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Latar Belakang : Kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) hingga saat ini masih menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia, terutama pada daerah perkotaan seperti Kota Administrasi Jakarta Barat. Variabel iklim berupa suhu udara, tingkat kelembaban, serta curah hujan diketahui berhubungan dengan perubahan jumlah kasus DBD karena faktor-faktor tersebut memengaruhi pertumbuhan dan aktivitas nyamuk Aedes spp. sebagai vektor penular penyakit. Kajian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktor iklim yang mencakup suhu udara, kelembaban udara, serta curah hujan terhadap kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) di Kota Administrasi Jakarta Barat selama periode 2016–2025. Metode : Dalam kajian ini digunakan metode kuantitatif dengan rancangan ekologi time series untuk menganalisis data penelitian. Data yang dipakai merupakan data sekunder berupa jumlah kejadian DBD yang diperoleh dari Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi DKI Jakarta, sedangkan data terkait iklim seperti suhu udara, kelembaban udara, serta curah hujan bersumber dari NASA POWER. Teknik analisis yang diterapkan meliputi analisis univariat serta bivariat, dengan pengujian korelasi menggunakan Pearson atau Spearman berdasarkan hasil uji normalitas masing-masing variabel. Hasil : Temuan kajian ini memperlihatkan jika keterkaitan antara faktor iklim berupa suhu udara serta kelembaban udara terhadap kejadian DBD lebih dominan pada Lag 1 dibandingkan Lag 2. Hubungan negatif yang signifikan ditemukan pada tahun 2021 serta 2023. Di sisi lain, faktor iklim curah hujan memperlihatkan hubungan yang lebih kuat pada Lag 2 daripada Lag 1.
Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) remains one of the major public health problems in Indonesia, particularly in urban areas such as the Administrative City of West Jakarta. Climate variables, including air temperature, humidity levels, and rainfall, are known to be associated with changes in the number of DHF cases because these factors influence the growth and activity of Aedes spp. mosquitoes as disease vectors. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between climate factors, namely air temperature, air humidity, and rainfall, and the incidence of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in the Administrative City of West Jakarta during the 2016–2025 period. Methods: This study employed a quantitative method with a time-series ecological design to analyze the research data. The data used were secondary data consisting of the number of DHF cases obtained from the DKI Jakarta Provincial Health Office, while climate-related data such as air temperature, air humidity, and rainfall were sourced from NASA POWER. The analytical techniques applied included univariate and bivariate analyses, with correlation testing using Pearson or Spearman methods based on the normality test results of each variable.Results: The findings of this study indicate that the relationship between climate factors, specifically air temperature and air humidity, and DHF incidence was stronger at Lag 1 compared to Lag 2. Significant negative relationships were identified in 2021 and 2023. Meanwhile, the climate factor of rainfall demonstrated a stronger relationship at Lag 2 than at Lag 1.
