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This study was motivated by differences in the proportion of Low Birth Weight (LBW) cases based on the level of iron supplementation consumption. LBW incidence was found to be higher among pregnant women who did not consume iron supplementation according to recommendations, raising the assumption that there may be a relationship between supplementation consumption and infant birth weight. However, several previous studies have shown inconsistent results regarding this association. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between iron supplementation consumption during pregnancy and infant birth weight. The study used a cross-sectional design with a secondary data analysis approach, utilizing data from the 2023 Indonesia Health Survey. The sample included 51,797 mothers who had delivered a live baby in the past five years and were recorded as having received or purchased iron supplementation during pregnancy. The average birth weight of the infants was 3,101 grams, while the average TTD consumption among pregnant women was 70 tablets, still below the government's recommended amount. The analysis results showed a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.007 and a p-value of 0.126, indicating no significant relationship between iron supplementation consumption and infant birth weight. Other variables such as health insurance ownership and exposure to cigarette smoke also showed no significant relationship. However, factors such as maternal education, parity, place of residence, pregnancy risk, ANC visits, and gestational age at first TTD intake showed significant associations.
Breast milk is the best nutrition to optimize baby growth and development and the baby's immune system. WHO recommends exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months. Early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) is the key of exclusive breastfeeding?s success. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between EIBF and exclusive breastfeeding for infants 0-5 months in Indonesia according to the 2017 IDHS. This research was a cross-sectional study using the 2017 IDHS. The population of this study were all of fertile women 15- 49 years old in Indonesia, a sample of 1243 women on fertile age who have the children 0-5 months and still breastfeeding and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The dependent variable in this study was exclusive breastfeeding, the main independent variable EIBF and the covariates were age, parity, education, employment status, economic status, area of residence, frequency of ANC visits, place of delivery, delivery method and birth attendant. The analysis for this research is univariate analysis, bivariate with chi square and multivariate analysis with logistic regression. The results showed that the percentage of exclusive breastfeeding for infants 0-5 months in Indonesia (37,5%) and EIBF (39,5%). The results of the multivariate analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between early initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding after being controlled by covariate variables with (p=0.001 and OR=2.537) meaning that mothers who carried out early initiation of breastfeeding had a 2.537 chance of exclusive breastfeeding. In this study, there were no confounding variables between early initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding. Various efforts need to be done to increase the achievement of exclusive breastfeeding with optimizing the IEC process related to EIBF and exclusive breastfeeding, facilitating mothers to carry out EIBF according to procedures, training in the implementation of EIBF for every health worker who assists childbirth and the existence of integrated policies in every health facility from the center to areas related to the implementation of EIBF according to the flowchart.
One of the causes of infant mortality in Indonesia is infection. Immunization is an effective way to provide additional immunity to infants, protecting them from infections. Low immunization coverage can potentially lead to outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases (VPD). Therefore, strategies are needed to catch up, recover, and strengthen the system sustainably, thereby increasing basic immunization coverage. The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with the status of complete basic immunization among children in Indonesia. The study design used was cross-sectional, utilizing data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI). Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test. The study results found that the proportion of complete basic immunization coverage in Indonesia was only 32.4%. Statistical analysis showed that mother’s age (PR: 1,958; 95% CI: 1,15-3,33), maternal education level (PR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.18–1.44), ownership of health insurance (PR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.41–1.38), place of delivery (PR: 2.25; 95% CI: 1.77–2.86), frequency of ANC visits (PR: 1.61; 95% CI: 1.47–1.77), residence location (PR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.38–1.67), and paternal education level (PR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.09–1.32) were associated with the status of complete basic immunization in Indonesia.
Stunting merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang masih tinggi di Indonesia. Kehamilan pada usia remaja diduga menjadi salah satu faktor risiko yang berkontribusi terhadap kejadian stunting pada balita. Remaja yang menikah dan hamil di usia muda cenderung lebih rentan mengalami berbagai masalah kesehatan, seperti anemia, kekurangan nutrisi, dan komplikasi selama kehamilan. Kondisi-kondisi tersebut dapat berdampak negatif pada kesehatan bayi, termasuk meningkatkan risiko terjadinya stunting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara kehamilan usia remaja dengan kejadian stunting pada balita di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi dengan pendekatan cross-sectional, berdasarkan data Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) tahun 2023. Sebanyak 69.247 responden memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan seluruhnya diambil sebagai sampel penelitian. Analisis dilakukan dengan pendekatan kompleks sampling dan menerapkan pembobotan data. Uji chi-square dan regresi logistik digunakan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara kehamilan remaja dan stunting. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kehamilan usia remaja dan kejadian stunting pada anak (p-value= 0,021, OR= 1,261) setelah dikontrol oleh status ekonomi dan berinteraksi dengan tingkat pendidikan. Diperlukan upaya pencegahan kehamilan remaja sebagai bagian dari strategi intervensi penurunan angka stunting di Indonesia. Kata Kunci: kehamilan remaja, stunting, balita, survei kesehatan, Indonesia
Stunting remains a major public health issue in Indonesia. Adolescent pregnancy is suspected to be one of the risk factors contributing to stunting among children under five. Adolescents who marry and become pregnant at an early age are more vulnerable to various health problems, such as anemia, poor nutrition, and pregnancy complications. These conditions may negatively affect the health of their babies, increasing the risk of stunting. This study aimed to analyze the association between adolescent pregnancy and the incidence of stunting among children under five in Indonesia. This research employed a cross-sectional study design using data from the Indonesia Health Survey Data 2023 (Survei Kesehatan Indonesia/SKI). A total of 69,247 respondents met the inclusion criteria and were included as the study sample. Data analysis was conducted using a complex sampling approach with weight adjustments. Chi-square tests and logistic regression were used to examine the relationship between adolescent pregnancy and stunting. The analysis showed a significant association between adolescent pregnancy and stunting (p-value = 0.021; OR = 1.261), after controlling for economic status and examining interaction with educational level. Adolescent pregnancy is significantly associated with an increased risk of stunting in children. Preventing adolescent pregnancy should be considered a key strategy in reducing stunting rates in Indonesia.
