Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh safety leadership, production pressure, dan safety knowledge terhadap safety performance, baik secara langsung maupun melalui safety awareness sebagai mediator, pada pekerja first line industri manufaktur otomotif. Penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain eksplanatori cross- sectional ini melibatkan 432 responden dari Plant 1 dan Plant 2 Perusahaan X. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner terstruktur dan dianalisis menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling berbasis Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) dengan SmartPLS 4. Model pengukuran terdiri atas 52 indikator final yang telah memenuhi kriteria validitas dan reliabilitas. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa safety leadership (β = 0,342), safety knowledge (β = 0,318), dan production pressure (β = -0,198) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap safety awareness. Safety awareness (β = 0,452) merupakan prediktor dengan koefisien jalur terbesar menuju safety performance, diikuti safety leadership (β = 0,218), safety knowledge (β = 0,176), dan production pressure (β = -0,143). Safety awareness terbukti memediasi secara parsial pengaruh ketiga variabel eksogen terhadap safety performance (H8–H10 didukung). Model mampu menjelaskan 48,6% varians safety awareness dan 61,2% varians safety performance (SRMR = 0,062). Implikasi praktis penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya penguatan praktik safety leadership, pengelolaan production pressure yang terstruktur, peningkatan safety knowledge berbasis risiko, serta pengembangan safety awareness sebagai mekanisme kognitif kunci dalam pembentukan perilaku keselamatan di industri manufaktur.

This study examined the influence of safety leadership, production pressure, and safety knowledge on safety performance, both directly and indirectly through safety awareness as a mediator, among first-line workers in an automotive manufacturing company. Using a quantitative cross-sectional explanatory design, data were collected from 432 respondents across Plant 1 and Plant 2 of Company X via structured questionnaires. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) using SmartPLS 4 was employed for analysis, with a final measurement model comprising 52 validated indicators. Results showed that safety leadership (β = 0.342), safety knowledge (β = 0.318), and production pressure (β = -0.198) significantly predicted safety awareness. Safety awareness (β = 0.452) had the largest direct path coefficient toward safety performance, followed by safety leadership (β = 0.218), safety knowledge (β = 0.176), and production pressure (β = -0.143). Safety awareness partially mediated the effects of all three exogenous variables on safety performance (H8–H10 supported). The model explained 48.6% of variance in safety awareness and 61.2% in safety performance (SRMR = 0.062). Practical implications emphasize the importance of strengthening safety leadership practices — particularly feedback and recognition — managing production pressure systematically, enhancing risk-specific safety knowledge, and developing safety awareness as the primary cognitive mechanism driving safe work behavior in manufacturing environments.

Kecelakaan kerja masih menjadi persoalan serius di sektor pertambangan karena industri ini tergolong berisiko tinggi, sementara safety performance kerap digunakan sebagai indikator kinerja keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (K3). Penelitian yang ada masih relatif menguji safety performance dari satu faktor secara terpisah. Oleh karena penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh praktik manajemen K3 terhadap safety performance melalui safety knowledge pada pekerja industri pertambangan tahun 2026. Desain yang digunakan adalah cross-sectional dengan metode survei yang diisi oleh 769 pekerja di dua perusahaan pertambangan di Indonesia. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner dan dianalisis secara bivariat dengan uji Chi-Square serta secara multivariat menggunakan Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usia (p=0,01) dan posisi pekerjaan (p=0,029) memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan safety performance, sedangkan masa kerja (p=0,801) dan pendidikan (p=0,97) tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa praktik manajemen K3 berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap safety performance, praktik manajemen K3 juga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap safety knowledge, serta safety knowledge berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap safety performance. Selain itu, safety knowledge terbukti memediasi secara parsial pengaruh praktik manajemen K3 terhadap safety performance. Penelitian ini menyarankan agar perusahaan memperkuat konsistensi implementasi praktik manajemen K3, terutama aspek safety training dan safety communication and feedback, serta safety performance dalam aspek safety participation.

