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Prevalence diabetes is increasing rapidly especially in low and middle- income countries, one of which is Indonesia. Based on Riskesdas in 2018, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus based on the diagnosis of doctors in the population of all ages by province reaches 1,5%. The incidence rate of kidney disease in the diabetic population does not decrease. Some large cross-sectional studies in the world reveal that the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in people with type 2 diabetes even reaches 50%. Duration suffering diabetes is a risk factor for chronic kidney disease that needs to be considered. This study aims to determine the relationship duration suffering from diabetes with chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Indonesia. This type of research is quantitative, with cross-sectional study design. This study uses secondary data from the 2018 Riskesdas survey. The number of samples was 639 people, who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria in this study. The analysis used cox regression The prevalence of chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Indonesia is 17.68%. There was a relationship duration suffering diabetes with chronic kidney disease in patient type 2 diabetes mellitus in Indonesia which is statistically significant with p = 0.0000. So, important to screening mass type 2 diabetes mellitus as early as possible and routine screening kidney function since type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnose by a doctor.
Bankground: Cardiovascular disease, including stroke, is a major health problem in the world. Every year, there are more than 13.7 million new cases and 5.5 million deaths from stroke that occur globally. Based on Riskesdas data in 2018, the prevalence of stroke in Indonesia reached 10.9 per mile. In DKI Jakarta Province, the prevalence of stroke based on doctor's diagnosis increased from 9.7 per mile (2013) to 12.2 per mile (2018). Based on IDF data in 2019, the prevalence of diabetes in Indonesia reached 10.7 million cases and made Indonesia the country with the seventh most cases globally. In addition, according to the Health Social Security Administration (BPJS), the funds used for stroke services continued to increase, namely 1.43 trillion (2016), 2.18 trillion (2017) and 2.56 trillion (2018) and decreased to 2. 1 Trillion (2020). Although there is a decline in 2020, stroke is still ranked third as a provider of BPJS social security funds. Diabetes mellitus which is a risk factor for stroke has increased prevalence in DKI Jakarta Province from 2.5% (2013) to 3.4% (2018). Objective: To determine the relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and the incidence of stroke in the population aged 18 years. In DKI Jakarta Province in 2018. Methods: The study was conducted with quantitative methods and used an analytical cross-sectional study. The data source used in this study is secondary data from Riskesdas 2018. There are 1,537 samples analyzed according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Based on the results of the analysis, the prevalence of stroke was 1.6% and type 2 diabetes mellitus was 7.7%. There is a significant relationship between the variables of type 2 diabetes mellitus and the incidence of stroke. In addition, covariate variables such as age (POR=5.26; 95%CI: 2.28-12.12), occupation (POR=2.63; 95%CI: 1.12-6.19), hypertension ( POR=9.52; 95%CI: 2.83-32.06), and heart disease (POR=5.30; 95%CI: 1.75-16.04) were also significantly associated with the incidence of stroke. Based on the stratification analysis, it was found that the variables that became the interaction effect (modification) were education, hypertension, and heart disease. Meanwhile, the confounding variables were age, education, hypertension, and heart disease. Conclusion: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is an important risk factor to consider in the prevention and control of stroke in Indonesia.
Diabetes mellitus is a non-communicable disease that tends to increase. IDFAtlas 2015 data says, DM prevalence in Indonesia ranked 7th in the world. In Indonesia,Riskesdas data showed an increased prevalence of diabetes mellitus from 5.7% (2007)increased to 6.9% (2013). Central obesity is a strong predictor for the occurrence of type2 diabetes mellitus. The prevalence of central obesity based on Riskesdas 2007 data of18.8% increased to 26.6% (Riskesdas, 2013) The objective of the study was toinvestigate the relationship of central obesity to type 2 diabetes mellitus in thepopulation age ≥ 18 years in GERMAS launching area in 2016. Study design cross-sectional study, Analysis using logistic regression test. The analysis results obtainedproportion of type 2 diabetes mellitus by 6.1% and central obesity of 68.9%. In addition,multivariate results showed that the association of central obesity with diabetes mellitustype 2 was found to be POR 3,296 (95% CI 2,344-4,636) meaning that people withcentral obesity had a chance of 3,296 times (95% CI 2,344-4,636) had diabetes mellitustype 2 compared with non-obese residents after being controlled by physical activityand hipertension. Conclusions and suggestions for routine public health checks inPOSBINDU PTM, to perform early detection of central obesity and blood glucoseexamination to capture cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus as early as possible.Keywords:Diabetes mellitus Type 2, central obesity, GERMAS.
In 2022, Indonesia ranked fourth globally in the number of breast cancer deaths. One of the contributing factors to the high mortality rate is comorbidity. This study aims to examine the association between comorbidities and three-year survival of breast cancer patients in Indonesia. A retrospective cohort design was used, involving 896 samples from the 2018–2023 BPJS Kesehatan General Sample Data. Survival curves and probabilities were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, while associations were analyzed using the log-rank test and Hazard Ratios (HR) via Cox regression. The study found that the cumulative survival probability (CSP) at 36 months for the overall sample was 49.9%, with a median survival time of 35,34 months. Breast cancer patients with comorbidities and other comorbid conditions had a higher risk of death within three years (comorbidity CSP = 43.7%; HR = 1.38; 95% CI = 1.01–1.89, other comorbidities CSP = 42.4%; HR = 1.43; 95% CI = 1.01–2.04). No significant differences in survival were found based on metabolic disorders including diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, age at diagnosis, marital status, socioeconomic status, or place of residence. Breast cancer survival in Indonesia remains low, particularly among patients with comorbidities.