Dengue is a systematic viral infection, which is transmitted between humans by the Aedes mosquito. Currently, dengue is the fastest spreading vector-borne disease in the world and the highest prevalence rate di the tropical and subtropical regions. Indonesia ranks the second highest in dengue cases among 30 dengue endemic countries in the world. DKI Jakarta and West Java Provinces contributed approximately 33% of the total dengue cases throughout Indonesia in the 1999-2018 period, while Bengkulu Province ranks the lowest for the number of dengue cases within the same period. This study aims to find the effects of climate factors to the number of dengue case in 1999-2018 period. Timetrend ecologic study design is conducted in this research. The inclusion criteria for the district or city to be selected as sample study, is that the district or city must have at least one weather station within its administrative area, and that the whole administrative area (100%) of the district or city must be within 15 kilometers radius from the location of the weather station. The highest number of dengue case in Bandung City and Bengkulu City occurred in January-February period, while in the Administrative City of Central Jakarta occurred in March-April-May period. The highest rainfall in Bandung City and Bengkulu City occurred in November-December period, while in the Administrative City of Central Jakarta occurred in January-February-March period. The highest temperature in the Administrative City of Central Jakarta and Bandung City occurred in September-October period, while in Bengkulu City occurred in April-May period. The highest relative humidity in Bandung City and Bengkulu City occurred in November-December period, while in the Administrative City of Central Jakarta occurred in January-February period. Rainfall is significantly associated (pvalue<0.05) with the number of dengue case at 2-months lag in the Administrative City of Central Jakarta (15 years), Bandung City (13 years) and Bengkulu City (3 years). Temperature is significantly associated (pvalue<0.05) with the number of dengue case at 2-months lag in the Administrative City of Central Jakarta (10 years), Bandung City (2 years), and Bengkulu City (2 years). Relative humidity is significantly associated (pvalue<0.05) with the number of dengue case at 2-months lag in the Administrative City of Central Jakarta (13 years), Bandung City (10 years), and Bengkulu City (2 years)
Kata kunci: demam berdarah dengue (DBD); iklim
Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) in South Jakarta Administration City was fluctuating during 2012 - 2016 and in 2016 the incidence rate (IR) was more than tripled from the previous year. This study aims to determine the relationship between climatic factors (rainfall, humidity, temperature) and population density with the incidence rate (IR) of DHF. This study is a time series ecology study and was analyzed by correlation test. Incidence rate (IR) data was obtained from the South Jakarta District Health Office. Monthly climate data was obtained from the Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Department of Jakarta. Population density data was obtained from the Central Statistics Department of DKI Jakarta. The results demonstrate that temperature and population density have no significant correlation with dengue incidence rate (p > 0,05). The incidence rate (IR) had a significant correlation with rainfall (r = 0.384; p = 0.002), humidity (r = 0.496; p = 0,000).
Key words: climate; dengue
Kata kunci: faktor risiko, faktor pengendalian, angka insiden, dengue, Jakarta Pusat
The focus of this study is to analyse the risk and control factors affecting Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) incidence rates in Central Jakarta in 2015-2019. The purpose of this study is to understand how risk and control factors of DHF may affect the incidence rates in Central Jakarta in reaching the lowest number which could be learnt by other cities in Indonesia, especially those with the same social and environmental characteristics. The data of variables collected were analysed using Pearson Product Moment and Spearman correlation test. Results are showing insignificant relations. The researcher suggests a further study with a more comprehensive variables and data.
Key words: risk factors, control factors, incidence rate, dengue, Central Jakarta
Penyalkit demam berdarah merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia, yang cenderung semakin Iuas distribusinya sejalan dengan meningkatnya mobilitas dan kepadatan penduduk. Seluruh wilayah Indonwia mempunyai resiko untuk kejangkitan penyakit DBD, dikarenakan memiliki koudisi lingkungan yang sama sebagai kesatuan wilayah ekologis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan kejadian demam berdarah dengan lingkungan fisik mmah meliputi lingkungan dalam rumah, linglcungan luar mmah. Suhu, pencahayaan, kelembaban dan keberadaan jentik sedangkan karakteristik individu meliputi umur, pendidikan, perilaku , pengctahuan. Rancangan penelitian ini adalalah kasus kontrol dengan menggunakan analitik. Sebagai rcspondennya adalah orang yang terkena penyakit DBD yang telah di diagnosis doktcr dan uji laboratolium IgG dan IgM , sorta kontrol adalah tetanga penderita di wilayah Kota metro, dcngan jumlah 100 kasus dan 100 kontrol. Data di ambil dengau wawancara, obscrvasi dan melakukan pengukuran. Data-data yang terkumpul di olah dengan tahapan editing data, coding data, entry data, cleaning data. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisis univariat, bivariat dengan uji kai kudrat, dan multivamiat dengan regresi logistik. Di dapatkan hasil akhir ada hubungan yang bcrmakna antara kejadian DBD dengan keheradaan jentik, kejadian DBD dcngan umur, kejadian DBD dengan kelembaban dan kejadian DBD dengan pendidikan. Faktor yang dominan terhadap kejadian DBD adalah faktor jentik. Dari hasil yang di dapat disarankan pada pemerintah daerah untuk dapat melihat kcberadaan jentik melalui Angka bebas jentik, indeks house dan kontainer serta melaksanakan trias UKS pada anak sckolah yaim pendidikan kesehatan, pelayanan keschatan dan pembinaan lingkungan sekolah sehat scrta mcmbuat prioritas program pada daerah endemik, pendidikan rcndah Serta daerah yang banyak anak-anak. Sedangkan pada Dinas Kesehatan dan Puskesmas diharapkan ada kerjasama dengan BMG, melaksanakan pendidikan kesehatan melalui kader dan melaksanakan 3 M secara intensif, dan untuk peneliti diharaikan ada penelitian lebih lanjut.