Workplace accidents remain a serious issue in the mining sector because the industry is considered high-risk, while safety performance is often used as an indicator of occupational safety and health (OHS) performance. Previous studies have relatively examined safety performance from a single factor separately. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the relationship between OHS management practices and safety performance through safety knowledge among mining workers in 2026. This study used a cross-sectional design with a survey method involving 769 workers from two mining companies in Indonesia. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed bivariately using the Chi-Square test and multivariately using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results showed that age (p = 0.01) and job position (p = 0.029) were significantly associated with safety performance, whereas years of service (p = 0.801) and education level (p = 0.97) were not significantly associated. The results also showed that OHS management practices had a positive and significant effect on safety performance, OHS management practices had a positive and significant effect on safety knowledge, and safety knowledge had a positive and significant effect on safety performance. In addition, safety knowledge was proven to partially mediate the effect of OHS management practices on safety performance. This study suggests that companies should strengthen the consistency of implementing OHS management practices, especially in safety training and safety communication and feedback, as well as improve safety performance in the aspect of safety participation.

Pada tahun 2023, industri penyediaan makanan dan minuman di Indonesia mencapai 4,85 juta usaha. Angka tersebut meningkat sebesar 21,13% dari tahun 2016 dengan total 4,01 juta usaha (Badan Pusat Statistik, 2024). Meskipun seringkali dianggap sederhana, proses pembuatan makanan dilakukan dengan menggunakan bantuan mesin-mesin bertekanan tinggi yang melibatkan interaksi antara manusia dengan mesin (Thohir et al., 2025). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan safety leadership dan safety behavior pada perusahaan industri makanan PT X tahun 2026 dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang diadaptasi dari (Lu and Yang, 2010) dan (Neal, Gri and Hart, 2000) sebagai data utama, serta dilakukan wawancara tidak terstruktur dan observasi di lapangan sebagai data kualitatif pendukung. Penelitian dilakukan kepada 239 responden dengan desain cross-sectional dan hubungan variabel dianalisis menggunakan Spearman’s rho karena data kuesioner berdistribusi tidak normal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa safety leadership berada pada kategori sangat tinggi dengan nilai 4,54 dan safety behavior juga berada pada kategori sangat tinggi dengan nilai 4,53. Hasil pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara safety leadership dan safety behavior (r = 0,749; p = 0,000). Hasil temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan keselamatan berperan sangat penting dalam membentuk perilaku keselamatan pekerja. Hasil wawancara dengan narasumber juga menguatkan temuan ini, bahwa partisipasi aktif, kebijakan, dan kepedulian yang ditunjukkan pemimpin menjadi faktor dapat mendorong terbentuknya perilaku keselamatan pekerja. Penelitian ini menyarankan agar perusahaan dapat meningkatkan partisipasi kepemimpinan keselamatan dan membentuk program program keselamatan bagi pekerja yang bersifat partisipatif. Saran lanjutan terkait penelitian ini agar dapat meneliti variabel mediasi lain yang mungkin dapat berpengaruh atau memperkuat hubungan antara safety leadership dan safety behavior.

In 2023, the food and beverage industry in Indonesia reached 4.85 million businesses, representing an increase of 21.13% compared to 2016, which recorded a total of 4.01 million businesses (Badan Pusat Statistik, 2024). Although frequently perceived as a relatively straightforward sector, the food production process in practice involves the operation of high-pressure machinery that demands intensive man-machine interaction (Thohir et al., 2025). This study aims to analyze the relationship between safety leadership and safety behavior in a food industry company, PT X, in 2026. Primary data were collected through a questionnaire adapted from Lu and Yang (2010) and Neal, Griffin, and Hart (2000), while supporting qualitative data were obtained through unstructured interviews and field observations. This study involved 239 respondents using a cross-sectional study design, and the relationship between variables was analyzed using Spearman's rho correlation test, given that the questionnaire data were not normally distributed. The results indicate that safety leadership was categorized as very high with a mean score of 4.54, and safety behavior was similarly categorized as very high with a mean score of 4.53. Hypothesis testing demonstrated a significant positive relationship between safety leadership and safety behavior (r = 0.749; p = 0.000), indicating that safety leadership plays a crucial role in shaping workers' safety behavior. These findings were further corroborated by interview results, which confirmed that active participation, the implementation of safety policies, and the concern demonstrated by leaders are factors that substantially contribute to the formation of safety behavior among workers. This study recommends that companies continuously enhance leadership participation in occupational safety and develop participatory safety programs that actively engage all workers. For future research, it is suggested that other mediating variables that may influence or strengthen the relationship between safety leadership and safety behavior be further investigated.

