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Dental and oral health disorders have a fairly high rate in Indonesia, becoming a risk factor for non-communicable diseases that can increase morbidity and mortality rates in Indonesia. Indonesia is one of the countries with an abundant productive age population, so dental and oral health disorders that can affect productivity need to be addressed. This study aims to determine the proportion and determinants that influence the incidence of dental and oral health disorders in productive age people in Indonesia based on the results of the 2023 SKI. This study was a cross-sectional study design using data from the 2018 Indonesian Health Survey. A total of 486,994 subjects met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results of the multivariate analysis of the prediction model with cox regression showed that age, male gender, low education, frequent consumption of sweet foods, frequent consumption of sweet drinks, smoking, consumption of alcoholic beverages, and frequency of toothbrushing
Background: Pneumonia is one of the biggest causes of under-five deaths in Indonesia with 2,200 under-five deaths per day. Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) immunization is the most effective preventive measure against childhood pneumonia. Since its introduction in 2017 in Lombok and 2019 in Bangka Belitung, PCV immunization has been gradually expanded to several provinces and was officially included in the national routine immunization program in September 2022. However, by the end of 2023, complete PCV immunization coverage among children in Indonesia will only reach 62.7%, far below the national target (100%). This study aimed to analyze the association between predisposing, reinforcing, and enabling factors with PCV immunization completeness among children aged 12-23 months in Indonesia. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design with total sampling obtained 9,675 children aged 12-23 months who were respondents of SKI 2023. Univariate and bivariate analyses were conducted using the Chi-square test and simple logistic regression. Results: The national complete PCV immunization coverage in children aged 12-23 months was 32.1%. Factors significantly associated with PCV immunization completeness are having easy access to health facilities (OR = 7.71; 95% CI = 5.54-10.73), having complete basic immunization status (OR = 5.87; 95% CI = 5.29-6.51), living in Lesser Sunda Island (OR = 2.69; 95% CI = 2.03-3.56), was born assisted by a health worker (OR = 2.62; 95% CI = 1.23-5.58), had an immunization record (OR = 2.18; 95% CI = 1.92-2.47), and was born in a health facility (OR = 2.13; 95% CI: 1.76-2.60). Conclusion: The large odds ratio for children with easy access to health facilities implies that each local government needs to reduce disparities in access to health services such as adding health infrastructure in areas with difficult access and providing transportation subsidies or mobile immunization services for people from hard-to-reach areas.
Latar belakang: Masalah gizi stunting masih menjadi isu kesehatan masyarakat yang utama. Prevalensi stunting di Indonesia khususnya, pada bayi di bawah dua tahun (baduta) masih tergolong tinggi yakni 18.50%. Angka laju penurunan stunting pada baduta cenderung lamban dalam periode 10 tahun terakhir. Diperlukannya optimalisasi intervensi stunting terutama pada 1000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan (HPK) salah satunya, melalui pemeriksaan kehamilan (antenatal care).
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara kualitas pemeriksaan kehamilan terhadap kejadian stunting pada anak usia 6-23 bulan di Indonesia setelah di kontrol oleh variable lainnya pada ibu yakni; faktor sosiodemografi, kesehatan kehamilan dan kesehatan anak.
Metode: Studi ini berdesain cross-sectional, dimana faktor paparan dan outcome diukur pada satu waktu. Data yang digunakan adalah data Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) tahun 2023. Mengikutsertakan sebanyak 18.898 anak berusia 6-23 bulan yang ibunya sedang tidak hamil dan memiliki data pemeriksaan kehamilan lengkap pada instrumen SKI tahun 2023. Analisis hubungan menggunakan cog regression sedangkan, pada pengontrolan hubungan variable menggunakan metode time-dependent dan backward-elimination.
Hasil: Anak berusia 6-23 bulan di Indonesia yang ibunya tidak melakukan pemeriksaan kehamilan berkualitas berisiko 1.23 kali (aPR = 1.230, 95%CI: 1.111-1.361, p-value = 0,000) mengalami stunting setelah di kontrol oleh variabel kovariat lainnya.
Kesimpulan: Melakukan ANC minimal 4 kali dan menerima pelayanan ANC yang berkualitas dapat menurunkan resiko stunting pada baduta di Indoensia.
Hipertensi dan prehipertensi merupakan bagian dari spektrum penyakit kardiovaskular yang kini mulai banyak ditemukan pada kelompok usia produktif, dan berpotensi menjadi penyebab utama beban penyakit tidak menular (PTM) jika tidak tertangani sejak dini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan proporsi kejadian hipertensi dan prehipertensi berdasarkan jenis kelamin pada remaja dan dewasa muda (15–34 tahun) di Indonesia, serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor risiko yang terkait. Studi ini menggunakan desain potong lintang dengan analisis data sekunder dari Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) tahun 2023. Sampel terdiri dari 16.961 responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Analisis dilakukan melalui uji chisquare dan regresi logistik dengan nilai p value ≤ 0,05. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa proporsi
hipertensi lebih tinggi pada perempuan (17,6%) dibandingkan laki-laki (16,0%), sedangkan prehipertensi lebih tinggi pada laki-laki (19,2%) dibandingkan perempuan (15,1%). Faktor usia, status gizi, aktivitas fisik, perilaku merokok dan konsumsi alkohol, serta determinan sosial seperti pendidikan dan pekerjaan menunjukkan asosiasi dengan kejadian hipertensi dan prehipertensi, terutama pada kelompok laki-laki. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan perlunya kebijakan kesehatan berbasis gender yang fokus pada promosi dan pencegahan hipertensi di usia produktif, serta peningkatan deteksi dini untuk memanfaatkan bonus demografi secara optimal.
Hypertension and prehypertension are part of the spectrum of cardiovascular diseases that are increasingly prevalent among the productive age group and have the potential to become a major burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) if not addressed early. This study aims to describe the proportion of hypertension and prehypertension cases by sex among adolescents and young adults (aged 15–34 years) in Indonesia, as well as to identify the associated risk factors. A cross-sectional design was employed using secondary data from the 2023 Indonesia Health Survey (SKI). The sample consisted of 16,961 respondents who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were analyzed using chi-square tests and logistic regression with a p value threshold of ≤ 0.05. The results showed that the proportion of hypertension was higher in females (17.6%) than in males (16.0%), while the proportion of prehypertension was higher in males (19.2%) than in females (15.1%). Factors such as age, nutritional status, physical activity, smoking and alcohol consumption behaviors, as well as social determinants like education and occupation, were found to be associated with hypertension and prehypertension, particularly among males. This study recommends the development of gender-sensitive health policies focusing on the promotion and prevention of hypertension among individuals in their productive years, alongside improved early detection efforts to optimize the benefits of the demographic dividend.
