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Depresi menjadi salah satu masalah gangguan mental yang paling umum terjadi dan merupakan penyebab utama disabilitas di dunia terutama pada kelompok anak muda. Di Indonesia, prevalensi depresi tertinggi terjadi pada kelompok usia 15-24 tahun dan 61% diantaranya pernah berpikiran untuk mengakhiri hidup. Gaya hidup, termasuk pola makan, juga berperan dalam kejadian depresi. Saat ini, tren pola konsumsi makanan di Indonesia cenderung tidak sehat. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pola makan dengan kejadian depresi pada anak muda usia 15-24 tahun di Indonesia berdasarkan data SKI 2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi potong lintang dengan analisis univariat, bivariat dan stratifikasi berdasarkan usia, jenis kelamin, status ekonomi, wilayah tempat tinggal, aktivitas fisik, kebiasaan merokok, dan konsumsi alkohol. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan. Pola makan tidak sehat berhubungan signifikan dengan peningkatan risiko depresi pada anak muda usia 15–24 tahun di Indonesia (OR=1,40; 95% CI: 1,21–1,61). Hubungan pola makan dan kejadian depresi ini dipengaruhi oleh kelompok usia dan wilayah tempat dengan hubungan yang kuat pada kelompok remaja usia 15-19 tahun dan tinggal di wilayah perkotaan. Pencegahan depresi pada anak muda perlu didukung dengan edukasi pola makan sehat dan peningkatan akses terhadap makanan sehat.
Depression is one of the most common mental health problems and a leading cause of disability worldwide, especially among young people. In Indonesia, the highest prevalence of depression occurs in the 15–24 age group, with 61% of them having experienced suicidal thoughts. Lifestyle factors, including dietary patterns, also play a role in the occurrence of depression. Currently, dietary consumption trends in Indonesia tend to be unhealthy. Therefore, this study aims to examine the relationship between dietary patterns and the incidence of depression among young people aged 15–24 in Indonesia based on the 2023 SKI data. This cross-sectional study employs univariate, bivariate, and stratified analyses based on age, sex, socioeconomic status, residential area, physical activity, smoking habits, and alcohol consumption. The results show that unhealthy dietary patterns are significantly associated with an increased risk of depression in Indonesian youth aged 15–24 (OR=1.40; 95% CI: 1.21–1.61). The association was influenced by age group and region of residence with a strong association in youth aged 15-19 years and living in urban areas.. Although a higher risk of depression was also seen among alcohol consumers, this was not statistically significant. Prevention of depression in young people should be supported by education on healthy eating and improved access to healthy foods.
Latar belakang: Masalah gizi stunting masih menjadi isu kesehatan masyarakat yang utama. Prevalensi stunting di Indonesia khususnya, pada bayi di bawah dua tahun (baduta) masih tergolong tinggi yakni 18.50%. Angka laju penurunan stunting pada baduta cenderung lamban dalam periode 10 tahun terakhir. Diperlukannya optimalisasi intervensi stunting terutama pada 1000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan (HPK) salah satunya, melalui pemeriksaan kehamilan (antenatal care).
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara kualitas pemeriksaan kehamilan terhadap kejadian stunting pada anak usia 6-23 bulan di Indonesia setelah di kontrol oleh variable lainnya pada ibu yakni; faktor sosiodemografi, kesehatan kehamilan dan kesehatan anak.
Metode: Studi ini berdesain cross-sectional, dimana faktor paparan dan outcome diukur pada satu waktu. Data yang digunakan adalah data Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) tahun 2023. Mengikutsertakan sebanyak 18.898 anak berusia 6-23 bulan yang ibunya sedang tidak hamil dan memiliki data pemeriksaan kehamilan lengkap pada instrumen SKI tahun 2023. Analisis hubungan menggunakan cog regression sedangkan, pada pengontrolan hubungan variable menggunakan metode time-dependent dan backward-elimination.