Kecelakaan kerja merupakan masalah serius yang berdampak luas pada individu dan organisasi, baik dari segi fisik, psikologis, maupun ekonomi, di mana jutaan pekerja setiap tahun mengalami cedera atau penyakit  akibat kerja yang dapat menurunkan produktivitas serta meningkatkan beban finansial perusahaan. Oleh karena itu, menciptakan iklim keselamatan yang kuat menjadi hal krusial dalam mencegah risiko kecelakaan kerja. Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh safety knowledge dan safety leadership terhadap safety climate di Perusahaan X dengan desain cross-sectional dan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sampel sebanyak 104 karyawan dipilih melalui proportionate stratified random sampling, sementara data dikumpulkan dengan kuesioner dan dianalisis menggunakan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun tingkat safety knowledge karyawan tergolong baik, variabel ini tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap safety climate, yang mengindikasikan bahwa pengetahuan saja tidak cukup dalam menciptakan lingkungan kerja yang aman. Sebaliknya, safety leadership memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap safety climate, menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan yang kuat dalam aspek keselamatan mampu meningkatkan kepatuhan dan kesadaran karyawan terhadap prosedur keselamatan. Oleh karena itu, penguatan kepemimpinan dan pelatihan keselamatan yang berkelanjutan menjadi langkah penting dalam membangun budaya keselamatan yang lebih baik.

 Workplace accidents are a serious problem with far-reaching physical, psychological and economic impacts on individuals and organizations, with millions of workers each year experiencing occupational injuries or illnesses that can reduce productivity and increase the financial burden on companies. Therefore, creating a strong safety climate is crucial in preventing the risk of workplace accidents. This study analyzes the effect of safety knowledge and safety leadership on safety climate in Company X with a cross-sectional design and quantitative approach. A sample of 104 employees was selected through proportionate stratified random sampling, while data was collected by questionnaire and analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results showed that although the level of safety knowledge of employees was good, this variable did not have a significant effect on safety climate, which indicates that knowledge alone is not enough to create a safe work environment. In contrast, safety leadership has a positive and significant effect on safety climate, indicating that strong leadership in safety aspects can increase employee compliance and awareness of safety procedures. Therefore, strengthening leadership and continuous safety training are important steps in building a better safety culture.

Keselamatan kerja merupakan aspek krusial dalam operasional perusahaan, khususnya pada sektor kelistrikan yang memiliki tingkat risiko tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara safety leadership dan safety perception terhadap safety behavior pada pekerja di site PT X tahun 2025. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah semikuantitatif dengan metode survei menggunakan kuesioner yang diisi oleh 87 responden. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman dan Pearson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif dan signifikan antara safety leadership dan safety behavior (r = 0,227; p = 0,035), serta antara safety leadership dan safety perception (r = 0,579; p = 0,000). Namun, tidak ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara safety perception dan safety behavior (r = 0,149; p = 0,169). Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan keselamatan memiliki peran penting dalam membentuk perilaku keselamatan pekerja, baik secara langsung maupun melalui persepsi terhadap keselamatan. Hasil wawancara dengan key person juga menguatkan bahwa keteladanan dan keterlibatan langsung pimpinan menjadi faktor yang mendorong budaya keselamatan yang positif. Penelitian ini menyarankan agar perusahaan meningkatkan efektivitas kepemimpinan keselamatan melalui pelatihan, keterlibatan aktif pemimpin, serta evaluasi berkelanjutan terhadap program keselamatan. Penelitian lanjutan direkomendasikan untuk mengeksplorasi faktor lain yang dapat memediasi atau memoderasi hubungan antarvariabel.