Dengue Fever is one of public health problems in Indonesia, its distribution tends to wider due to the increaseing of mobility and population density. All of Indonesian’s area is having risk of dengue fever infection, because it has similar environmental condition as united of ecological zone. The research aimed to know the relation between dengue fever case with housing environment covers internal house environment (indoor), extemal house environment (outdoor), temperature, lighting, humidity and mosquito larva existence while respondent characteristic covers age, education, behavior, and knowledge. The research methodology is analytical case control. People who have been diagnose having dengue fever by the doctor and IgG and IgM laboratory test as respondents I case, while control is the neighbor of the patient at Metro City, there is 100 case and 100 control. Data collected by interview, observation and measurement. The collected data processed with several steps: data editing, data coding, data entry, and data cleaning. Furthermore it analyzed with univariate analysis and bivariate with chi square and multivariate with logistic regression. The research final result show that there is a significant relation between; dengue fever case with mosquito larva existence, dengue fever case with age, dengue fever case with humidity, and dengue fever case with education. The most dominant factor toward dengue fever case is the mosquito larva. From the obtained result its suggest to the government to observe the mosquito larva trough the mosquito larva level, housing index and container and held the Trias UKS at school; health services, health education, and the founding of school environmental and make priority programs at endemic area, low education, and children areas. While the Health Department and Public Health Center expected to cooperate with BMG, to held health education trough forming of cadre and conduct 3M intensively and to conduct further research.
Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an infectious disease transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes who infected with dengue virus. DHF have been affecting more than 100 tropical and sub-tropical countries in the world. Around 1.8 billion (more than 70%) of the population at risk of dengue fever worldwide live in countries of Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific Region, including Indonesia. In 2016, DKI Jakarta was assigned the status of outbreak of DHF, with a total of 22,697 cases and an incidence rate (IR) of 220.8 per 100,000 population. West Jakarta is one of the regions with the highest DHF incidence rate compared to other cities in DKI Jakarta. This study aims to determine the spatial analysis of the incidence of dengue in West Jakarta in 2015-2019 by considering several factors such as demographics, climate, and larval free index. This study uses an ecological study with a spatial analysis approach and correlation analysis to see the strength of the relationship between the incidence of DHF with factors of population density, climate, and larvae free index. Spatially the incidence of DHF tends to occur in areas with high density and low larvae free index. Statistically, correlation analysis shows that there is a significant relationship between population density, air humidity, and rainfall with the incidence of DHF. Meanwhile, there is no significant correlation between the air temperature and larvae free index with the incidence of DHF in West Jakarta. Result shows that from 56 urban villages in West Jakarta, there are 53 urban villages that are categorized as high vulnerability, and 3 urban villages categorized as medium vulnerability. The high problem of dengue cases in West Jakarta makes the authorities should increase efforts or planning and optimize community empowerment in eradicating dengue cases. Keywords: Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF), Population Density, Climate, Larvae Free Index, Spatial Analysis.