Hasil: Anak berusia 6-23 bulan di Indonesia yang ibunya tidak melakukan pemeriksaan kehamilan berkualitas berisiko 1.23 kali (aPR = 1.230, 95%CI: 1.111-1.361, p-value = 0,000) mengalami stunting setelah di kontrol oleh variabel kovariat lainnya.
Kesimpulan: Melakukan ANC minimal 4 kali dan menerima pelayanan ANC yang berkualitas dapat menurunkan resiko stunting pada baduta di Indoensia.
This study analyzes the relationship between the frequency of diarrhea episodes and stunting in toddlers aged 12-36 months in Tamansari sub-district, Bogor district in 2019. Stunting or often called dwarf or short is a condition of growth failure in children under five years due to chronic malnutrition and recurrent infections especially in the period of the First 1,000 days of life, from fetuses to children aged 23 months. The child is classified as stunting if the length or height is below minus two standard deviations. The prevalence of stunting in Tamansari subdistrict in 2019 is 23.01%. Cross sectional research method with cox regression analysis, primary data were taken in July 2019 in Tamansari sub-district, Bogor district from 50 active posyandu with a total sample of 441 toddlers, proportional random sampling technique. The results of the study were 163 (36.96%) stunting toddlers, there were 121 (27.44%) toddlers with diarrhea episode frequencies >1 time, the final cox regression analysis model showed a significant relationship between the frequency of diarrhea episodes with
stunting with a PR = 1 , 71 (95% CI: 1.24-2.34; p-value: 0.001) which means that toddlers with a frequency of diarrhea episodes >1 time have a chance of experiencing stunting 1.71 times higher when compared with toddlers whose frequency of diarrhea episodes ≤ 1 time after sanitation control and a history of exclusive breastfeeding.
Prevalence of school-age children stunting was 32% in 2001, to 30% in 2004, increasedto 33.4% in 2007, decreased again in 2010 to 28.3%, but increased again in 2013 to31.7%. Stunting occurs mostly in children who live in slums with inadequate intake andrecurrent disease infections. The level of maternal education affects provision of food,which mother whose higher education tend to choose nutritious foods compared withmothers whose low education. This study aims to know relationship the mother educationwith stunting in school-age children in slum area of Basic Health Research (Riskesdas)in 2013 and research design is cross sectional. The population is school-age children 5-18 years old in slums. The results of multivariate analysis with cox regression showedthat school-age children with low mothers education had a chance of 1,327 (95% CI,1,246-1,414) times of stunting incidence compared with school-aged children with highmaternal education after controlled by father's work and maternal education interact withinfectious diseases. Needs to do education programs for the care and education ofcommunity nutrition for mothers who live in slums by counseling and home visits.Keywords: Stunting, school-age children, slums.
According to Riskesdas 2013 and 2018, the highest prevalence of pneumonia in childrenunder five are the children aged 12-23 months. This study aims to identify the prevalenceand factors associated with pneumonia among children aged 12-23 months in Jawa Island.The study design used for this study is cross sectional with total sample of 2.695 children.Bivariate analysis is performed to identify factors associated with pneumonia. The resultsshow the prevalence of pneumonia among children aged 12-23 months is 5,5%. Measlesimmunization is significantly associated with pneumonia (POR= 1,743; 95% CI= 1,077-2,822). This study supports the importance of measles vaccination to prevent pneumonia.Intervention that can be implemented by the government is increasing measlesimmunization coverage through measles vaccination campaigns.Key words:Children Aged 12-23 Months, Pneumonia, Jawa Island.
WHO estimates that there are 8 million people with Down syndrome in the world he specific cause is not yet known, but pregnancy by mothers over the age 35 years of high risk of having Down syndrome children. In mothers over 35 years of age, the incidence increases to 1 in 300 births. Meanwhile, for mothers over 40 years of age, the incidence increases drastically, reaching 1 in 10 births. This study aims to determine the relationship between maternal age at pregnancy and the incidence of Down syndrome in children aged 0-59 months in Indonesia based on 2018 Riskesdas data. t is necessary to educate productive women about the risks of pregnancy at old age