---

Occupational safety is a crucial aspect of company operations, especially in the electricity sector which carries a high level of risk. This study aims to examine the relationship between safety leadership and safety perception on safety behavior among workers at the PT X site in 2025. A semi-quantitative approach was employed using a survey method with questionnaires completed by 87 respondents. Data were analyzed using Spearman and Pearson correlation tests. The results indicate a positive and significant relationship between safety leadership and safety behavior (r = 0.227; p = 0.035), as well as between safety leadership and safety perception (r = 0.579; p = 0.000). However, no significant relationship was found between safety perception and safety behavior (r = 0.149; p = 0.169). These findings suggest that safety leadership plays an important role in shaping workers’ safety behavior, both directly and indirectly through safety perception. Interviews with key persons also support the conclusion that leadership engagement and role modeling are key drivers of a positive safety culture. The study recommends that the company improve the effectiveness of safety leadership through targeted training, active leadership involvement, and continuous evaluation of safety programs. Future research is encouraged to explore other variables that may mediate or moderate the relationships among these constructs.

Sektor konstruksi merupakan salah satu sektor dengan tingkat risiko kecelakaan kerja yang tinggi, di mana iklim keselamatan organisasi diyakini berperan penting dalam membentuk perilaku keselamatan pekerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara iklim keselamatan dengan perilaku keselamatan melalui pengetahuan keselamatan dan motivasi keselamatan pada pekerja Proyek Y PT X tahun 2026, menggunakan kuesioner yang diadaptasi dari Griffin dan Neal (2000, 2006) sebagai data utama. Penelitian dilakukan pada 218 responden dengan desain cross sectional, dan data dianalisis menggunakan path analysis serta uji Sobel untuk menguji peran mediasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa iklim keselamatan berada pada kategori tinggi (mean = 3,45), dengan dimensi management values sebagai kontributor tertinggi (3,52) dan safety training sebagai yang terendah (3,39). Pengetahuan keselamatan (3,43) dan motivasi keselamatan (3,46) juga berada pada kategori tinggi, dengan motivasi keselamatan menjadi nilai rata-rata tertinggi dan pengetahuan keselamatan menjadi nilai rata-rata terendah di antara seluruh variabel. Perilaku keselamatan berada pada kategori tinggi (3,44) dengan dimensi safety compliance (3,48) lebih tinggi dibandingkan safety participation (3,38). Hasil pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa baik pengetahuan keselamatan (z = 9,134; p < 0,001) maupun motivasi keselamatan (z = 11,276; p < 0,001) sama-sama terbukti memediasi secara signifikan hubungan antara iklim keselamatan dan perilaku keselamatan. Berdasarkan demografi, terdapat variasi yang menarik: responden perempuan menilai keempat variabel keselamatan lebih positif dibandingkan laki-laki, kelompok usia 17–25 tahun menunjukkan iklim dan perilaku keselamatan tertinggi sementara kelompok usia 46–55 tahun memperoleh pengetahuan keselamatan terendah dan masuk kategori cukup baik, kelompok manajemen menilai seluruh variabel paling positif, dan kelompok berpendidikan SD/Sederajat berada pada kategori cukup baik untuk seluruh variabel. Temuan kunci penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa baik pengetahuan keselamatan maupun motivasi keselamatan sama-sama berperan sebagai jalur mediasi yang signifikan dalam membentuk perilaku keselamatan pekerja. Temuan ini menyarankan agar PT X terus memperkuat program-program yang membangun pengetahuan keselamatan maupun motivasi keselamatan pekerja secara seimbang, sebagai bagian integral dari strategi peningkatan perilaku keselamatan di proyek konstruksi.

