception that theenvironmental conditions of work on board is harmfull has a chance of greaterstress than crew who consider the work environment on board is not harmfull.
DKI Jakarta is one of the cities in Indonesia that has high mobility. Developments in information and technology also encourage the developments of the transportation sector, including the invention of online motorcycle taxi applications. Although it is considered to have many benefits, online motorcycle taxi drivers have a very high risk of having a traffic accident that caused by risk riding behavior. Risky riding behavior can be influenced by individual characteristics, perceptions of driving risks, and driving knowledge. This study is a cross-sectional study that analyzes the influence of individual characteristics, perceptions of driving risk, and driving knowledge on risky behavior while driving on online motorcycle taxi drivers in DKI Jakarta in 2021. Two hundred five online motorcycle taxi drivers were involved in this study by filling out an online questionnaire. The results of the study, it is known that the majority of online motorcycle taxi drivers in DKI Jakarta respondents have low-risk riding behavior (87.8%), high knowledge of riding practice (97.1%), and good riding risk perceptions (97.1%). From the analysis, it is known that knowledge of riding practice can significantly influence the risky riding behavior (p-value = 0.025) and perceptions of driving risk also can significantly influences the risky riding behavior (p-value = 0.025). Based on binary logistic regression analysis, it is known that the factor that most influences risky riding behavior is a sub-variable of the perception of riding risk, namely perception of driving risk control. This study result also shows that the value of safety based on driving knowledge is not the primary value possessed by online motorcycle taxi drivers in DKI Jakarta. Perception of risk on respondents is strongly related to economic value. Although risky riding behavior tends to be insignificant. However, it is still necessary to regularly maintain and increase the riding risk perception and practice knowledge to prevent and minimize the road accidents