Construction is one of the sectors with a high risk of work-related accidents, in which organizational safety climate is believed to play an important role in shaping workers' safety behavior. This study aims to analyze the relationship between safety climate and safety behavior through safety knowledge and safety motivation among workers at Project Y of PT X in 2026, using a questionnaire adapted from Griffin and Neal (2000, 2006) as the primary data source. The study was conducted on 218 respondents using a cross-sectional design, with data analyzed using path analysis and the Sobel test to examine the mediating role of the variables. The results show that safety climate falls into the high category (mean = 3.45), with the management values dimension as the highest contributor (3.52) and safety training as the lowest (3.39). Safety knowledge (3.43) and safety motivation (3.46) also fall into the high category, with safety motivation recording the highest mean score and safety knowledge the lowest mean score among all variables. Safety behavior falls into the high category (3.44), with safety compliance (3.48) higher than safety participation (3.38). Hypothesis testing results indicate that both safety knowledge (z = 9.134; p < 0.001) and safety motivation (z = 11.276; p < 0.001) significantly mediate the relationship between safety climate and safety behavior. Based on demographics, interesting variations were found: female respondents rated all four safety variables more positively than males; the 17–25 age group showed the highest safety climate and safety behavior scores while the 46–55 age group recorded the lowest safety knowledge score (falling into the moderately good category); the management group rated all variables most positively; and the SD/equivalent education group fell into the moderately good category across all variables. The key findings of this study indicate that both safety knowledge and safety motivation serve as significant mediating pathways in shaping workers' safety behavior. These findings suggest that PT X should continue to strengthen programs that build both safety knowledge and safety motivation in a balanced manner, as integral components of the strategy to enhance safety behavior in construction projects.

Perusahaan konstruksi memegang peranan penting dalam memberikan kontribusi terhadap jumlah pekerja yang mengalami kecelakaan kerja. Perusahaan konstruksi memiliki risiko kecelakaan kerja yang tinggi. Beberapa jenis pekerjaan dengan kategori risiko tinggi adalah pekerjaan di ketinggian, penggalian, ruang tertutup, dan operasi pengangkatan (lifting operations). Kecelakaan kerja di konstruksi negara berkembang, pertambangan, dan industri minyak dan gas telah meningkat setiap tahunnya. Kecelakaan kerja ini terjadi karena perilaku pekerja terkait keselamatan masih rendah. Dalam rangka untuk memenuhi kebutuhan BBM nasional maka melalui proyek migas dengan tujuan meningkatkan kapasitas kilang migas di Indonesia. Tesis ini menganalisis hubungan antara safety climate dan safety behaviour dengan mediasi dari gaya kepemimpinan transformasional dan transaksional pada proyek migas di Indonesia. Uji hipotesis diajukan dengan total 7 uji hipotesis langsung dan tidak langsung dengan 675 pekerja sebagai responden. Untuk menguji hipotesis, penelitian ini menggunakan metode structural equation modelling. Dari penelitian yang dilakukan diketahui bahwa beberapa uji hipotesis diterima atau terdapat hubungan yang positif antar variabel. Beberapa hasil uji hipotesis ditolak atau tidak terbukti secara empiris berpengaruh positif dan signifikan antar variabel.

Construction companies play an important role in contributing to the number of workers who experience work accidents. Construction companies have a high risk of work accidents. Some jobs with a high-risk category are working at heights, digging, confined spaces, and lifting operations. Occupational accidents in developing countries' construction, mining, and oil and gas industries have increased yearly. These work accidents occur because the behaviour of workers related to safety is still low. To meet the national demand for fuel oil through the oil and gas project by increasing the capacity of oil and gas refineries in Indonesia. Occupational accidents at one of the projects in Indonesia have increased quite a bit. This study analyses the relationship between safety climate on worker safety behaviour with mediation of transformational and transactional leadership styles. The hypothesis test was proposed with a total of 7 direct and indirect hypotheses tests with 675 workers as respondents. To test the hypothesis, this study uses the structural equation modelling method. From the research conducted, it was found that several hypothesis tests were accepted or that there was a positive relationship between variables. Several hypothesis test results were rejected or not empirically proven to have a positive and significant effect between variables.